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CULTURE AND SOCIETY

FRANCO`S DICTATORSHIP FRANCO`S DICTATORSHIP

SYMBOLS AND ICONS

SONGS

ARTISTIC REPRESENTATIONS

ROLE OF WOMEN

Fascist art is propaganda art. Therefore, it is executed for masses.

Fascist propaganda must penetrate all social life.

Walter Benjamin

There was a plan to spread symbols and icons related to Francoist ideology.

Symbols were based on Spanish Empire´s ones (Catholic kings, Felipe II, Carlos I).

Spanish coat of arms during the dictatorship

Spanish coat of arms during the reign of Fernando and Isabel

Symbols and icons

The arrow and the yoke represents the hard work and the brave and military spirit of the Spaniards.

Franco used cinema and TV is a way of propaganda.

The script of this film, Raza, was written by

Franco.

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Some comics comunicated to the youngest, facist values such as fear of difference (racist, xenophobe), heroism and a permanent state of warfare.

Valle de los caidos

Franco wished to create a new spanish empire.Francoist architecture tried to imitate the c. XVI

Spanish Empire.

Francoist architecture

Ministerio del Aire (1940-48)

The leader worshipping is fundamental in any dictatorship.The images projected an idealized image (young, strong, etc.).

Franco`s artistic representations

Spanish peseta coin with the image of Franco, saying “Francisco Franco, leader of Spain, by the grace of God”

Lots of falangist anthems were created to explain facist values that people should know and defend.

Francoist music “Cara al sol” Falangist Combat Anthem

These songs were commonly sung at military parades, at schools and also at prisons were political prisoners were obliged to sing as a way to spread the francoist values.

These songs or anthems were usually plenty of chauvinist, military, racist or political messages that are nowadays abolished by our democratic system.

Francoist Regime based on the nazi German’s main grounds: Children, Home, Church(Kinder, Küche,Kirche)

Women during Franco’s Regime

The woman role in the Franco era

The wife subdue her husband & the daughter put down the father.

Section 57 of the Civil Code : The husband has to protect the wife and she has to obey him”.

Guardianship of single women until 25 years old.

It was not allowed:Home Abandonment without parental permission of not being to marry.

Emigration without parental certificate.

THE WOMAN AND THE FATHER

Married women couldn´t have their own possessions. Husband´s authorization is necesary for it.

A written permission from their husbands was required to women to signed an employment contract.

THE WIFE AND THE HUSBAND THE WIFE AND THE HUSBAND

The exclusive “sciences” for women were: cookerysewing anddomestic economy

The women and their education

Careers for woman

Single women or widows under 35 years old without children had to do military service for six months, dor six hours a day in order to learn the female “jobs”.

SOCIAL SERVICE

Art and Oblivion

“The campaign to pull down Franco statues has provoked heated debate between those who see them as part of Spain’s history and others who

wish to extirpate any trace of the era” -Daily co.uk-

HISTORICAL MEMORY

El Camp de la Bota by Francesc Abad. Composed by objects of Franco dictatorship´s victims. Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Barcelona (MACBA).

“Children, only animals live entirely in the Here and Now. Only nature doesn’t know the

memory and the history.”

Waterland by Graham Swift

History or Inquiry.To know that what we are is what

we are because our past has determined it.

To learn from our mistakes so it will be better, in future.