Transcript
Comparison of the grammar translation method& direct
method & audio lingual method
Mahdie Hosseini
22
• GTM: the students should be able to read
literature written in the target
language.
• DM: the students should learn how to
communicate in the target language.
• ALM: the student should be able to use the
target language communicatively .
role of the teacher & the student
• GTM: the teacher is the authority in the
classroom.
the students do as she says so they
can learn what she knows.• DM: the students and teachers are more
like partners in the teaching-learning
process.
role of the teacher & the student
• ALM: the teacher direct and control the
language behavior of the students.
The students follow the teacher’s
direction and respond as accurately
and as rapidly as possible.
Characteristic of teaching/ learning process
• GTM: -student are taught to translate from
one language into another.
-students study grammar
deductively.
-students memorize native language
equivalents for target language
vocabulary words.
Characteristic of teaching/ learning process
• DM: -students need to associate meaning
with the target language directly.
-Grammar is taught inductively.
-the syllabus used in direct method is based
upon situation or topic.
-student practice vocabulary by using
new words in complete sentences.
Characteristic of teaching/ learning process
• ALM:-New vocabulary and structural
patterns are presented through
dialogues.
-The dialogues are learned through
imitation and repetition.
-Grammar is induced from the
examples given
-cultural information is contextualized in
dialogues or presented by the teacher
-Student’s reading and written work
is based upon the oral work they
did earlier.
The nature of student-teacher interaction & student-student
interaction• GTM: teacher to students.
little student initiation and little
student-student interaction.
• DM: teacher to student & student to teacher
students converse with one another.
• ALM: teacher and student
student to student : in chain drills: teacher-
directed
The feeling of the student
• GTM,DM,ALM:
THRE IS NO PRINCIPLE OF THESE
METHODS THAT RELATED TO THIS
AREA
How is the language viewed?
• GTM: literary language is considered.• DM: language is primarily spoken not
written.• ALM: everyday speech is emphasized and
comprises several different levels:
phonological, morphological,
syntactic.
How is culture viewed?
• GTM: culture is viewed as consisting of
literature and the fine arts.• DM: they study the history, geography and
daily lives of the speakers of the
language.• ALM: culture consists of the everyday
behavior and lifestyle of the target
language speakers.
What areas of language are emphasized?
• GTM: vocabulary and grammar
• DM: vocabulary
• ALM: sound system and grammatical
pattern.
What language skills are emphasized?
• GTM: reading and writing
• DM: reading, writing, speaking, listening
• ALM: listening, speaking, reading,
writing(natural order)
What is the role of the students’ native language?
• GTM: the students 'native language is
mostly used
• DM: the students’ native language should
not be used in the classroom.
• ALM: the target language is used in the
classroom.
How is evaluation accomplished?
• GTM: written tests in which students are
asked to translate.
• DM: we did not actually see any formal
evaluation in the class we observed.
• ALM: the answer to this question is not
obvious.
How does the teacher respond to students errors?
• GTM: the teacher gives them correct
answer.
• DM: the teacher tries to get students to
self-correct.
• ALM: students errors are to be avoided if
at all possible.
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