CATS Review Packet

CATS REVIEW PACKET

1. What does abiotic mean?

All the non-living things in an ecosystem.

2. Give an example of biotic.

Trees Raccoon Grass Tulip Deer Squirrel

3. What is the water cycle The continuous

movement of water from the surface of the earth to the atmosphere (troposphere).

4. What is the carbon cycle?

The continuous movement of carbon dioxide and oxygen between living things and the environment.

5. What is the Nitrogen Cycle?

The constant movement of nitrogen between living things and the environment.

6. Define Biome A biome is a large region

characterized as having a distinct climate and specific types of plants and animal life.

7. Name a characteristic of a Grassland biome?

Grassland Biome are areas in which the main plants are grasses. Summers are 86 F, Winters 32F, can support many species of animals: hawks, prairie dogs, bison, wheat and grasses.

8. Where would you find taiga biome?

Taiga Biome: South of the tundra. Much of Canada, Alaska, and North of the Rocky Mountains of the US.

9. Tropical Rain Forest Tropical Rain forest is near

the equator, warm temperatures (77F), abundant rainfall, many unique species of animals.

10. Food Chains/Food Webs

A food chain traces the path of energy as it moves from one organism to the next. Energy begins with the sun.

Food Webs are the interaction of many food chains within an ecosystem.

11. What is a niche? The special role an

organism plays within its habitat.

12. Define Carrying Capacity

The largest population that an area can support.

13. What is a vertebrate? Animals with backbones

14. How do fish breathe? Through Gills

15. Are reptiles warm-blooded or cold blooded?

Reptiles are cold-blooded

16. Define Symbiosis Symbiosis: Relationship

between two organisms. Mutualism,

Commensalism, and Parasitism

17. Give an example an adaptation.

Something that helps an organism get food, build a home, or protect itself.

EX: if a human cuts down the habitat of raccoons, they will adapt and learn to live in the new environment. Instead of hunting their food in the woods, they will search in other places, such as, garbage cans.

18. How is a plant cell differ from an animal cell?

Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplast.

Animals cells do not have either.

Both have cell memebranes.

19. Levels of Organization from smallest to largest in size.

CellTissueOrganOrgan SystemOrganism

20. Levels of organization from specialized to least specialized. OrgamismOrgan

SystemsOrgansTissuesCells

Multi-cellular-Uni-cellular

21. What is the difference between Osmosis and diffusion? Osmosis: Diffusion of water

across the memebrane (High to Low Concentration)

Diffusion: Movement of a molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

22. Relationship between photosynthesis and respiration. Photosynthesis: Process

that allows plants to make its own food. Takes in CO2 and gives off O2.

Respiration: O2 combines with glucose and CO2 and water is given off.

23. Father of Genetics. Gregor Mendell

24. Define heredity The passing of traits from

parents to offspring

25. What does homozygous mean?

Homozygous/Pure: Same allele for a given trait.

Example: TT; tt

26. How is meiosis different from mitosis?

Meiosis: Sexual Reproduction. ½ the genetic material in cell division is passed to offspring. Only in sex cells: sperm and egg.

Mitosis: Asexual Reproduction Cell division. Where 100% of genetic material gets passed on from one parent cell.

27. What are the sex chromosomes for a woman?

XX

28. Give an example of Physical Property.

Density, Ductility, Malleability, Boiling Point, Melting Point, Electrical Conductivity.

Identifies an element or compound.

Properties that do not change for the element or compound

29. Chemical Property Describe matter based on

its ability to change into a new substance without different properties.

Flammability is a chemical property

Rusting

30. What is the building block to matter?

Atoms

31. Law of Conservation of Mass

Matter can not be created or destroyed

32. Define Acid Acid is any compound that

produces H+ in water. Examples: Coffee, Tomatoes, Vinegar, Lemons, Stomach Acid.

PH scale 0-6.9

33. Define Base Base is any compound that

produces OH- in water. Examples: Milk, Blood,

Ocean Water, Antacid, Soap, Ammonia, Bleach.

PH 7.1-14

34. Neutralization PH of 7. Neither acidic or basic

35. Difference between Mixture and Compound

Mixture: a combination of two or more substances that have not combined chemically. They can be separated by physical means.

Compound: Matter made of two or more elements. The elements are chemically bonded; can not be separated by physical means.

36. Friction Force that resists the

motion of two surfaces that are touching each other.

37. Gravity Force of attraction

between any two objects.

38. Net Force Combination of all the

forces acting on an object.

39. Mass and Weight Mass: amount of matter

in an object measured in grams.

Weight: A measure of the force of gravity on an object.

40. Power Power: How much work a

machine can do in a unit of time.

41. 1st Class Lever Fulcrum is in the center.

Example: Door hinge, pop bottle opener

Lever: a long rigid bar that rests on and pivots around a support called a fulcrum

42. What is the boiling point of water?

100 C

43. Name the three ways that heat moves.

From Hot to Cold Conduction: Direct Heat Convection: Heat transfer

through air or liquid Radiation: Heat transfer

through space

44. What does renewable mean?

Regularly replaced or replenished by nature. Wind is a renewable energy source.

45. Why is electricity considered a secondary source of energy?

Sun is the source of all energy and is the primary source of all energy.

46. If a light bulbs lights up, is it a closed or open circuit?

Closed

47. What is the difference between an insulator and a conductor?

Insulator: a material that slows the movement of energy from one place to another. Ex. Thermos bottle.

Conductor: materials that let electrical charges flow through them. Ex. Metals, copper, aluminum wire.

48. What is xylem? Plant tissue that

transports water.

49. Angiosperm Flowering plants– plants

that produce flowers. Example: trees, shrubs, garden plants.

50. What type of climate zone do we live in?

Temperate climate: moderate temperature and moderate precipitation.

51. What is the difference between climate and weather?

Weather: conditions in the atmosphere including humidity, cloud cover, temperature, wind, and precipitation.

Climate: the general pattern of weather in a particular part of the world over a long period of time.

52. What layer of the atmosphere do we live in?

troposphere

53. What determines the climate of a region?

Location on the Globe and how far you are from the equator.

Two factors that determine climate: temperature and precipitation.

54. What determines the seasons?

The tilt of the Earth’s axis

55. Name the three rocks Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary

56. In which type of rock are we most likely to find a fossil?

Sedimentary

57. How is sound produced?

Energy that travels through matter as mechanical waves and can be heard by ear. Produced by sound vibrations.

58. Which travels faster, light or sound? Give an example.

Light waves travel faster than sound waves.

You see lightening before you hear the thunder.

How many independent variables should there be in a science

experiment One independent variable

for a valid experiment.

How many controls should there be?

Control is what stays the same in the experiment.

You should only have 1 control in an experiment.