Transcript
POWERED EXOSKELECTON
Prepared by,
JOHN JOSE,
S7 ME,
11436030.
Guided by, EDIN MICHAEL, Asst. Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engg.
INTRODUCTION
A powered exoskeleton is a mobile machine consisting primarily of an outer framework worn by a person, and powered by a system of motors or hydraulics that delivers at least part of the energy for limb movement.
SOME EXOSKELETONS
WHAT IS THE NEED OF AN EXOSKELETON?
• It is a suit which assists the wearer by boosting their strength and endurance. So it is used by paralyzed patients for walking.
• It also gives the wearer superhuman powers. So it can also be used in military and rescue fields.
Main Parts• Skeleton• Micro Computers• Power supply• Wrist band or control pad• Power Gloves(only in some)
SKELETON•It may be made of any light weight metals like aluminium, nickel, titanium and hard plastics.•The potential of using Carbon fibre is under research.
MICROCOMPUTERS
• Microcomputers control the movements of various motors or hydraulic cylinders associated with the joints.
• It sends signals to various joints as per the required mode.
POWER SUPPLY• These can be powered by an internal
combustion engine, batteries or potentially fuel cells.
• Regenerative methods like using piezoelectric shoes or power producing pendulums as in the case of kinetic watches will increase the power backup.
• Wireless charging will make a giant leap in the future of exoskeletons.
Wrist Band [Control pad]
• The user selects various modes by pressing the buttons on the wrist band.
• Various modes are sit to stand, walk forward, turn, …
POWER GLOVE• The fingertips in the Glove are
equipped with force-sensitive sensors that recognize when the user grasps an object.
• A microcontroller calculates how much force should be added and controls small engines that in turn move artificial tendons connected to the fingertips of the glove.
•Ekso suit is used by paralyzed patients for walking. •Users can stand, walk & even climb stairs.•It is powered by 4 motors one at each hip & knee joint that are controlled by micro computers.
WORKING OF EKSO
WORKING OF EKSO• Users can balance using crutches.• Users select different modes from the wrist
band.• It also uses motion sensors to study the walking
style of users.• It weighs 23kg & users can walk at a speed of
3.2 km/hr.• Newer versions of ekso suits have power
backup up to 6 hours.
COMPLICATIONS FACED
• Power supply• Skeleton material• Actuators• Joint flexibility• Speed of response• Detection of unsafe or invalid motions• Pinching• User size • Cost
USES
• Military• Medical • Rescue• Entertainment
MILITARY USES• Protects soldiers from enemy fire by repelling
bullets. • Increases the efficiency of soldiers. • By further advancements it may even be able
to carry a wounded soldier back to base. • Soldiers can carry up to 90kg at a speed of
7mph for long time and has a burst speed of 10mph.
• Its load carrying capacity works even without power.
• It can be used for mission in places where vehicles can’t go.
MEDICAL USES
• Helps paralytic to stand, walk and even climb stairs.
• People with muscular dystrophy and other neuromuscular disabilities could use the exoskeleton to amplify their muscle strength.
• Also used for physical therapy.• Can be used in surgery for very precise
movement with the doctor controlling it remotely.
RESCUE
• It can be used by firemen to go into risky and hazardous environments for rescue operations.
• It can be used to rescue people from the remains of destroyed buildings in an earthquake.
ENTERTAINMENT
• These suits can be used to perform superhuman stunts without risking human lives.
• It can also be used as a preventive measure in extreme sports like sky diving, para gliding …
Various exoskeletons developed so far
LIFE SUIT
• Monty Reed, a former Army Ranger who was paralyzed after a night parachute jump developed Life suit.
• The Lifesuit is intended to allow passive movements to the legs.
REX
• It weighs 84 pounds.• Stabilizes the body leaving
hands free.• Developed by eksobionics.• Differs from Ekso suit or
Rewalk in the sense that Rex is self balancing.
HAL 5• Hybrid Assistive Limb• The HAL suit works by
detecting signals sent from the brain to muscles and amplifies them.
• It is made of nickel and aluminum alloys, along with a thick plastic casing.
BLEEX• Berkeley Lower
Extremity EXoskeleton.• It combines human
control system with robotic muscle.
• More than 40 sensors monitor the movements & relay them to an onboard computer.
TROJAN• It is the first ballistic proof
exoskeleton. • It has so far been able to
stop bullets, knives, clubs and light explosives.
• The Trojan has an intake fan and an exhaust fan in the helmet to keep the soldier from becoming overheated.
• High impact plastic is used to create this 40 pound protective exoskeleton.
HULC• Human Universal Load Carrier.• Meant for military use.• Powered by batteries which lasts up to 8 hours
on marching.• It amplifies movements of user.• Loads are attached to the skeleton and are
carried by the skeleton bypassing the user.• User can carry up to 90kg weight and run at a
speed of 7mph for long hours.
XOS•It is also developed for military use.
XOS FEATURES
• XOS 2 is the most advanced exoskeleton developed so far.
• Weighs 150 pounds.• It is tethered to a power generator.• Sensors are provided all over the body and joints
have computer processors which communicate with each other.
• Can lift up to 180kg.
LANDWALKER• It stands at 3.4 meters
tall & weighs 1000 kg.• It has a cabin for the
pilot.• It is powered by a 250cc
petrol engine.• With guns held at each
side, this robot would be intimidating to any soldier on the battlefield.
ACHIEVEMENTS• Claire Lomas, a paralyzed woman finished the
London Marathon in the Rewalk bionic suit.
The 2014 FIFA World Cup made history when it opened in Sao Paolo this week when a 29-year-old paralytic man named Juliano Pinto kicked a soccer ball with the aid of a robotic exoskeleton.
Advantages• Disability no longer remains as a
permanent issue. • Increased mobility & performance.• Lessens the distance between men &
machines.• Newer researches in specialized materials.• Improves quality of life.• Expanding markets and newer jobs.
Disadvantages
• Research is drastically expensive.• The suit is also expensive -more than $45,000.• Specialized parts are required.• Lack of adequate power source still hinders
the development.• Difficult to stand up if user fell down but it has
been solved to a great extent by constant research.
FUTURE• These exoskeletons will be out in the
battlefield helping & protecting our soldiers.• Robotic surgeons controlled by surgeons will
soon conquer the surgery field.• Paralyzed patients can walk again.• The future seems endless as we go deeper
into this.
References• www.eksobionics.com• www.theyshallwalk.org•
http://www.forgeworld.co.uk/Warhammer-40000/Tau/TAU-BATTLESUITS-AND-DRONES?filter_reset=1
• http://kitup.military.com/2013/10/darpa-advances-bionic-suits-protect.html#ixzz36MQUvStl
• ‘Bionic Exoskeleton:History, development and the future’ -IOSR Journal of mechanical and civil engineering by Habib Ali, Department of Biomedical engineering, J.B institute of engineering and technology, Hyderabad, India.
• ‘Leading edge of cybernics : Robot suit HAL’ by Yoshiyuki Sankai Graduate school of Systems and information engineering, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
Thank You
top related