Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Unit One Foundations of the Professions.

Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.

Unit One

Foundations

of the Professions

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Chapter 1

Professionals

and the Professions

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SLP: Scope of Practice

1. Identification of communication and swallowing delays and disorders

2. Evaluation of communication and swallowing delays and disorders

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SLP: Scope of Practice

3. Treatment of communication and swallowing delays and disorders

4. Prevention of communication and swallowing delays and disorders

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Audiology

• Identification, evaluation, treatment, and prevention of hearing disorders

• Selection and evaluation of hearing aids

• Habilitation/rehabilitation of people with hearing impairments

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Personal Qualities of Effective Helpers

• Encouraging

• Emotionally stable

• Self-aware

• Patient

• Sensitive to others

• Empathic

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The Team Approach

• Speech pathologists and audiologists provide their services within the context of a TEAM

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Team Members

Nurse

Psychologist

OT

PT

Audiologist

SLP

Physicians

Teachers

Client/Family

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Profession Entry-level degree requirements

Speech Pathology Master’s degree – either an M.A. or M.S.

Audiology M.A. or M.S. through 2012

After 2012, doctoral degree – Au.D., Ed.D. or Ph.D.

Team Members

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10

SLP: Work Settings

• Schools

• Hospitals

• Residential health care

• Nonresidential health care

• Private practice

• Universities

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11

SLP: Job Outlook

• Projected increased need of 27 percent for speech pathologists between 2002 and 2012– According to the U.S. Department of Labor

Bureau of Labor Statistics

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12

Audiology: Work Settings

• Schools

• Hospitals

• Residential health care

• Nonresidential health care

• Private practice

• Industry

• Universities

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13

Audiology: Job Outlook

• Projected increased need of 29 percent for audiologists between 2002 and 2012– According to the U.S. Department of Labor

Bureau of Labor Statistics

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14

Professional Organizations

• ASHA – American Speech-Language-Hearing

Association– www.asha.org

• AAA – American Academy of Audiology– www.audiology.org

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Professional Organizations

• Each U.S. state will have it’s own professional organization

• Minnesota’s organization, MSHA, has a website www.msha.net

• Does your state have a professional organization? Find the website for your state organization.

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Student Organizations

• NSSLHA – National Student Speech Language

Hearing Association– www.nsslha.org

• Does your own university have a NSSLHA chapter?

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Chapter 2

Foundations

of Communication

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Communication

• Verbal– Spoken language

• Nonverbal– Facial expressions– Eye contact– Body posture– Gestures

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Communication Modality Matrix

• Input– Auditory, Nonverbal, Reading

• Output– Verbal, Nonverbal, Written

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Speech

• Respiration

• Phonation

• Resonance

• Articulation

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Respiration

• Includes:– Lungs– Diaphragm– Chest muscles

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Phonation

• Includes vocal folds and structures within the larynx

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Resonance

• Modifies the sound produced by the larynx

• Includes:– Throat– Nose– Mouth

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Articulation

• Modifies the sounds that enter the oral cavity

• Includes:– Mandible– Lips– Tongue

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What Is Language?

• Socially shared code

• Represents concepts

• Uses arbitrary symbols

• Rule governedOwens, 2001

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Components of

Language

Phonology Syntax Morphology Semantics Pragmatics

What Is Language?

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Phonology

• Speech sounds

• Rules for using speech sounds in a language

• Phoneme – Distinctive sound in a language

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Morphology

• Study of the way words are formed

• Morpheme– Smallest unit of language that conveys

meaning

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Syntax

• Rules of word combinations to convey meaning

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Semantics

• Meaning of a language

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Pragmatics

• Use of language in social situations

• Verbal

• Nonverbal

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Nonverbal Pragmatics Skills

• Physical appearance

• Proxemics

• Kinesics

• Vocalics

• Haptics

• Chronemics

• Artifacts