Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 35 Basic Pharmacology.
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Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Chapter 35
Basic Pharmacology
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drug Names
• Chemical name
• Generic name
• Trade or brand name
• History and sources of drugs
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Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Must comply with federal and state laws
• Laws govern manufacture, sale, possession, administration, dispensing, and prescribing of drugs
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act– Protects public by ensuring purity, strength, and
composition of foods, drugs, and cosmetics
– Prohibits movement in interstate commerce of altered and misbranded food, drugs, devices, and cosmetics
– Enforced by Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Controlled Substances Act of 1970– Regulates drugs with potential for abuse or addiction
– Controls manufacture, importation, compounding, selling, dealing in, and giving away of drugs that have potential for abuse
– Controlled substances
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Controlled Substances Act of 1970– Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)– Physician registration– Controlled substances Schedules I–V
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Controlled Substances Act of 1970– Storage of controlled substances
• Separation from other drugs
• Well-constructed metal box or compartment with double lock
• Record book
• Counted, verified, and recorded at end of workday
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Controlled Substances Act of 1970– Medical assistant’s role and responsibilities
• Monitor physician’s DEA registration renewal date
• Maintain legally designated records and inventories of drugs
• Provide security for all drugs, in particular controlled substances
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Controlled Substances Act of 1970– Medical assistant’s role and responsibilities
• Provide security for prescription pads
• Properly destroy expired drugs and document it
• Know and understand federal and state laws that regulate drugs, including controlled substances
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Prescription drugs (legend drugs)– E-prescribing
• Nonprescription drugs– Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and herbals
– Accessibility to public
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Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs
• Proper disposal of drugs– Expired drugs could be harmful
• Administer, prescribe, dispense
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Drug References and Standards
• U.S. Pharmacopeia/National Formulary– Lists drugs certified as meeting established standards of
quality, purity, and potency
• Council on Pharmacy of the American Medical Association– Annually publishes list of new drugs
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Drug References and Standards
• Physician’s Desk Reference (PDR)– Published annually by Thomson Healthcare in
cooperation with pharmaceutical companies
– Sections of drug information
– How to use the PDR
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Drug References and Standards
• Other reference sources– Other drug reference books
– Packet insert that comes in drug package
– Pharmacists
– Reliable online sources
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Classification of Drugs
• Drugs can be classified many ways
• Examples– Drugs that treat or prevent disease
– Drugs that act on specific body systems or organs
• See Table 35-1 for a listing of common drug classifications
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Principle Actions of Drugs
• Local action
• Remote action
• Systemic action
• Synergistic action
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Principle Actions of Drugs
• Factors that affect drug action– Absorption
– Distribution
– Biotransformation
– Elimination
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Principle Actions of Drugs
• Undesirable actions of drugs– Side effects
– Drug interaction
– Adverse reactions
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Drug Routes
• Oral
• Parenteral
• Direct application to skin
• Sublingual
• Buccal
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Drug Routes
• Rectal
• Vaginal
• Inhalation
• Instillation
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Forms of Drugs
• Liquid preparations• Solid and semisolid
preparations >>
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Forms of Drugs
• Other drug delivery systems– Transdermal system
– Eye-curing lens
– Implantable devices
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Storage and Handling of Medications
• Original containers
• Darkness
• Refrigeration
• Glass containers
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Storage and Handling of Medications
• Consult drug label for storage
• Organization
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Storage and Handling of Medications
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Emergency Drugs and Supplies
• Crash cart
• Emergency drugs
• Emergency equipment
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Drug Abuse
• Recognizing symptoms of drug abuse
• Drug abuse programs
• Examples of drug types commonly abused
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Drug Abuse
• Effects of drug abuse
• Prevention programs
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