Center for Spatial Studies, UCSB. June 3, 2014 Spatially ...spatial.ucsb.edu/wp-content/uploads/UCSB-UMass-Stepanov-GISOR-Handout-B.pdfA building is more than just set of Rooms/spaces.

Center for Spatial Studies, UCSB. June 3, 2014

Spatially Enabled Smart Campus: Coupling GIS and Operations Research

Alexander StepanovGIS ArchitectA&F Administrative SystemsUniversity of Massachusetts, Amherst

Introduction• Smart Campus (what is “Campus”?)

• Analytics: Descriptive, Predictive & Prescriptive (being ‘smart’ through optimization of operations and use of existing resources).

• What are prerequisites for bringing OR methods to support ‘smart’ decisions

• Approaching optimization of campus-wide space assignment

Campus is a complex system (decomposition)

UR

BAN

/CA

MPU

S EN

VIR

ON

MEN

T

Processes

• Academic/Teaching• Research• Operations• Residential Life

“Divide & Conquer”“No buffer space”“Changes all the time”

Campus as Systems: BuildingsCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmppppppppppppppppppppuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuusssssssssssssssssssss aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaassssssssssss SSyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyystems: BBBBuildings

BU

ILD

ING

- B

UIL

DIN

G

Class Scheduling

BU

ILD

ING

S -

OPE

N S

PAC

EB

UIL

DIN

GS

- TR

AN

SPO

RTAT

ION

ADA Pickup LocationsADAADAADAAAAAAADADAADADADADAADAADAADAADAADAADAADAADAADAAADAADAAAAAAADADADADADAADAADAADAADAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAADAAAAADDADAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAADAAAAADAAADDAAAAAAADAAAADDAAAADDDDAAAAAAADDDDDADAAAADDDDDAAADDDDDADDDADDDAAAADDDAAAAADDDDDAAAADDAAAADDDDAAAAADDD PiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPiPPiPiPiPiPiPPiickuckuckuckuckukuukuukkkkukuuckuckuckuckuckuckuckuckuckuckuckuckukkukkkkkkkkkckuuckuckuukuckuckkkkukkukkkkkkukkkkukuckukkkkkukkkkkuuuckukukkukkkkkkukuuukuuckkkkkkkuuukukkkkkkuuuuuuckukkkkkkukuuukukkkkkkukuukuuuuukkkkkuuuuuukkkkkkuuukuuuckkkkuuuuuckukkukuuuuuuuuuuuuuukkuuuuuuckukkkuuuuuuuukkkkkkuuuuuuukkkkuuuukkkuuuukukkkkkuukkkkuukkkkkkuuup Lp Lp Lpp pp pppp p Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lp Lpp pp Lpppppp Lp Lp Lp Lppppp pp Lp Lpp LLp Lpp p Lp Lppppp Lpppppppppppppppppppppppp Lp LLpppppppp LLppppppp p Lp Lppppp ppppp Lppppppp ppppppppppp p p Lppppppppppppppppp pp Lppppp Lpp Lppppp Lpppppppppppppppp ocaocaocaocacacacacacaocacacaocaocaocacacaaocaocaocacacacaocaocaaocaaaocaocacaocaacocacaaaacacacocaattioiotttiotiotiotitiottiotiottttitttttittttitttitiottttitiottttiiotttttititiottttttiitttttttiiitttiiitttttttiiiittiiiittttttttttttttttttttt onnnsnsnsssnnnnnnnnnnnnsnnsnsssssnsnnnnnnnnsnsnsnnsssnssssssnnnnnnnsnnsssssssssnnnnnnnsnnsnnnnnssssssssssnnnnnsnsnnnnnnsssssssssnnnsnnnnsssnssnnnnnnnnssnnnnnnnssnsnnnnnsnnnnnsnssnnnnsnssnnssnnnnsnnnnssssssnnnnnnnnsssssssssss

BU

ILD

ING

S -

UTI

LITI

ESB

UIL

DIN

GS

- IN

FRA

STR

UC

TUR

E

3. Campus is a Complex System

OPE

N S

PAC

E

BU

ILD

ING

S

PRO

CES

SES

UTI

LITI

ES

TRA

NSP

ORT

ATIO

N

INFR

AST

RU

CTU

RE

4. Data & Analytical Workflows (WF)

Principles of such integration (CAD&GIS)

… given the fact that majority of the

existing buildings data are in CAD/BIM

systems/formats.

Principles of such integration (CAD&GIS)

… given the fact that majority of the

existing buildings data are in CAD/BIM

systems/formats.

2.2 3D Modeling: Tools: FME

4. Data & Analytical Workflows (WF)

“BRAIN”

“HEART”

“LUNGS”

GIS & Buildings

1860http://www.bostonfirehistory.org/gonefirehouseengine04a.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Boston_ground_1880.jpg

1880

BUILDINGS are “BLACK BOXES”“OBSTACLES” :: “ORIGIN/DESTINATIONS”

SYSTEM ANALYSIS?

GIS & Buildings vs. CAD & Buildings

NOLLI MAP of ROME (1748) [http://nolli.uoregon.edu]Giambattista Nolli (1701-1756) - Architect & Surveyor

Why do we need model buildings as a part of the system:

http://www.smarterbettercities.ch/3dgis-hospital/

They are important …

In the US:

Buildings/Urban Environment are critical for Human Race

19.20.21 PROJECT:

http://www.192021.org

will be living in CITIES/ BUILDINGS

Demand Supply

Demand Supply

Demand SupplyCij

Xij = {0,1}

Demand SupplyCij

Xij = {0,1}Xijj = {0,1}

3.1 Spatial DB of Space Inventory

3 step process: (3 feature classes)

3.1 Unique Campus Space ID & 3D representation of rooms

0318_04_0020A

Spatial database is a collection of rooms(spaces), which are registered in physical space and have unique “global” campus ID.

Connection to the enterprise DB

ETL: CAD to Arch Space

ETL: Arch to GIS Space

Each space/room has LOCATION_ID to join with DBs

▪ A building is more than just set of Rooms/spaces.

▪ From inventory/reporting to optimization and analysis

Vertical & Horizontal Conveyors

Example3: Indoor Routing & Navigation

Exam

ple

3

Buildings as complex systems

Getting ideas for modeling building networks

IBM (Supply Chain Optimization)

Testing our ideas for modeling building networks

Workflow to build the network/graph G(V,E)

1 2

34

5

5

6

Demo 2

Building/Floor topology defines the performance metrics (“Pine branch” networks are not enough)

IBM (Supply Chain Optimization) ESRI (Travel Time along actual road network)

Source: J. MacGregor Smith (MIE, UMass Amherst)

Developing networks to model crucial building functions

▪ Space Assignment▪ Location/Allocation▪User/Space Interaction

▪ 2D/3D Routing▪Evacuation Planning▪ Accessibility

Building Indoor Networks

Exam

ple

3

Connection to ‘outdoor’ sidewalks/roads

RECTILINEAR STEINER MINIMAL TREES (RSMT) with Obstacles

• Rooms• Doors• Corridors (Circulation )• Walls ( Obstacles )

Prof. J.MacGregor Smith ((jmsmith@ecs.umass.eduu) ( msmith@ecs.umass.edujm uCAD/DB

Network Representation (Floor/Building)

Example3: Indoor Routing & Navigation

Exam

ple

3

Rectilinear Steiner Minimal Trees is a graph connecting

all rooms/corridors with edges and ensures min. total length

RSMT algorithm(Prof. Smith J.M)

Data InterOp Extension

Example 3 RSMT: IMPLEMENTING MST with Custom Transformer

Exam

ple

3

21 rows of code to implement MST transformer 4 rows to solve Minimum Spanning Tree sub-problem using NetworkX (LANL ) (http://networkx.lanl.gov/)

Example 3 RSMT: IMPLEMENTING MST with Custom Transformer

Exam

ple

3

Buildings as system: GIS as Decision Support SystemUNIQUE ANALYTICAL ABILITIES TO DECISION MAKERS

http://gis.larc.nasa.gov/spaceopt/overview.html

• Energy Use Optimization• Facilities Management • Asset Management (Equipment)• Location/Allocation of Resources• Public Safety and Security• Maintenance • Space and Group Management (NIH, the largest research organization)• Optimization of Space Utilization• Improve Collaboration• Indoor Navigation and Routing• Event Scheduling (‘time table for College’)• Urban Planning• Landscape Architecture and Design

• Sea Ports, Airports, Shopping Centers …

Acknowledgments