C4, PUMP IT UP! Dr. Weise. C 3, History of Discovery Andrew Benson James Bassham Melvin Calvin UC Berkley 1949 Discovered radioactive CO 2 fed to algae.
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C3, History of Discovery
• Andrew Benson James Bassham Melvin Calvin UC Berkley
• 1949 Discovered radioactive CO2 fed to algae first goes into PGA a 3 Carbon Compound
• Calvin solely won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1961
C4, History of Discovery
• Hugo Kortschak – Hawaiian Sugar Planters Research Lab
• 1965 Radioactive CO2
fed to sugar cane first goes
into malate a 4 carbon compound
• Got scooped by Hal Hatch and Rodger Slack
C4, History of Discovery
• Hal Hatch and Rodger Slack - Colonial Sugar Refining Co, Brisbane
• By 1969 had elucidated complete pathway we know today
• Was initially called the Hatch Slack Pathway
CO2
Calvin Cycle C3
2 PGA (3C)
RuBP (5C)
rubisco
Bundle Sheath Cell
C4, Only an Addition to the Calvin Cycle
CO2
Pyruvate
C4 “Front End”
PEPcarboxylase
Malate (4C)
PEP (3C)
Mesophyll Cell
Malate(4C)
Pyruvate (3C)
OAA (4C)
ATP AMP + PP
C4 Isn’t about CO2 (sorta)
• Its all about water and temperature
CO2
Calvin Cycle
RuBP
rubisco
PGAPGO
O2
• At high temperatures rubsico gets sloppy
• Catalyzes more oxygenations
• Plant looses carbon and energy
What About the Water?
• Plants have pores too, we call them stomata
• To let in CO2 plant must let out Water
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