BIOLOGY HIGHER LEVEL PAPER 1 - IB Documents
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2212-6013 19 pages
M12/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ2/XX
Thursday 17 May 2012 (afternoon)
BIOLOGYHIGHER LEVELPAPER 1
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.• Answer all the questions.• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks].
1 hour
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2012
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1.
Contentremovedforcopyrightreasons.
2. Howdocellsinmulticellularorganismsdifferentiate?
A. Somecelltypesdividebymitosismoreoftenthanothers.
B. Theyexpresssomeoftheirgenesbutnotothers.
C. Someoftheirproteinsdenaturebutnotothers.
D. TheirDNAcontentchangeswithtime.
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3. Whatisanexampleofthetherapeuticuseofstemcells?
A. Sequencingthehumangenome
B. Forensicinvestigationsofpaternity
C. Productionofgeneticallymodifiedcrops
D. Restorationofinsulationtissueinneurons
4. Thediagramshowsthestructureofabacterium.
X
WhatisthestructurelabelledX?
A. Pilus
B. Cellwall
C. Cytoplasm
D. Cellmembrane
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5. Whatistheapproximatethicknessoftheplasmamembraneofacell?
A. 10nm
B. 50nm
C. 10µm
D. 50µm
6. Whatisaroleofironinlivingorganisms?
A. Helpsbuildstronger,denserbonesandteeth
B. Helpsmaintainthetertiarystructureofproteins
C. Strengthensthecellwallinplants
D. Formspartofoxygencarrierproteinssuchashemoglobinandmyoglobin
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7. Thediagramsshowthreerepresentationsofthestructureofthesamechemicalsubstance.
OOH
OH
HOHO OH
C C
C
OC
C
H
HO
CH 2OH
OH
H
H OH
HOHH
C HO
OHH
HHO
OHH
OHH
C H2OH
Whatchemicalsubstanceisshown?
A. Ribose
B. Glucose
C. Fattyacid
D. Aminoacid
8. WhattypeofbondislabelledX?
N
N
O
H N
N
ON H
H
N
N
NH
H
Guanine C ytosine
X
A. Ionic
B. Peptide
C. Covalent
D. Hydrogen
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9. ThediagramshowsthetranslationofamRNAmolecule.
Growingpolypeptidechain ofaminoacids Aminoacid
tRNA
mRNA
Ribosome
[Source:NationalHumanGenomeResearchInstitute]
AtRNAmoleculewithanticodonCAGcarriestheaminoacidphenylalanine.WhichcodonofmRNAwillthetRNAjoin?
A. CTG
B. CAG
C. GTC
D. GUC
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10. Thegraphshowstheabsorptionspectrumofthreedifferentpigments.
Contentremovedforcopyrightreasons.
[Pleaserefertothegraphathttp://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect10.htmundertheheadingof“Thelight-dependentreactions”]
Whatisshowninthegraph?
A. Thepigmentsabsorbalmostallgreenandyellowlight.
B. Carotenoidsabsorbbestinorangelight.
C. Therateofphotosynthesisislowestinbluelight.
D. Chlorophyllbabsorbsbestinbluelight.
11. Whatisagenemutation?
A. Failureofchromosomepairstoseparateproperlyduringcelldivision
B. Changestogenescausedbynaturalselection
C. Changestothenucleotidesequenceofthegeneticmaterial
D. Changesinkaryotypes
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12. Whatismeiosis?
A. Divisionofadiploidnucleustoformdiploidnuclei
B. Reductiondivisionofahaploidnucleustoformdiploidnuclei
C. Reductiondivisionofadiploidnucleustoformhaploidnuclei
D. Divisionofahaploidnucleustoformhaploidnuclei
13. Whichisasourceofchromosomesforpre-nataldiagnosisofabnormalitiesbykaryotyping?
A. Sperm
B. Ovaries
C. Erythrocytes
D. Chorionicvilli
14. Whatisaplasmid?
A. ChloroplastDNA
B. MitochondrialDNA
C. SmallcircleofDNAthatcantransfergenestoorfromaprokaryote
D. Thebacterialchromosome
15. Whatbestdescribesthemodeofnutritionofaheterotroph?
A. Itingestsonlynon-livingorganicmatter.
B. Itobtainsorganicmoleculesfromotherorganisms.
C. Itsynthesizesitsorganicmoleculesfrominorganicsubstances.
D. Itproducesitsorganicmoleculesfromchemicalreactionsusinglight.
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Questions 16 and 17 refer to the following food web.
Carnivores
Predatoryinvertebrates Butterflies
Detritivores
Primaryproducers (plants)
[Adaptedwithpermissionfromhttp://jogginsfossilcliffs.net/cliffs/biodiversity/]
16. The energy passing from the detritivores to the predatory invertebrates in this food web is14000kJm–2year–1. Approximatelyhowmuchenergy (inkJm–2year–1)passes from thepredatoryinvertebratestothecarnivores?
A. 140
B. 1400
C. 14000
D. 140000
17. Towhichtrophicleveldothebutterfliesbelong?
A. Producers
B. Primaryconsumers
C. Secondaryconsumers
D. Tertiaryconsumers
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18. Whattypeofprocesscausesantibioticresistancetodevelopinbacteria?
A. Competitionwithviruses
B. Overproductionofoffspring
C. Evolutionduetoenvironmentalchange
D. Responsebybacteriatoanepidemic
19. Whatisanimportantfunctionofthelactealinthevillus?
A. Secretionofmucus
B. Secretionofenzymes
C. Transportofglucose
D. Transportoffats
20. Whichbloodvesseldirectlysuppliesoxygentotheheartmuscle?
A. Aorta
B. Coronaryartery
C. Pulmonaryartery
D. Pulmonaryvein
21. Whatisalong-termeffectofHIVontheimmunesystem?
A. Increaseinleucocytes
B. Reductioninerythrocytes
C. Increaseinantibodyproduction
D. Reductioninactivelymphocytes
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22. Thediagramshowstheventilationsysteminhumans.
X
WhatisthefunctionofthestructurelabelledX?
A. Protectthelungs
B. Contracttocauseinhalation
C. Becomeflattertomovetheribcageup
D. Relaxinordertoincreasethethoraciccapacity
23. Whichofthefollowingarecontrolledbyhomeostasis?
I. BloodpH
II. Waterbalance
III. Bloodglucoseconcentration
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
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24. Whichofthefollowinghelptocontrolbodytemperatureonaveryhotday?
I. Shivering
II. Sweating
III. Skinarterioledilation
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
25. Whatisanucleosome?
A. AregioninaprokaryoticcellwhereDNAisfound
B. ADNAmoleculewrappedaroundhistoneproteins
C. Aribosomeofaprokaryoticcell
D. Amoleculeconsistingofasugar,abaseandaphosphate
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26. Thediagramshowsthecrosssectionofaplasmamembrane.
X
WhatisfoundinareaX?
A. Glycolipid
B. Glycoprotein
C. Polaraminoacid
D. Non-polaraminoacid
27. Howdoesacompetitiveinhibitorinteractwithanenzyme?
A. Itbindstotheactivesite,denaturingtheenzyme.
B. Itbindstotheactivesite,preventingsubstratebinding.
C. Itbindstoanallostericsite,causingconformationalchangeoftheenzyme.
D. Itbindstotheallostericsite,causingcompetitionwiththesubstrate.
28. Whatoccursduringoxidativephosphorylation?
A. ATPproductionusingelectronsfromNADP
B. CouplingofATPsynthesistoelectrontransport
C. Chemiosmosisinthematrixofthemitochondrion
D. ReleaseofenergyasATPreactswithoxygen
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Questions 29 and 30 refer to the following electron micrograph of a chloroplast.
Y
X
[Source:www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect10.htm]
29. WhatisthestructurelabelledX?
A. Stroma
B. Granum
C. Crista
D. Starchgranule
30. WhatisafunctionofY?
A. Carbonfixation
B. Absorptionoflight
C. Storageofglucose
D. ProductionofATP
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31. Whatisatendril?
A. Needle-likeextensionofthecortexandepidermisforprotection
B. Modifiedleaftopreventevaporation
C. Thread-likestructureusedbyclimbingplantsforsupportandattachment
D. Seedcoatusedforprotection
32.
Contentremovedforcopyrightreasons.
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33. Whatdoesfar-redabsorbingphytochrome(Pfr)causeinfloweringplants?
A. Itinhibitsfloweringinlong-dayplantswhennightsarelong.
B. Itpromotesfloweringinshort-dayplantswhennightsarelong.
C. Itpromotesfloweringinshort-dayplantswhennightsareshort.
D. Itpromotesfloweringinlong-dayplantswhennightsareshort.
34. Whatcausesgeneticvarietyintheformationofgametesduringmeiosis?
A. Crossing over in prophase I and random orientation of homologous chromosomes inmetaphaseI
B. Crossing over in metaphase I and random orientation of homologous chromosomes inmetaphaseII
C. LinkageofgenesinprophaseIandcrossingoverinmetaphaseI
D. Linkage of genes in metaphase I and random orientation of homologous chromosomes inmetaphaseII
35. Whatisclonalselection?
A. ProductionofmemoryBcells
B. Productionofagroupofidenticalorganisms
C. Passiveimmunityasaresultofinoculationwithantibodies
D. MitoticdivisionofBcellsactivatedinresponsetoaninfection
36. Whatistheroleofligamentsinhumans?
A. Toholdbonestogether
B. Toholdmusclestogether
C. Toattachbonestomuscles
D. Toattachnervestomuscles
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37. Thediagramshowsthenephroninakidney.Whichlabelledpartispermeabletosodiumandnottowater?
A.Afferentarteriole
Cortex
Efferentarteriole
Medulla
C.B. D.
[Source:www.medcyclopaedia.com/upload/book%20of%20radiology/chapter25/nic_k251_295.jpg]
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38. Thediagramshowstheadultfemalereproductivesystem.Whichlabelshowsthecervixandwhichshowstheusualsiteoffertilization?
II
I III
IV
Cervix Site of fertilization
A. I II
B. II IV
C. III II
D. IV III
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39. Themicrographshowsthestructureofatestisundergoingspermatogenesis.
X
[ImagecourtesyofWebPathology.com]
WhatisthestructurelabelledX?
A. Sperm
B. Sertolicell
C. Leydigcell
D. Germinalepitheliumcell
40. Whichisthecorrectsequenceofstagesinfertilization?
A. corticalreaction penetrationoftheeggmembrane acrosomereaction
B. corticalreaction acrosomereaction penetrationoftheeggmembrane
C. acrosomereaction corticalreaction penetrationoftheeggmembrane
D. acrosomereaction penetrationoftheeggmembrane corticalreaction
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