Compliance with Tobacco Control Law in Public Places: A Survey in Dhaka City

Compliance with Tobacco Control Law in Public Places: A Survey in Dhaka City

Shahriar ShafiqAssignment Coordinator

Institute of Child and Human Development (ICHD) Dhaka

January 26, 2016

Background and Rationale

In Bangladesh-• More than 20 million

people use tobacco products and 4th largest producer of cigarette in this region.

• A WHO study estimated in 2004 that 382000 people became disabled.

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• Passed Consolidated Smoking and Tobacco Products Usage (Control) ACT, 2005

• Passed an Amendment of Smoking and Tobacco Products Usage (Control) ACT, 2005 in 2013

Background and Rationale (cont…)

3

• Smoking in public place is prohibited in the law

Despite the new amendment of law, implementation is rarely found and public places is not smoke free yet.

4

Background and Rationale (cont…)

To explore the arrangement by the authority for maintaining smoke-free public place according to the law.

To find out the extent of selling, distributing and promotional actvities of smoked tobacco products in public place.

To reveal people’s compliance with tobacco control law for making smoke-free public place.

To find out the reasons behind violation of tobacco control law in public place, if violates.

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Objectives of the Study

Study design: Cross-sectional study Study area: Among 28 Public Places (PP) in

DNCC and DSCC covering 7 categories (like Office Building, Cinema Hall, Transport Station, etc.) were visited

Study population: Authoritative persons, visitors and dwellers of the public places.

Instrument and technique: Face to face interview using semi-structured

questionnaire

Checklist for observation6

Methodology

Tools Data source Per place TotalSemi-structured questionnaire

Authoritative persons 1 28

Structured questionnaire Dwellers 5 140

Structured questionnaire Visitors 15 420

Observation checklist Place observation 1 28

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Methodology (cont…)

Number of respondents and spots by data source

Data processing and analysisData was presented using descriptive statistics with graphical and tabular representation

Ethical considerationGot IRB clearance and consent from respondents to conduct the study

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Methodology (cont…)

Respondents’ gender and age

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Findings

Visitor (%) Dweller (%) Authoritative Person (%)

GenderMale 86.2 95.7 96.4

Female 13.8 4.3 3.6

Age (in Years)

15-24 31.0 15.7 0.0

25-34 43.6 37.1 14.3

35-44 16.4 22.9 21.4

45-54 5.2 16.4 39.3

55 and above 3.8 7.9 25.0

Know about tobacco control law

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Findings (cont’d)

Visitor Dweller Authoritative Person0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0 86.7 85.489.3

13.3 14.6 10.7

YesNo

Perc

enta

ge

Variable* Visitors (%) Dwellers (%) Authoritative person (%)

Smoking in PP is prohibited 66.8 76.7 88.0

Fine for smoking in PP 69.0 75.8 64.0

Should have prohibition notice in PP 73.6 75.0 75.0

Base 365 120 25

Knowledge on specific aspects of the law

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*Multiple response

Findings (cont’d)

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Seen notice in public places

Findings (cont’d)

Visitors Dwellers0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

28.3

47.1

71.7

52.9

Saw Notice Did not see notice

Perc

enta

ge

Smoking status in public places

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Findings (cont’d)

Smoking status Visitor (%) Dweller (%) Authoritative Person (%)

Yes 21.0 32.1 21.4

No 79.0 67.9 78.6

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Respondents seen other people smoking

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Findings (cont’d)

Visitor Dweller0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

56.2 60.7

43.8 39.3

YesNo

Perc

enta

ge

Discouraged others during smoking

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Findings (cont’d)

Visitor Dweller Authoritative Person0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

27.3

46.7

35.3

72.7

53.3

64.7

YesNo

Perc

enta

ge

Variable Visitor (%) Dweller (%) Authoritative person (%)

Seen buying/selling tobacco products

Yes 43.8 42.9 28.6No 56.2 57.1 71.4

Seen prohibiting to sell tobacco products

Yes 2.2 8.3 12.5

No 97.8 91.7 87.5

Selling/buying of tobacco products

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Findings (cont’d)

Selling/buying of tobacco products by minors

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Findings (cont’d)

Visitor Dweller Authoritative Person0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

32.927.9

17.9

67.172.1

82.1

YesNo

Perc

enta

ge

Observed aspects n (%)

Display of vigilance notice 13 46.4

Notice hanged on a place that can be seen easily 11 39.3

The notice clear, readable and understandable 12 42.9

Notice used sign with written instruction 11 39.3

Observation regarding vigilance notice (n=28)

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Findings (cont’d)

Observation sell and promotion of tobacco products (n=28)

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Seen buying/selling tobacco products

Seen prohibiting selling tobacco products

Minors buying/selling tobacco products

Seen promotional activities

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0

42.9

0.0

17.9

3.6

57.1

100.0

82.1

96.4

No Yes

Percentage

Findings (cont’d)

Opinion regarding obeying the rule by general people

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Findings (cont’d)

Visitors Dwellers Authoritative persons0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

4.5 9.33.6

95.590.7

96.4Yes No

Perc

enta

ge

Reason behind violation of law*

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Findings (cont’d)

Response Visitor (%) Dweller (%) Authoritative person (%)

Lack of knowledge about the law 30.2 35.2 44.4

Insufficient notification/ vigilance notice 19.7 20.0 25.9

Lack of awareness of public place authority 26.9 34.4 18.5

Lack of awareness of law enforcement body 68.6 60.8 59.3

Lack of monitoring in public place 26.9 22.4 40.7

Base 401 125 27

*Multiple response

Study showed that majority of respondents know about tobacco control law regrading public place but have lack of compliance with the law;

It is also observed that lack of awareness, enforcement and monitoring are marked as reasons.

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Conclusion

Raising awareness build up program and disseminate the massage about the law through various media;

Strict policy should be made and the proper punishment for violation of the law;

Regular and effective monitoring should be on from the authorized body as well as law implementing authority;

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Recommendation

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