Cell Parts and Their Jobs. What are Cells? Basic units of all living things Building blocks of life Needed for growing, repairing/replacing damaged cells.
Post on 18-Dec-2015
215 Views
Preview:
Transcript
Cell Parts and Their Jobs
What are Cells?
Basic units of all living things
Building blocks of life
Needed for growing, repairing/replacing damaged cells
Cell Membrane
Location: Surrounds all cells
Function: – Gives the cell shape– Controls what
moves into and out of cell
Cytoplasm
Location: Throughout the cell
Function: Clear, jellylike material
– Provides cushion for all organelles
Nucleus
Location: Near center of cell
Function:– Controls cell’s activities
– Contains genetic information in the form of chromosomes/DNA
Nuclear Membrane/Envelope
Location: Surrounds the nucleus
Function:– Protects nucleus from
the rest of the cell
– Openings (pores) allow materials to move into and out of nucleus
Nucleolus
Location: Inside the nucleus
Function:– Makes ribosomes
Chromatin
Location: Inside the nucleus
Function: – Threadlike structures
that determine what traits a living thing will have
– “genetic blueprints” for cell operations
Chromosomes
Location: Inside the nucleus
Function:– Pairs of DNA– Contain instructions
for cell activities
DNA : Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Location: Inside the nucleus
Function:– Creates genes: determine
traits of organisms – Contains information for
making proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Location: Cytoplasm Function:
– Network of tubes in the cell – Transports materials from
nucleus to cytoplasm- throughout cell
Smooth ER-no ribosomes Rough ER-has ribosomes
Ribosomes
Location: Cytoplasm or on the Rough ER
Function: – make proteins
Golgi Bodies
Location: Cytoplasm
Function:– Curved sacs that
package/store proteins
Mitochondria
Location: Cytoplasm
Function: – Sausage shaped
– Breaks down nutrients to produces energy
“Powerhouses” of the cell
Vacuole
Location: Cytoplasm
Function:– Stores food, water, and
wastes
Larger in plant cells Helps support the plant
Lysosomes
Location: Cytoplasm
Function:– Digests proteins, food,
water, and worn out cell parts
Mainly found in Animal Cells
Cell Wall
Location: surrounds plant cells
– Outside cell membrane– Rigid, non-living
Function: Protect and support cell
Chloroplasts
Location: Cytoplasm
Contain green pigment chlorophyll
Function:– Change light energy to
sugar [glucose] during Photosynthesis
Plastid
Location: Cytoplasm
Function:– Contains pigments to
give plants color
top related