Cells Diversity, Size, Basic parts And Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes.

Cells

Diversity, Size, Basic parts And

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Cellular OrganizationLife is Highly OrganizedLiving things are organized in a “Hierarchical” manner – meaning one level is integrated into the next higher level, increasing in complexity

Explain: Cell Diversity

Cells within the same organism show Enormous Diversity in:

1. Size2. Shape3. Internal Organization

1. Cell SizeFemale Egg - largest cell in the human body; seen without the aid of a microscope about the size of a grain of salt

Most cells are visible only with a microscope.

Cells are small for 2 Reasons

Reason 1:Limited in size by the RATIO between their Outer Surface Area and Their Volume.  A small cell has more SURFACE AREA than a large cell for a GIVEN VOLUME OF CYTOPLASM. 

Why cells are small As a cell grows

larger at some point its surface area becomes too Small to allow nutrients it needs to survive quickly enough to meet the cell's need.

Cells are Small

Reason 2:THE CELL'S NUCLEUS (THE BRAIN) CAN ONLY CONTROL A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF LIVING, ACTIVE CYTOPLASM.

2. Cell ShapeDiversity of form reflects a diversity of function. THE SHAPE OF A CELL DEPENDS ON ITS FUNCTION.  

What is this? Structure = function

What is this? Structure = function

What is this? Structure = function

Cells size shape form

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SsfSyFliU0M

3. Internal Organization

Basic Parts of a Cell All Cells have:

Plasma membraneCytoplasmControl Center

Plasma membrane

The cells outer boundary – a barrier between the inside and outside of a cell

Cytoplasm

The region that is within the plasma membrane - includes fluids and organelles

Control Center

Cells carry coded information in the form of DNA .In some cells it floats freelyIn others it is surrounded by a membrane and called a nucleus

Prokaryotic Cell

Cell membrane

Cell membrane

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Organelles

Eukaryotic Cell

3. Internal Organization

Two Basic Types of Cells

Prokaryotic Cell

DNA floats in cytoplasm

Two types of cellsEukaryotic Cells

DNA bound in membrane = nucleus

Compare and Contrast

Make a venn diagram comparing and contrasting Prokaryotes vs. EukaryotesGo to page 75

Venn Diagram: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Go to diagram saved