Canadian History
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CANADIAN HISTORY Lesson 1: Rise of the Nazi Party
KEY WORDS AND TERMS Treaty of Versailles Hyperinflation Fascists Nazis Fuhrer Civil Liberties
THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES When WWI ended, it was called the
“war to end all wars” The treaty of Versailles officially ended
the war and was meant to punish Germany and to make sure Germany was not a threat anymore
TERMS OF THE TREATY There were many parts to the treaty,
but the following terms were the most controversial: Germany had to reduce its military to 100
000 men Germany was not allowed to have a navy Ger. was not allowed submarines, aircraft,
or heavy artillery. Germany had to pay 5 billion in reparations War Guilt Clause Germany agreed to take
all the blame for the war (losses and damages)
All the powers met at Versailles Palace in France to sign the famous treaty in 1919
This is why the treaty is called the Treaty of Versailles
WHAT HAPPENED AFTER THE WAR? Every country in Europe was in bad
shape Germany was in ruins because of the
burdens imposed by the Treaty Worst of all was the debt Germany had
to pay The newly elected German parliament
could not agree on a way to help Germany survive
The governments that came in the 20s in Germany tried to pay back the debts.
But they did not have enough money so they did two things:
1.Borrowed money from the USA and promised to pay this back (Dawes Plan)
2. They printed more German marks and used the marks to buy US dollars to pay off the loans and reparations
Stacks of German Marks, which were practically worthless due to hyperinflation
Woman feeding her tiled stove with banknotes
HYPERINFLATION More German marks (like dollars) went into
circulation which made them worthless Businesses demanded more marks for their
products Workers wanted more for labour People would take bags or wheelbarrows full of
money to buy products The German mark became worthless on the
world market and it was difficult to purchase foreign goods.
This woman is using paper money to light her stove in 1923
What does this tell you about the value of the Germany money at this time?
PRICE OF A LOAF OF BREADYear Price Year Price
1919 0.26 1923 (jan) 700.00
1920 1.20 1923 (may) 1200.00
1921 1.35 1923 (Sept) 2 000 000.00
1922 3.50 1923 (Nov) 80, 000, 000, 000.00
Which year had the most rapid rise in prices?
RISE OF THE NAZIS The German people were destroyed,
humiliated and in desperate need of change
Extreme parties began to become popular because they offered a clear message
Among these parties were the Nazis They promised to help the economy
but they were also racist
ADOLF HITLER
Desperate, the people of Germany clung to the promises made by the Nazis and their leader, Adolf Hitler
The word ‘Nazi’ is a shortened version of the first word in the party’s German name—Nazionalistische Which means ‘national’
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT HITLER? Use the KWL chart to record any
information you already know. Write things you would like to know about him in the second column. As we go through the lesson and our readings, look for answers to your questions.
ADOLF HITLER DER FURHER
During World War I; Hitler, who was born in Austria, served in the German army as a dispatch runner.
After the war, he was a member of a special army instructional unit created to combat socialist and democratic propaganda.
By 1920, Hitler was the leader of a small political party called the National Socialist German Worker’s Party.
HITLER’S PROMISES Hitler used people’s struggles and
bitterness He told the people he had a plan to
make Germany a great nation again He promised to do the following:
Stop paying the reparations to other nations
Invest in German industries to create growth
End unemployment Build Germany’s military
NAZI RALLY - 1935
Hitler was a very talented and effective speaker, who appealed to people’s emotions more than their intellect.
NAZIS RISE TO POWER The Nazis became a very popular group
in Germany In 1933, they won a plurality—they had
more seats than any other party in in the election
Other parties were not organized to form an alliance against the Nazis
Adolf Hitler became Chancellor
HITLER THE DICTATOR When he became Chancellor, Hitler
asked parliament for special powers to help deal with the enemies of Germany.
once they granted him these powers, Hitler abolished parliament and became the dictator (the Fuhrer) and his word was law
Hitler successfully took control of all of Germany
OPPOSITION? Anyone who opposed Hitler would be
imprisoned, tortured or murdered He began to reduce people’s civil
liberties Trade unions were banned Newspapers had to support Nazi
policies Teachers had to tell their classes about
how great Hitler was All books had to conform to Nazi views
BOOK BURNINGS
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