Cebuano alphabet

CEBUANO ALPHABETCEBUANO ALPHABET(Sinugbuanong (Sinugbuanong

Titikanan)Titikanan)

5 Vowels, 14 Consonants5 Vowels, 14 Consonants

a, e, i, o, ua, e, i, o, u b, k, d, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, yb, k, d, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, y

5 Vowels, 14 Consonants5 Vowels, 14 Consonants

a, e, i, o, ua, e, i, o, u b, k, d, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, yb, k, d, g, h, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, y

(not in the Alphabet)(not in the Alphabet)

C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, RR, V, X, ZC, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, RR, V, X, Z

C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, RR, V, X, ZRR, V, X, Z

CC before before AA, , OO, , UU becomes becomes KK Carro (KARO)Carro (KARO) Common (KOMON)Common (KOMON)

C C beforebefore E, I E, I becomesbecomes S S Centro (SENTRO)Centro (SENTRO) Civil (SIBIL)Civil (SIBIL)

C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Ph, Q, RR, V, X, ZRR, V, X, Z

CHCH becomes becomes TSTS China (TSINA)China (TSINA) Chicharon (TSITSARON)Chicharon (TSITSARON)

F F becomesbecomes P P Filipinas (PILIPINAS)Filipinas (PILIPINAS)

J J becomesbecomes H H July (HULYO)July (HULYO) Japanese (HAPONES)Japanese (HAPONES)

C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, R, V, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, R, V, X, ZX, Z

LLLL becomes becomes LYLY Sello (SELYO)Sello (SELYO) Cuchillo (KUTSILYO)Cuchillo (KUTSILYO)

Ñ Ñ becomesbecomes NY NY Señal (SINYAL)Señal (SINYAL) Señor (SENYOR)Señor (SENYOR)

Q Q beforebefore UI UI becomesbecomes KI, KI, Mannequin (MANIKIN)Mannequin (MANIKIN) Maquina (MAKINA)Maquina (MAKINA) Taquilla (TAKILYA)Taquilla (TAKILYA)

C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, RR, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, RR, V, X, ZV, X, Z

Q Q beforebefore UE UE becomesbecomes KE, KE, Plaque (PLAKE)Plaque (PLAKE) Tanque (TANGKE)Tanque (TANGKE) Querida (KERIDA)Querida (KERIDA)

RR RR becomesbecomes R R Carrera (KARERA)Carrera (KARERA) Correo (KOREYO)Correo (KOREYO) Arras (ARAS)Arras (ARAS)

C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, RR, C, Ch, F, J, LL, Ñ, Q, RR, V, X, ZV, X, Z

V V becomesbecomes B B Aviva (ABIBA)Aviva (ABIBA) Favor (PABOR)Favor (PABOR) Vino (BINO)Vino (BINO)

X X becomesbecomes KS KS Exact (EKSAKTO)Exact (EKSAKTO) Examine (EKSAMINASYON)Examine (EKSAMINASYON)

Z Z becomesbecomes S S Cruzada (KRUSADA)Cruzada (KRUSADA) Lapiz (LAPIS)Lapiz (LAPIS) AZUL (Asul)AZUL (Asul)

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““A” (short “a”)A” (short “a”) Short “a” Short “a” (as n abaga, baha, dalaga)(as n abaga, baha, dalaga) Not long “a”Not long “a” (as in base, mate) (as in base, mate) Use in adopted English wordUse in adopted English word (natural, (natural,

abnormal)abnormal)

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““E” E” General Rule: “General Rule: “II” should be used in all ” should be used in all

native words.native words. Use in adopted FOREIGN word with same Use in adopted FOREIGN word with same

spellingspelling – AlegreAlegre– BoteBote– EntranteEntrante– EsposaEsposa– GabineteGabinete– LibreLibre– petsapetsa

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““E” E” Use in FOREIGN words with different Use in FOREIGN words with different

consonant spellingconsonant spelling – Coche (KOTSE)Coche (KOTSE)– Fuerte (PUWERTE)Fuerte (PUWERTE)– Fecha (PETSA)Fecha (PETSA)– Camote (KAMOTE)Camote (KAMOTE)– Leche (LETSE)Leche (LETSE)

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““E” E” Exception: When a Spanish word has no Exception: When a Spanish word has no

same sound equivalent English word or same sound equivalent English word or vice-versa, “vice-versa, “ee” is changed to “” is changed to “II””

– Capella (KAPILYA)Capella (KAPILYA)– Empacho (IMPATSO)Empacho (IMPATSO)– Escultor (ISKULTOR)Escultor (ISKULTOR)– Estacion (ISTASYON)Estacion (ISTASYON)– Estilo (ESTILO)Estilo (ESTILO)

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““E” E” Exception: When a foreign word is Exception: When a foreign word is

adopted as a native word, “adopted as a native word, “ee” is changed ” is changed to “to “II””

– Ataque (ATAKI)Ataque (ATAKI)– Espejo (ISPIHO)Espejo (ISPIHO)– Mantel (MANTIL)Mantel (MANTIL)– Tendera (TINDERA)Tendera (TINDERA)– Caldero (KALDIRO)Caldero (KALDIRO)– Ventana (BINTANA)Ventana (BINTANA)

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““E” E” Exception: When a Spanish word with an Exception: When a Spanish word with an

““II” has an equivalent English word but ” has an equivalent English word but with an “with an “ee”, the English word shall be ”, the English word shall be adopted.adopted.

– Actriz = Actress = (AKTRES)Actriz = Actress = (AKTRES)

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““E” E” Exception: When a a borrowed rootword Exception: When a a borrowed rootword

ended in “ended in “ee” and joined with a suffix, “” and joined with a suffix, “ee” ” is changed to “is changed to “II”.”.

– Bayle (BAYLIHAN)Bayle (BAYLIHAN)– Kamote (KAMOTIHAN)Kamote (KAMOTIHAN)– Higante (HIGANTING hayop)Higante (HIGANTING hayop)– Peste (PESTING iroa)Peste (PESTING iroa)– Bigote (BIGOTILYO)Bigote (BIGOTILYO)– Kape (KAPIHAN)Kape (KAPIHAN)

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““I” I” General Rule: “General Rule: “II” should be used in all ” should be used in all

native words.native words.– BakiBaki Exception:Exception:– ItiIti babayebabaye– KitiwKitiw pangadyepangadye– PiniliPinili butetebutete– BahiBahi sikwatesikwate– GahiGahi dayegdayeg– ItikItik

The VOWELS (Patingog)The VOWELS (Patingog)

““I” I” ““II” to replace ” to replace UEUE, , UIUI, , UIEUIE..

– Guerra (GIYERA)Guerra (GIYERA)– Guia (GIYA)Guia (GIYA)– Guirrilla (GIRILYA)Guirrilla (GIRILYA)

The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule

Ang Ang UU ug ug OO (in root words) (in root words)– Rule #1: Rule #1: “U” must be used in the first “U” must be used in the first

and middle syllablesand middle syllables (Unang silaba)(Unang silaba) (Sulod nga silaba)(Sulod nga silaba)

– BughatBughat - hapuhap - hapuhap– KusiKusi - pangutana - pangutana– Tulo Tulo - habuhabo - habuhabo– BulanBulan - matuod - matuod– BuangBuang - taudtaod - taudtaod– UmagadUmagad - hinuon - hinuon– UganganUgangan - bituon - bituon

The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule

Ang Ang UU ug ug OO (in root words) (in root words)– Rule #2: Rule #2: “O” must be used in the last “O” must be used in the last

syllablesyllable (kataposang silaba)(kataposang silaba)

– pakopako– lungsodlungsod – taobtaob – dakodako– tulotulo– matodmatod– nasodnasod

The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule

Ang Ang UU ug ug OO (in repeated action words) (in repeated action words)– Rule #6-a: Rule #6-a: “O” and “U” shall be retained“O” and “U” shall be retained

– lukso-luksolukso-lukso - inom-inom- inom-inom – Hubo-hubo Hubo-hubo - buot-buot- buot-buot– Dakop-dakopDakop-dakop - hubog-hubog- hubog-hubog

OO and and UU in repeated rootwords in repeated rootwords– Rule #6-b: Rule #6-b: “O” if in last syllable; “U” if “O” if in last syllable; “U” if

first and middle syllablefirst and middle syllable– TaudtaodTaudtaod - hunahuna- hunahuna– BukubukoBukubuko - habuhabo- habuhabo– BagulbagolBagulbagol - tuwaytuway- tuwaytuway

The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule

Ang Ang UU ug ug OO (in repeated proper (in repeated proper noun)noun)– Rule #6-k: Rule #6-k: (same with rule 6-b)(same with rule 6-b)

– LapulapuLapulapu – tubatuba tubatuba – BagulbagolBagulbagol

The O and U RuleThe O and U Rule

UU and and OO is always retained when is always retained when the rootword is affixedthe rootword is affixed

Himoon (himo + on)Himoon (himo + on) Handomanan (handom + anan)Handomanan (handom + anan) Lungsoranon (Lungsod + anon)Lungsoranon (Lungsod + anon)

UU is retained in words when the is retained in words when the first syllable is repeatedfirst syllable is repeated

Magtutudlo (tudlo)Magtutudlo (tudlo) Maghuhukom (hukom)Maghuhukom (hukom) Magsusulat (sulat)Magsusulat (sulat)