Border Molding Shaping borders of impression tray Functional or manual manipulation of tissues Duplicates contour & size of vestibule Shaping borders of.
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Border MoldingBorder Molding
Shaping borders of impression tray • Functional or manual
manipulation of tissues
• Duplicates contour & size of vestibule
Shaping borders of impression tray • Functional or manual
manipulation of tissues
• Duplicates contour & size of vestibule
Border Molding Border Molding
• Performed with – Thermoplastic modeling
compound
– Waxes
– Impression materials
• Performed with – Thermoplastic modeling
compound
– Waxes
– Impression materials
Tray Wax Spacer Tray Wax Spacer
• Remains in place during border molding procedures
• Remains in place during border molding procedures
Custom TrayCustom Tray
• Comfortable
• 2-3 mm from vestibule
• Dry periphery of tray (Compound will not stick to tray otherwise)
• Comfortable
• 2-3 mm from vestibule
• Dry periphery of tray (Compound will not stick to tray otherwise)
Heating CompoundHeating Compound
• Use Bunsen Burner not Hanau Torch
• Warm until it starts to droop
• Do not overheat – if catches fire or boils, it will not mold properly
• Use Bunsen Burner not Hanau Torch
• Warm until it starts to droop
• Do not overheat – if catches fire or boils, it will not mold properly
Compound ApplicationCompound Application
• Apply over periphery of tray, in a thickness just slightly narrower than the compound stick
• Apply over periphery of tray, in a thickness just slightly narrower than the compound stick
Re-soften After Application Re-soften After Application
• Flame with a hand torch until all seams or sharp contours have disappeared
• Do not melt wax spacer inside tray
• Flame with a hand torch until all seams or sharp contours have disappeared
• Do not melt wax spacer inside tray
Preventing SlumpingPreventing Slumping
• Hold the tray upside down so that compound droops toward the depth of the vestibule
• Hold the tray upside down so that compound droops toward the depth of the vestibule
Tempering CompoundTempering Compound
• Temper in a water bath (135-140°F) for several seconds – Prevent burning
– Hot water bath will keep compound soft for an extended period
• Temper in a water bath (135-140°F) for several seconds – Prevent burning
– Hot water bath will keep compound soft for an extended period
Wax SpacerWax Spacer
• Keep out of hot water bath to prevent melting–Difficult to replace tray
intraorally in the same position
–Results in uneven border molding
• Keep out of hot water bath to prevent melting–Difficult to replace tray
intraorally in the same position
–Results in uneven border molding
Prepare PatientPrepare Patient
• Patient seated, head against headrest, mouth open & relaxed
• If patient “opens wide”, commisures constrict, limiting access
• Patient seated, head against headrest, mouth open & relaxed
• If patient “opens wide”, commisures constrict, limiting access
Inserting the Custom TrayInserting the Custom Tray
• Place intraorally by rotating into place–Mold by pulling on
the cheeks, lips
– Have patient make functional movements
• Place intraorally by rotating into place–Mold by pulling on
the cheeks, lips
– Have patient make functional movements
After RemovalAfter Removal
• Chill in cold water
• Trim excess over wax spacer or external material that is thicker than 4-5 mm – Clean debris from tray
• Chill in cold water
• Trim excess over wax spacer or external material that is thicker than 4-5 mm – Clean debris from tray
Assessing Peripheral RoleAssessing Peripheral Role
• Proper thickness
• No overlap
• Proper thickness
• No overlap
BurnthroughBurnthrough
• Difficult to see (opaque)
• Relieve tray
• Difficult to see (opaque)
• Relieve tray
After TrimmingAfter Trimming
• If border is sharp or has seams, re-flame, temper and readapt intraorally
• Repeat until periphery is completed
• If border is sharp or has seams, re-flame, temper and readapt intraorally
• Repeat until periphery is completed
Border MoldingBorder Molding
• Don’t reduce border molding prior to final impression if:–Modern low viscosity materials
are used
– Sufficient relief (spacer + holes)
• Don’t reduce border molding prior to final impression if:–Modern low viscosity materials
are used
– Sufficient relief (spacer + holes)
Maxilla - Seating the TrayMaxilla - Seating the Tray
• Seat tray firmly in mid-palatal area during border molding procedures
• Seat tray firmly in mid-palatal area during border molding procedures
Maxilla - ContouringMaxilla - Contouring
• Mold posterior buccal by pulling cheek down & forward with slight circular movement
• Mold posterior buccal by pulling cheek down & forward with slight circular movement
Functional MovementsFunctional Movements
• Patient moves mandible side to side & opens wide –Molds the retrozygomal area
– Allows for movement of coronoid process
– Prevents impingement of pterygomandibular raphe
• Patient moves mandible side to side & opens wide –Molds the retrozygomal area
– Allows for movement of coronoid process
– Prevents impingement of pterygomandibular raphe
Maxilla - Labial FrenumMaxilla - Labial Frenum
• Pull lip outward & downward– Do not pull to one side
• Pull lip outward & downward– Do not pull to one side
Maxilla - Labial FrenumMaxilla - Labial Frenum
• Labial frenum should be narrow
• Buccal frena usually broader, “V-shaped”
• Labial frenum should be narrow
• Buccal frena usually broader, “V-shaped”
Maxilla - Posterior BorderMaxilla - Posterior Border
• Add compound across the top of the tray (not at the edge)
• Add compound across the top of the tray (not at the edge)
Maxilla - Posterior BorderMaxilla - Posterior Border• Terminates at vibrating line
and hamular notches
• Mark with an indelible stick– Insert tray & check visually
• Terminates at vibrating line and hamular notches
• Mark with an indelible stick– Insert tray & check visually
Evaluating Border MoldingEvaluating Border Molding
• Relatively symmetrical• Relatively symmetrical
Evaluating Maxillary Border Molding
Evaluating Maxillary Border Molding
• Retentive• Retentive
Mandible Mandible
• More difficult
• Changing position of the floor of the mouth
• More difficult
• Changing position of the floor of the mouth
Posterior Buccal AreasPosterior Buccal Areas• Pull cheek upward while holding
tray in place
• Have patient suck cheeks inward while holding tray in place
• Pull cheek upward while holding tray in place
• Have patient suck cheeks inward while holding tray in place
Retromolar PadRetromolar Pad
• Should be covered (at least partially) to provide a seal and comfort to the patient
• Should be covered (at least partially) to provide a seal and comfort to the patient
External Oblique RidgeExternal Oblique Ridge
• Don’t extend past EOR
• Palpate cheek at angle of the mandible – Smooth transition
between mandible & border - not palpable
• Don’t extend past EOR
• Palpate cheek at angle of the mandible – Smooth transition
between mandible & border - not palpable
Buccal ExtensionBuccal Extension
• Look for fold in vestibule• Look for fold in vestibule
Masseter MuscleMasseter Muscle• Distal buccal extension
• Patient closes against force
• Activates the masseter, which will displace the compound
• Distal buccal extension
• Patient closes against force
• Activates the masseter, which will displace the compound
Mandibular Frenal AttachmentsMandibular Frenal Attachments
• Labial frenum is narrow– pull lip straight up,
– not as exaggerated as maxilla
• Buccal frena broad & “V-shaped”
• Labial frenum is narrow– pull lip straight up,
– not as exaggerated as maxilla
• Buccal frena broad & “V-shaped”
Posterior Lingual AreasPosterior Lingual Areas
• Have patient touch their tongue to the corners of the mouth, to the palate and stick their tongue out of their mouth
• Have patient touch their tongue to the corners of the mouth, to the palate and stick their tongue out of their mouth
Posterior Lingual AreasPosterior Lingual Areas
• An “S” shaped lingual flange commonly results in posterior lingual area
• An “S” shaped lingual flange commonly results in posterior lingual area
Retromylohyoid SpaceRetromylohyoid Space
• Distolingual border can extend– Straight down from the
retromolar pads
– Anteriorly to varying degrees
– Almost never angles posteriorly from retromolar pads
• Distolingual border can extend– Straight down from the
retromolar pads
– Anteriorly to varying degrees
– Almost never angles posteriorly from retromolar pads
Posterior Lingual AreasPosterior Lingual Areas
• Lower border at or slightly below mylohyoid ridge but not deeply into the undercut below the ridge,
• Minimizes, abrasion and discomfort
• Lower border at or slightly below mylohyoid ridge but not deeply into the undercut below the ridge,
• Minimizes, abrasion and discomfort
BuccalBuccal
AttachmentsAttachmentsTo HyoidTo Hyoid
MylohyoidMylohyoidRidgeRidge
X-section throughX-section throughMandibular ridgeMandibular ridgein 2nd Molar regionin 2nd Molar region
Posterior Lingual AreasPosterior Lingual Areas
• Denture should not lift with normal tongue movements
• Denture should not lift with normal tongue movements
Anterior LingualAnterior Lingual
• Patient lifts tongue to palate, to corners of mouth and sticks tongue out
• Hold tray in place – denture should not lift with normal tongue movement
• Patient lifts tongue to palate, to corners of mouth and sticks tongue out
• Hold tray in place – denture should not lift with normal tongue movement
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