Certainty possiblity more test
Post on 19-Mar-2016
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Certainty: How sure we are about something
Possibility: We are only making a guess, we can think of other possibilities.
DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS
I think something is
possible at the present time
Do you know where John is?
Well, he must be in
the cafe…as usual
I’m not sure, he may be in
the toilet
No, no. He is in the
principal office…
I saw him!
Who really knows where he is?
Peter AndrésPeter Andrés Martha Martha* Martha! She saw him. She is
sure! She is saying a statement.* The other students are just
guessing
Where is John? Where is John?
He isis in the principal office.He must must be in the cafe He may/might/coulmay/might/couldd be in the toilet
100 % 100 % suresure
95% sure95% sure
Less than Less than 50% sure50% sure
Have you seen? Sara is so slim
Yeah! I see.
I would like to know what her
secret is ...
Perhaps she is sick... What do you think?
…Well ,she looks well. She can’t be
sick.
She mustn’t eat much fatty food
now.That’s why she has lost
weight
I have no idea but she may not have the same lifestyle she had before.
Oh! Shut up! You know
nothing! She is not sick at all. She got liposuction last month!
Who really knows about Sara’s beauty secret?
Betty Melissa Katie Sandy
*Sandy! She knows the truth* The other girls are just
thinking
Is Sara sick?She is not sick She She can’tcan’t be sick (I think it’s impossible)
She She must not must not eat much fatty food She She may not / might may not / might not not have the same have the same lifestylelifestyle
100 % 100 % suresure99% 99%
80% 80%
50%50%
To talk about certainty and possibility in the present, we use:
Must- May - Might- Could
Can’t/ couldn’t – Mustn't – May not – Might not
I think something is
possible in the future
Will Julio pass the test?
The test will be very difficult for everybody…He may pass the test but
who knows?
He’s been studying very
hard. He should pass the test
He’s very good student. He will
pass the test
His classmate his mother his teacher
Who thinks that Julio will pass the test?
*the teacher! She’s making a sure prediction
* The rest of them are speculating
Will Julio do well on the test?
He willwill do well on the test.He shouldshould /ought toought to do well on the test. (expectation)
He may/might/could may/might/could do well on the test.
100 100 % % 90%90%
50% 50%
To talk about certainty and possibility in the future, we use:
Will- Should- May. Might- Could
Won’t – Shouldn’t – May not – Might not- Could not
100 100 % %
suresure90% 90% suresure
-50% -50% suresure
He won’t won’t do well on the test.He shouldn ’tshouldn ’t/ought ought not to not to do well on the test. (expectation)He may not /might may not /might not /could not not /could not do well on the test.
Will Julio do well on the test?
To be a detective _____ be a very interesting job.
I don’t know much about the things a detective does, but I
think he ___ work solving mysteries and crimes.
What I am sure about is that a detective ____ know how to use a gun to protect himself
from the criminals. This job is really dangerous
Certainty or Possibility?must
may
must
Also a detective ______ coward.He ____________ fear the
unknown! And be very brave!Maybe this job is hard…He
_______ spend nights looking for clues.
I don’t know if I’m right or not but this job ______ be quite tiring
too.
can’tmust not
might
may
Mary has fallen asleep.
Yesterday, at the party…
She had been working all day at
home
She maymay have been have been tiredShe mightmight have been have been tiredShe couldcould have been have been tired
100 %100 %95% 95%
Less Less than than 50%50%
Therefore, by the end of the day…
She was was tired
SheShe must have been must have been tired
Read the exam carefully and choose
between option A or B
It seems that Bob is having problems to do the
exam…
He didn’t didn’t study. For
sure!
Yeah! He can’t have can’t have studied studied otherwise he could do the exam
Poor Bob. He mustn’t He mustn’t have hadhave had time to study
…or, he may not have may not have known known we had exam today
He didn’t didn’t studyHe couldn’t /can’t have couldn’t /can’t have studiedHe mustn’t have mustn’t have had time
He may not /might not have may not /might not have known about the exam
John is having problems to do the test because...
100 %100 %
95% 95%
90%90%
-50%-50%
1)A= Who was the man we saw with Anna yesterday?
B= I’m not sure. It ______________ been her brother but it’s just a guess.
2) A=I can’t find my umbrella. Have you seen it?
B= I don’t know. You _____________ left in the restaurant last night.
might have
may have
3) A=Why didn’t Dave answer the doorbell? I’m sure he was home that time. / B= He _______________ heard the ring. It’s the most probable.
4)Watch out for that dog. It_____________ bite you.
6) I bought this box of cereal yesterday. It ____________be empty already! It’s just impossible.
may / might
can’t
must not have
7)Sara knows a lot about movies. She ____________ go to the cinema very often.
8) The children ate all their food without complaining!
It ____________ been delicious!
must
must have
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