Cloud Computing: A New Trend in IT

Cloud Computing: A New Trend in IT

Dr.PutchongUthayopasDepartment of Computer Engineering

Faculty of EngineeringKasetsart University

pu@ku.ac.th

Cloud computing is everywhere

Capacity Massive processing power Massive Storage

Security Availability Scalability

Start small and grow on demand Cost effective

New Demand for IT infrastructure

High operating cost Man power cost Equipment cost Energy cost

High operating complexity Changing technology Increase complexity

Network, server, storage , security

New Challenges

Computer with infinite capacity

Start small and grow big based on my demand

Capacity can scale up and down on demand

Pay only what we use. No complex operating and

maintenance

Dream machine

• A style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided as a service over the Internet.

Cloud computing

What is Clouding Computing?

Source: Wikipedia (cloud computing)

Google

Amazon

YahooMicrosof

t

Saleforce

Power Grid Inspiration for Computing?: Deliver ICT services as “computing utilities” to users

Economic of Cloud Usage

Source: “Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing”, RAD lab, UC Berkeley

Quick start up no need to purchase any equipment. Subscribe, pay, and use

it. Scalability

less demand less computing power, more demand more computing power

Elasticity Handle the demand surge

Less maintenance No need to hire people to fix server broken, hacking, tuning

Less operation cost Pay only what you really use Cut the cost of maintaining huge infrastructure

It is cool, trendy Just a stupid execute when people do not believe you ^_^

Why we should move to the cloud?

Cloud Computing Definition (NIST)

This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristic three service models four deployment models.

5 Characteristics of Cloud System

On-demand self-service

Broad network access

Resource pooling

Rapid elasticity

Measured Service

Three Cloud Service Models

Software as a Service• End user software• gmail. Googledoc, facebook

Platform as a Service• Programming platform• Azure, google app engine

Infrastructure as a Service• Computer server• Vmware, EC2 , Openstack

Cloud Deployment Model

• Internal cloud used by an organization

Private Cloud

• Internal Cloud Shared by multiple organizations

Community Cloud

• Providers Cloud shared by many users

Public Cloud

• Cloud that composed of two or more cloud

Hybrid Cloud

User view the cloud as a number of servers Look the same as co-location server

This is actually a virtual server Windows or many flavor of Linux

User can start stop and reboot from web interface Normal web based application work fine Usage is charge on pay per use Can try at aws.amazon.com

Open a new account and start a new server use less than 30 minutes to apply

Using IaaS Cloud

PaaS cloud give you an API to program on the cloud

There is a need to port application etc. .NET to Windows Azure Python to google app engine

Pros and Cons More light weight that IaaS but need some

application porting effort

Using PaaS Cloud

You have already used it! Facebook Gmail Calendar Google Map

Running application directly from you browser No coding , no porting just pay and use or use

it for free

Using SaaS Cloud

server consolidation Iaas cloud is the same as allow you to use

many servers hosted by service providers Scalable web application

Community web like sanook , kapook Web app for anything you want to do

Back end for mobile app iCloud, GoogleCloud are being used

What the Cloud can do?

The Cloud and I

Internet

Computing Power

MusicVideo

PicturePersonal information

Services

Moneybooks

Data

Application Games

ACCESSSTORAGESHARING

ANYTIMEANYWHEREANYHOW

RELIABILITYSECURITYAVAILABILITY

The Cloud and I

Google docs (Office) Spread Sheet Word processor Presentation Calendar Gmail

The Cloud and I

My cloud (google, facebook, dropbox,

amazon)document

picture musiccalendar

Appointment (google calendar) My secretary take appointment , add to

calendar I got to see it on every device quickly, so is she Device notify me

Email (gmail) I can go to any computer/device with browser,

my email follow me there. I have no need to install mail client, maintain

mail server

Work Life with a Cloud

Document (google docs) I can create basic document, good spreadsheet, basic

presentation without installing any software I can down load document and edit it on my computer I can share my document with other on internet and edit it

together Storage (google drive, dropbox)

Create presentation on notebook, drop in in dropbox Present from iPad, Smartphone Secure, no need to carry thumb drive Easily share file with other people making team work easy

Work Life with a Cloud

Picture Using Instagram, photo, video I take instantly appear on

twitter and facebook and neatly catalog Picture can be shared, tag, comment among my 2000

friends on facebook! If I want, they will know where I was. (Little dangerous)

Communication My thought can be spread anytime anyway using

facebook, googleplus, multiply I can even “hang out” with friend on google plus

Play Life with a Cloud

Book Amazon Kindle Store. Buy book from amazon

and they will keep it on their cloud Unlimited book shelves, no cleaning, dusting

Read your book on any device iPad, iPhone, Androiod Phone, Tablet, PC, Mac I read mine on iPad, and my Galaxy S2 phone

Play Life with a Cloud

Music iTune Store allow you to shopping for music,

movies You can load it and play on many of your

devices Media Industry is changing, now you can own

a radio station and TV station and get audiences around the world Power shift from infrastructure provider (TV

station) to content creator ( like grammy etc.)

Play Life with a Cloud

Some Existing Cloud Computing Systems

Amazon AWS Google App Engine Microsoft Azure Openstack

Amazon

Google App Engine

Google App Engine is a platform for developing and hosting web applications in Google-managed data centers first released as a beta version in

April 2008. Google App virtualizes applications

across multiple servers and data centers.

Google App Engine is free up to a certain level of used resources. Fees are charged for additional storage, bandwidth, or CPU cycles required by the application.[

App Engine Architecture

31

PythonVM

process

stdlib

app

memcachedatastore

mail

images

urlfech

statefulAPIs

stateless APIs R/O FSreq/resp

Windows Azure

Cloud Application Development

Separate processing logic , UI, and DM Tier Using Services Oriented Architecture (SOA)

design

Data Management Tier

Processing Tier

UI TierWeb2.0

OpenStack: The Open Source Cloud Operating System 

OpenStack Architecture

OpenStack is a cloud operating system that controls large pools of compute, storage, and networking resources throughout a datacenter, all managed through a dashboard that gives administrators control while empowering their users to provision resources through a web interface.

Structure

Nova Compute

Glance Architecture

Nova Network VLAN Manager

Deployment Topology

We are living in the world of Data

Gene Sequencing

GeophysicalExploration

Medical Imaging

VideoSurveillance

Mobile Sensors

Smart Grids

Social Media

Big Data“Big data is data that exceeds the processing capacity of conventional database systems. The data is too big, moves too fast, or doesn’t fit the strictures of your database architectures. To gain value from this data, you must choose an alternative way to process it.”

Reference: “What is big data? An introduction to the big data landscape.”, EddDumbill, http://radar.oreilly.com/2012/01/what-is-big-data.html

The Value of Big Data

Analytical use Big data analytics can reveal insights hidden previously by

data too costly to process. peer influence among customers, revealed by analyzing

shoppers’ transactions, social and geographical data. Being able to process every item of data in reasonable time

removes the troublesome need for sampling and promotes an investigative approach to data.

Enabling new products. Facebookhas been able to craft a highly personalized user

experience and create a new kind of advertising business

3 Characteristics of Big Data

•Volumes of data are larger than those conventional relational database infrastructures can cope withVolume

•Rate at which data flows in is much faster.•Mobile event and interaction by users.•Video, image , audio from usersVelocity

•the source data is diverse, and doesn’t fall into neat relational structures eg. text from social networks, image data, a raw feed directly from a sensor source.

Variety

Big Data Challenge

Volume How to process data so big that can not be move, or

store. Velocity

A lot of data coming very fast so it can not be stored such as Web usage log , Internet, mobile messages. Stream processing is needed to filter unused data or extract some knowledge real-time.

Variety So many type of unstructured data format making

conventional database useless.

How to deal with big data Integration of

Storage Processing Analysis Algorithm Visualization

Massive Data

Stream

Stream processin

g

Processing

Processing

Processing

Visualize

Analysis

Storage

Hadoop Hadoopis a platform for distributing computing problems

across a number of servers. First developed and released as open source by Yahoo. Implements the MapReduce approach pioneered by Google in

compiling its search indexes. Distributing a dataset among multiple servers and operating

on the data: the “map” stage. The partial results are then recombined: the “reduce” stage.

Hadooputilizes its own distributed filesystem, HDFS, which makes data available to multiple computing nodes

Hadoopusage pattern involves three stages: loading data into HDFS, MapReduce operations, and retrieving results from HDFS.

WHAT FACEBOOK KNOWS

http://www.facebook.com/data

Cameron Marlow calls himself Facebook's "in-house sociologist." He and his team can analyze essentially all the information the site gathers.

Study of Human Society

Facebook, in collaboration with the University of Milan, conducted experiment that involved the entire social network as of May 2011 more than 10 percent of the world's population.

Analyzing the 69 billion friend connections among those 721 million people showed that four intermediary friends are usually enough to

introduce anyone to a random stranger.

The links of Love Often young women specify that

they are “in a relationship” with their “best friend forever”. Roughly 20% of all relationships for

the 15-and-under crowd are between girls. 

This number dips to 15% for 18-year-olds and is just 7% for 25-year-olds. 

Anonymous US users who were over 18 at the start of the relationship the average of the shortest

number of steps to get from any one U.S. user to any other individual is 16.7.

This is much higher than the 4.74 steps you’d need to go from any Facebook user to another through friendship, as opposed to romantic, ties. http://www.facebook.com/notes/facebook-data-team/the-

links-of-love/10150572088343859

Graph shown the relationship of anonymous US users who were over 18 at the start of the relationship.

Why?

Facebook can improve users experience make useful predictions about users' behavior make better guesses about which ads you

might be more or less open to at any given time Right before Valentine's Day this year a 

blog post from the Data Science Team listed the songs most popular with people who had recently signaled on Facebook that they had entered or left a relationship

How facebook handle Big Data?

Facebook built its data storage system using open-source software called Hadoop. Hadoop spreading them across many machines inside a data

center. Use Hive, open-source that acts as a translation service, making

it possible to query vast Hadoop data stores using relatively simple code.

Much of Facebook's data resides in one Hadoop store more than 100 petabytes (a million gigabytes) in size, says SameetAgarwal, a director of engineering at Facebook who works on data infrastructure, and the quantity is growing exponentially. "Over the last few years we have more than doubled in size every year,”

San Diego Supercomputer Center Unleashes the Value of its User Data

Challnege To make SDSCs data stores widely available so that they �

could be accessed, searched, and shared anywhere via Web-based access, SDSC made the decision to move from a tape-based system to cloud-based object storage.

Solution OpenStack Object Storage uses open-source software to

create redundant, scalable storage using clusters of standardized servers to store petabytes of accessible data.

Objects are written to multiple hardware devices, with the OpenStack software responsible for ensuring data replication and integrity across the cluster. Storage clusters can scale horizontally by adding new nodes. Should a node fail, OpenStack replicates its content from other active nodes.

Benefit Today, SDSC's Cloud Storage provides academic and

research partners with a convenient and affordable way to store, share, and archive data, including extremely large data sets. Utilizing the OpenStack Object Storage software, files (objects) are written to multiple physical storage arrays simultaneously, ensuring that at least two verified copies exist on different servers at all times.

Cloud Library e-book lending service that will allow users to browse and borrow digital books directly from their iPads, Nooks and Android-based tablets.

3M will outfit local libraries with its own software, hardware and e-book collection be able to access via special apps, or 3M's

new eReaders, which will be synced with available digital content.

Discovery Terminal download stations in libraries, allowing visitors to leaf through the collection from a touch-based interface.

Random House and IPG have signed on to the initiative

Cloud Library

Introduction Department of Computer Engineering is one of the

leading computer engineering in Thailand (23 years) Research and Education

30 faculty member 20-30 Ph.D students 50 Master, 120 MSIT, 400 Undergrad

Mission Must support the teaching and research by providing

server / network/ service infrastructure Driving toward mobile anytime anywhere infrastructure

Moving KU Computer Engineering on the Cloud

Challenge and Opportunity Must provide a scalable and reliable

infrastructure Servers, Storage Services

Previously, a number of physical server has been used Getting old quickly, hard to maintain, a lot of

space Consume a lot of power, cooling

Moving KU Computer Engineering on the Cloud

Cloud is Solution For Server, use VM cloud (VMware) to

consolidate all small server into a set of VM on only 5 machines

Every lab, professor can request for VM for their use

Can scale easily using more physical server Moving to centralize large storage using NAS/SAN

storage cloud

Moving KU Computer Engineering on the Cloud

IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) has formed two new Working Groups (WGs) around IEEE P2301 and IEEE P2302. IEEE P2301 is a cloud computing standards in

critical areas such as application, portability, management, and interoperability interfaces, as well as file formats and operation conventions.

IEEE P2302 defines essential topology, protocols, functionality, and governance required for reliable cloud-to-cloud interoperability and federation.

Standard is needed

Trend

Physical Infrastructure

Virtualized Infrastructure

Framework as a Service

Software as a Service

Trends

Physical Infrastructure ( Server, Storage, Network)

Virtualized Processing Cloud

Infrastructure

E-learning

Virtual Desktop

ERP

Virtualized Storage Cloud Infrastructure

Virtualized Networking

Infrastructure

Cloud Storage

Virtual Desktop

Healthcare

People do not trust other to have their important data And why people trust your bank to have all

their money? People do not trust that cloud provider can

provide a robust and secure environment How many time your system went down or

being hacked compared to google or facebook?

Do avrage company have better staff than ISP who deal with these problems on a daily basis

Interesting!

Cloud computing open issues

Cloud Computing is here! You are using it everyday

SaaS Level such as facebook, gmail

Let fly above the cloud and see what it can do for you.

Conclusion

Thank you… Q&A