Chapter 10 Ecology of the Community. Prologue How did communities evolve?
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Chapter 10
Ecology of the Community
Prologue
How did communities evolve?
• Does the individual shape the community, or does the community shape the individual?
• How can we know what rules are fair to all, and who is qualified to decide?
Community
• Structure and functions– Group of people in same geographic area– Under common laws– Sense of fellowship, belonging and
obligation to the group
Fig. 10-1, p. 402
Community
• Community has 5 functions– Production-distribution-consumption– Socialization– Social control– Social participation– Mutual support
The community’s influence on socialization
• Physical factors– Population– Noise– Arrangement and types of houses– Play settings
The community’s influence on socialization
• Economic factors• Social and personal factors
– The neighborhood setting– Patterns of community interaction
• Gemeinschaft: Mutually dependent and caring
• Gesellschaft: independent and contractual
Table 10-1, p. 413
The community as a learning environment
• Child community linkages established when citizens become involved in working toward mutually beneficial goals that focus on the positive growth and development of children
The community as a support system
• Chronosystem and Macrosystem influences on community services– Public agencies are financed by taxation
and are administered within the legal framework of the local, state, or federal government
– Private agencies are financed by donations and/or fees and are administered by a board of directors
The community as a support system
• Preventive, supportive, and rehabilitative services– Preventive services: Parks, recreation and
education
The community as a support system
– Supportive services: Family and child• Referrals• Economic assistance• Counseling• Family preservation• Senior citizen services• Child health and welfare• Protective• Child care
Table 10-2, p. 420
The community as a support system
– Rehabilitative services: Corrections, mental health, and special needs• Correction• Mental health• Special needs
Table 10-3, p. 423
Creating caring communities
• Economic assistance– Alleviating poverty– Addressing the needs of homeless families
• Health care– Preventing disease and increasing public
access to health care
Creating caring communities
• Support for families– Financial assistance for families in need– Problems associated with self-care by
children• Special childcare services
– Support for children with disabilities or children who are victims of maltreatment
Table 10-4, p. 434
Mesosystem influences
• Linking community services to families and schools-services should be comprehensive in that they link health, nutrition, social services, and education for children and their parents
Involvement and advocacy
• Types of advocacy groups – advocacy groups can form to solve and monitor specific problems, or they can be a source of ongoing support for children’s problems in general
Involvement and advocacy
• Advocating for child protection– Helping protect children– Treatment or intervention programs
available for child maltreatment• Support• Prevention
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