Brendan Sears Toyota
Post on 11-Sep-2014
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Global development ofindustry & technologyin the 21st century
Global development ofGlobal development ofindustry & technologyindustry & technologyin the 21st centuryin the 21st century
Accelerated consumption of
fossil fuels
Accelerated Accelerated consumption of consumption of
fossil fuelsfossil fuels
1. Energy1. Energy
3. Air quality3. Air quality
Population growth (in USA, Asia, etc.)Population Population growth growth (in USA, Asia, etc.)(in USA, Asia, etc.)
Growing number of motor vehiclesGrowing number Growing number of motor of motor vehiclesvehicles
2. CO22. CO2(global warming measures)(global warming measures)
Three Major Issues
1� Two electric motors2� Ni-MH battery3� Power split device
EngineEngine
Power split devicePower split device
GeneratorGenerator
BatteryBattery
MotorMotor
Reduction GearReduction Gear Mechanical power path
Transmission for HVTransmission for HV
Power Control UnitPower Control Unit
Electrical power path
Features of System
Prius (THS) 1997~2003
InverterInverter
Evolution of Hybrid Units
•Continuous improvements (KAIZEN)
•The challenge to achieve higher performance
• Smaller, lighter units with improved output
Generator
Battery
Inverter
Traction motor
Main hybrid system units
EngineEngine
Power split devicePower split device
GeneratorGenerator
BatteryBattery
MotorMotor
Reduction GearReduction Gear Mechanical power path
Transmission for HVTransmission for HVElectrical power path
Prius
1� Two electric motors2� Ni-MH battery3� Power split device
Features of System
High-voltage boost circuit
(THSII) 2003~
InverterInverterPower Control UnitPower Control Unit
Basic components Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive®
38 28 modules
Module (6 Cells)Cell
(1,2 V)
273,6 V 201,6 V
HV battery Pack improvements: - 26% Modules (38 28 modules) - 30% weight (56 kg 39 kg) - 15 % volume (- 6 l) - 23% static current drop more efficient Added connection portion
between each cell
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500Output density (W/L)
Out
put d
ensi
ty (W
/kg)
‘97 Prius
Smaller
Lighter
35%up
(Cylindrical)
�Prismatic resin case�
(Prismatic resin case)
‘00 Prius
‘03 Prius
Battery
Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive®Improvements Toyota Hybrid Synergy Drive® vs. THS:+ 8% petrol power: 53 kW 57 kW+ 50% electric power: 33 kW 50 kW+ 14 % electric torque: 350 Nm 400 Nm over a 3 x wider rangeSubstantial increase in contribution of electric motorHigher voltage to electric motor/generator: 273,6 V 500 V
– superior power– minimised electrical losses
Enhanced charging capacity of generator: more power and speed– 33,8 kW 37,8 kW– 6,500 10,000 rpm
Newly developed battery pack– more compact and lighter (-30%)– superior output density– improved charge and discharge capacity
Aluminium High voltage wire harness (weight reduction)
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20070
1000
500
1500
PRIUS (US, Europe, …)
PRIUS (Japan)
PRIUS(Total)
TOYOTA / LEXUS HVs (Total)
All HVs including other company’s HVs (Total)
(Year�
HV Market: Cumulative sales (worldwide)
1 million
Cum
ulat
ive
num
ber o
f hyb
rid s
ales
(Tho
usan
d)
Irish Market Experience
• Hybrid sales exceed 2,500 at end of 2008• Mainly private buyers• Toyota Ireland role in promoting Hybrid• No.1 in customer satisfaction J.D. Power• Resale value is very strong• Appeal of Hybrid reaching a wider
customer base
Clean
Low
CO
2 em
issi
on
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30TtW NOx(g/km)
TtW
CO
2(g/
km)
Petrol
Source: VCA dataEuropean C segment vehicles
Prius hybrid
CNGLPG
Plug-in technology can further enhance the environmental performance of hybrids both in CO2 & pollutant emissions
Gasoline
Diesel
Plug-in hybridPlug-in hybridEV
FT-EV Concept
Plug-in Hybrid
Household electrical energyRecharged mainly at night
120 / 240 VAC single phase
Plug-in hybrids : A new style of electricity utilization
Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle
Battery
Recharging circuitEngine
Motor
MotorMotor Engine
Mainly EV in city driving
Mainly HV in long distance and high speed driving
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