Denver Fire Alarm Test Prep
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Denver Fire Alarm Test Prep
Initiating Devices and Notification Appliances
Ted “Smitty” Smith 2013
Initiating devices shall be protected from mechanical
damage Protective guards must be listed for use with the
device Duplicate terminals provided for the express purpose
of supervising the wire Detectors installed in concealed locations above 10’
AFF shall be provided with remote alarm indicators Remote alarm indicators must in an accessible
location and clearly marked for function and associated detector
17.4
General Requirements for Smoke and Heat
Detectors Can not be recessed unless specifically listed
for recessed mounting. Partitions and walls that extend to 15% of the
ceiling height effective divide the room and the locations on each side shall be considered separate rooms
17.5
Total or Complete Coverage includes
All rooms Storage areas Attics and lofts Other subdivisions of the building Inside all closets Enclosed stairways
17.5.3.1
Total coverage does NOT include inaccessible
areas Exception: Not required in a blind inaccessible
area if one of the following apply: Ceiling is attached to the underside of a
combustible roof Space is entirely filled with non combustible
insulation Spaces over room which do not exceed 50 square
feet Spaces between facing studs which are closer
than 6”
17.5.3.1
Total coverage does not require detectors below
open grid ceilings if: Grid openings are ¼” or larger Material thickness does not exceed least dimension Openings account for at least 70% of the surface
area Total coverage does not require detectors in
plenums above suspended ceilings when each connection from the plenum to the HVAC system has a detector.
17.5.3.1
Total coverage does not apply to under open
loading docks and shall not be required in accessible under floor spaces when: The space is not accessible for storage or
entrance The space contains no equipment, pipes, wires
or conveyors Floor over the space is tight No flammable liquids are on the floor above the
space
17.5.3.1
Partial, Selective and Non0required coverage
Intent is to protect against special hazards When installed must comply with NFPA 72
requirements as if it was a required area
17.5.3.2 and 17.5.3.3
HEAT DETECTOR GENERAL
Heat Detectors- General
Heat detection design docs has to include the performance objective of the system
Must be marked with a color code or numerals at least 3/8” to indicate temperature
Temperature of the detector shall be at least 20 degrees F above the maximum expected temperature at the ceiling.
17.6.1
Heat Detector Location and Spacing
Can not exceed their listing Detectors shall be located ½ their listed spacing from walls
and partitions within the top 15% of ceiling height All points on the ceiling shall have a detector within .7 of the
listed spacing Ceiling mount detectors shall NOT be mounted within 4” of
the sidewall Wall mounted heat detectors shall be mounted between 4”
and 12” of the ceiling Line type heat detectors shall be mounted within 20” of the
ceiling unless mounted on the bottom of joists and beams
17.6.3
Solid Joist Construction
Joists project down more than 4” and are spaced 3’ or less
Requires heat detectors be mounted on bottom of joists Spacing perpendicular to the joists shall be
reduced by 50%
17.6.3.2
Definition: Beam project down more than 4”
and spaced more than 3’ A ceiling is considered to be a smooth ceiling
if the beams project no more than 4” from the ceiling
Spacing at right angles to beam travel not more than 2/3 listing for 4.1” to 18”
More than 18” and more than 8’ on center: Each bay considered a separate area
17.6.3.3
Beams less than 12” and less than 8’ on
center detectors can be mounted to the bottom of the beam
Ratio rules: D/H Beam depth to Ceiling Height greater than .10 in Beam Pocket, Less than .10 on beam bottom W/H Beam spacing to Ceiling Height greater
than .40 in Beam pocket, less than .40 on beam bottom
17.6.3.3
Sloped Ceiling (Peak and Shed type)
Less than 30 degrees, all detectors spacing using height at ceiling
30 degrees plus: all detectors, except those at peak, spaced using average slope height or height of peak
Row of detectors first placed at or within 36” of the peak
17.6.3.4
Ceiling Heights up to and including 10’ shall
use heat detector listed spacing Ceiling Heights above 10’ and up to and
including 30’ shall reduce spacing using table Minimum spacing for heat detectors shall not
be required to be less than .4 times the height of the ceiling
17.6.3.5
SMOKE DETECTORS
During construction if installed for signaling
shall be cleaned and verified to be within listed sensitivity
During construction if not operational must be protected and then verified to within listed sensitivity or replaced
Where detection is not required during construction they should not be installed until AFTER clean up
17.7.1.11
Detectors installed on the sidewall shall have
some portion of the detector within 12” of the ceiling
Smoke detectors installed under raised floors shall be mounted in their listed orientation
Default spacing listing is 30’ unless otherwise marked
All points on the ceiling shall a detector within .7 times the selected spacing
17.7.3
Solid Joists and Beams Beam depth less than 10% of ceiling height
shall be considered a smooth ceiling Detectors permitted either on ceiling or on
bottom of beam 10% or greater
40% or greater detectors in pockets Smooth ceiling in parallel to beam ½ smooth ceiling perpendicular to the beams
17.7.3.2
Sloped Ceiling with Beam Parallel For sloping ceilings with the beams running
parallel up the slope Detectors shall be located within the pocket The ceiling height is the average height over
the slope Smooth ceiling shall be permitted within the
beam pocket parallel to the beams
17.7.3.2
For beam depths less than or equal to 10% of the ceiling
height detectors shall be located with smooth ceiling spacing perpendicular to the beams
For beam depths greater than 10% of the ceiling height the following applies for perpendicular spacing to the beams:
Where beam spacing is equal to or greater than 40% of the ceiling height, detectors shall be located in each pocket
Where beam spacing is less than 40% of the ceiling height detectors shall not be required to be in the pocket but shall be spaced not greater than 50% of smooth ceiling spacing
17.7.3.2
Sloped Ceiling (Peaked and Shed) For sloped ceilings with solid joists, smoke detectors
shall be located on the bottom of the joists For peaked ceilings, smoke detectors shall be
located within 3’ of peak For shed ceilings, smoke detectors shall be located
within 3’ of the high side For both peaked and shed ceilings, spacing shall be
based on a horizontal projection of the ceiling (measured horizontally, not down the slope)
17.7.3.3
Raised Floors and Suspended Ceilings Spaces above suspended ceilings and beneath
raised floors shall be considered separate areas for smoke detector spacing
Smoke detectors located in concealed areas shall not be a substitute for open air detectors
17.7.3.4
Air sampling Detectors Each port of an Air Sampling type smoke
detector shall be treated as a spot type smoke detector for the purposes of location and spacing
Max transport time from the farthest sampling point shall not exceed 120 seconds
Air sampling detectors shall give a trouble signal when air velocity is outside manufacturers specified range
17.7.3.6
Air sampling system piping shall be labeled
with SMOKE DETECTOR SAMPLING TUBE. DO NOT DISTURB
Air sampling tubes shall be labeled: At changes in direction or branches of piping At each side of penetrations At intervals of piping not greater than 20 feet
17.7.3.6
Projected Beam Detectors Projected beam detectors using mirrors shall be
installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions (normally reduce spacing by 1/3)
A projected beam-type detector shall be considered equivalent to a row of spot-type smoke detectors
***On smooth ceilings, spacing of not more than 60 feet between beams and 30 feet from a sidewall should be used as a guide
17.7.3.7
***Projected beams may be suspended from
the ceiling instead of wall mounted, with the transmitter and receiver no more than ¼ the selected spacing from the end walls
17.7.3.7
Heating, Ventilating, & Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Plenum areas require the use of smoke
detectors listed for such use, (HVAC) Smoke detectors in ducts or plenums are not a
replacement for open area detection ***Detectors should not be located closer than
36” from an HVAC supply or return opening
17.7.4
Duct Smoke Detectors Detectors installed in the air duct systems
shall not be a substitute for open air detectors NFPA 90A – Detectors approved for air duct
use shall be installed on the supply side of the air handling system per NFPA 90A (greater than 2000 cfm supply), return side duct detectors for greater than 15,000 cfm (return serving 2 or more floors)
17.7.5.5
Detectors installed in air ducts hall obtain a
representative sample of airstream Detectors may be mounted:
Rigidly with the duct On the wall of the duct with the sensing
element protruding into the duct Outside the duct with sampling tubes
protruding into the duct, through the duct using projected light beam
17.7.5.5
The location of all detectors installed in HVAC
duct system shall be clearly and permanently recorded
Detectors mounted outside the duct shall allow verification of airflow through the detector
All penetrations of the air duct in the vicinity of a detector shall be sealed
17.7.5.5
Door Release Detectors Open area detectors can be used for door
release service When door release is accomplished directly
from the smoke detectors, they shall be listed for door release service
For door release service, when the door header is 24’ or less from the ceiling 1 ceiling mounted or 2 wall mounted detector(s) shall be required
17.5.5.6
For door release service, when the door header is
greater than 24” on one side only 1 ceiling mounted (on higher side) or 2 wall mounted detectors shall be required
For door release service, 2 ceiling or wall mounted detectors shall be required 1 on each side of the door when the door header is more than 24”, on both sides, from the ceiling
For door release service when using detectors specifically listed for door frame mounting; only one detector shall be required
17.5.5.6
When using integral door closer/smoke
detectors 1 detector shall be required When door release is intended to prevent
smoke transmission in one direction only, 1 detector shall be required on the side of smoke confinement
Where multiple doorways exist and the distance between them exceeds 24”, they shall be treated separately
17.5.5.6
Where ceiling mounted detectors are installed
for single or double doorways they shall be installed: On the centerline of the doorway No more than 5’ measured along the ceiling and
perpendicular to the door Away from the door a distance equal to or
greater than the depth of the door header or 12” whichever is greater
17.5.5.6
Nameplates for notification appliances shall
include electrical requirements Nameplates for appliances shall include rated
audible or visible performance or both Nameplates for appliances shall include their
operation parameters or reference their installation documents which have that information
18.3
Appliances used in special environments shall
be listed for such use Appliances used for signaling other than fire
shall not have the word “FIRE” or any fire symbol on it
Appliances shall be mounted and supported independently of their conductors
Appliances shall be provided with terminals or leads such that connections are monitored for integrity (supervised)
18.3
An average ambient sound level of 105 dBa shall
require a strobe The total sound pressure shall not exceed 110 dBa
anywhere in the occupied area Sounds from normal or permanent sources lasting
more than 60 seconds shall be included in ambient sound level measurement, sounds from temporary or abnormal sources are not required to be included
Voice/comm. Systems shall be prerecorded, synthesized , or live and have voice intelligibility
18.4.1
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