Construction Residential Houses Definition of a House: A structure serving as a dwelling for one or more persons, especially for a family.

Construction

Residential

Houses

Houses

Definition of a House: A structure serving as a dwelling for one or more persons, especially for a family

Housing

Building a HouseGrading and site preparation Underlayment

Foundation construction Trim

Framing Painting

Installation of windows and doors

Finish electrical

Roofing Bathroom and kitchen counters and cabinets

Siding Finish plumbing

Rough plumbing Carpet and flooring

Rough electrical Finish HVAC

Rough HVAC Hookup to water main, or well drilling

Insulation Hookup to sewer or installation of a septic system

Drywall Punch list

Grading and Site Preparation

•Clear site of trees, rocks, debris.•Level the site.•Dig for the foundation.

Grading and Site Preparation

Grading and Site Preparation

Grading and Site Preparation

Foundation Construction

Types Materials Parts

•Slab•Basement•Crawl Space

•Concrete with Rebar•Cinder Block with Mortar•Gravel•Drain Tile

•Wall•I Beam•Footer•Posts & Piers

Slab

Basement

Crawl Space

Crawl Space

Floor Construction

• Materials• 2”x10” Joists• 1”x8” Sill Plate• Anchor Bolts• 3 – 2”x10” Joists or steel I-Beam

for Center Beam• ½” Plywood for covering

Floor Construction

Floor Construction

Floor Construction

Floor Construction

Floor Construction

Floor Construction

Floor Construction

Floor Construction

Framing

• 2”x4” Studs (16” apart)• 2”x4” Top Plates• 2”x4” Sole Plate• ½” Sheathing (External)• ½” Fire Wall (External)• 2-2”x10” Header

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Framing

Roofing

• 2”x4” Trusses (24” apart)• Sheet Metal Plates• ½” Sheathing (plywood)• Building Paper (Tar Paper)• Shingles• Ridge Vent• Flashing (aluminum)

Roofing – “W” Truss

Roofing – “M” Truss

Roofing – “Scissor” Truss

Roofing – “Gable” Truss

Roofing – Vaulted Ceiling

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Roofing

Windows & Doors

Windows & Doors

Windows & Doors

Windows & Doors

Windows & Doors

Siding

Siding

Siding

Rough Plumbing

• Sinks Fixtures• Toilets Fixtures• Washer & Dryer Fixtures• Tub & Shower Fixtures• Hot Water Tank• Septic Tank or Sewer System• Vent Pipe• P-Trap

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Plumbing

Rough Electrical

• Outlets (120 watts & 220 watts)• Lights• Switches• Fuse Box

Rough Electrical

Rough Electrical

Rough Electrical

Rough Electrical

Rough Electrical

Insulation

• Foam Channels from Soffit Vents to Ridge Vents in Eaves

• Fiberglass Insulation• Plastic Covering (Vapor Barrier)

Insulation

Insulation

Insulation

Drywall

• Plaster Board or Sheetrock• Drywall Tape• Drywall Mud (Spackling

Compound)

Drywall

Drywall

Drywall

Underlayment

The plywood put down during the initial framing is called subflooring. Generally it is covered by tar paper or 4-mil-thick plastic as a vapor barrier and then by 5/8-inch particle board. Alternatively, it may be covered with rigid concrete wonder board for tile installations.

Rough HVAC

Heating and Air ConditioningVents & Ducts

Finish Electrical

FixturesOutletsSwitchesCover Plates

Bathroom and Kitchen Counters and Cabinets

The cabinet company will install kitchen and bathroom cabinets. They are simply aligned on the wall and screwed into the wall studs. Countertops are screwed on top of the cabinets.

Finish PlumbingOnce the cabinets are in, the plumber will return and install sinks, toilets and faucets. The plumber will also install the water heater if it was not installed during rough plumbing.

Hookup to Water Main, or Well Drilling &

Hookup to Sewer or Installation of a Septic

SystemDepending on where the house is located, it will either have a private well and septic system or it will hook up to municipal water and sewer lines. If a private well and septic tank are needed, the contractor will bring in a well-drilling subcontractor and a septic-tank subcontractor. Otherwise, the contractor will call someone (either the municipality or a subcontractor) to extend the municipal lines to the house. The plumber will hook up the water and sewer lines.

Trim

Once the cabinets are in, the interior doors are installed and the molding around the doors, windows and baseboards goes in.

Painting

Once the molding is on, it is time to paint and wallpaper the interior of the house.

Carpet and Flooring

Punch List

At this point, the builder inspects the house, noting any problems. All problems are tabulated on a punch list. The different contractors return to fix all of the problems.