Binge Listening Is exposure to leisure noise causing hearing loss in young Australians? Harvey Dillon, Warwick Williams, Megan Gilliver, Elizabeth Beach.
Post on 14-Dec-2015
217 Views
Preview:
Transcript
Binge ListeningIs exposure to leisure noise
causing hearing loss in young Australians?
Harvey Dillon, Warwick Williams, Megan Gilliver, Elizabeth Beach
Noise-induced hearing loss
Work-related hearing loss
Leisure-related hearing loss
Noise
Work-related hearing loss
Leisure-related hearing loss
Work-related
hearing loss
Leisure-related
hearing loss
Work-related hearing loss
Leisure-related hearing loss
Overview
• Australian Hearing on-line survey of 1000 people aged 18 to 35
• Dosimeter measurements at various leisure activities
• Measurements of actual noise exposure from MP3 players
A crash course in
< 75 dB SAFE
75 – 85 dB LOUD
> 85 dBVERY LOUD
- Have to shout to be heard- Can cause permanent hearing loss
Workplace Noise Limits
85 dB for 8 hours
= 1 ADE
(acceptable daily exposure)
88 dB for 4 hours
91 dB for 2 hours
94 dB for 1 hour
97 dB for 30 min
100 dB for 15 min
Leisure noise exposure on a typical night out
Noise level: 100 dB for 4 hours = 16 ADEs
Enter Club A89 dB
Enter Club B106 dB
EnterClub C104 dB
114 dB
64 dB
85 dB
9:34pm 1:42am
Risky activities
• Risk– Loudness– Exposure time (how long, how often)– How many people– Mixing many high risk activities
Life-time noise exposure
• Activities change over life
• So noise/sound exposure changes
• Noise injury due to noise exposure is cumulative over the life-time
• Using a ‘noise exposure profile’ can highlight the most significant noise sources for typical individuals
• Prevention activities can be better targeted
Sound exposure profile over a life-timeSound exposures add up!
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
15 25 35 45 55 65
Age (years)
Exp
osu
re (
aye)
Work
Music
Concerts
Work+Music+Concerts
42-year old with accumulated noise-exposure of a 60 year-old
Williams, 2008
Annual noise doseC urrent e f f ec t : F (4, 3996)=200.14, p=0.0000
Vert ic a l bars denote 0.95 c onf idenc e interv als
Sp o rtPu b
GymC o n ce rt
N ig h tclu b / d a n ceMP3 p la ye r
AC TIVITY
0 .0
0 .1
0 .2
0 .3
0 .4
0 .5
An
nu
al n
oise
do
se (A
YE
un
its)
Attendance at night clubs / dance parties
>1
pe
r we
ek
1 p
er w
eek
eve
ry 2 to
3 w
ee
ks
1 p
er m
on
th
eve
ry 2 to
3 m
onth
s
eve
ry 4 to
6 m
onth
s
1 o
r 2 p
er ye
ar
<1
pe
r year
ne
ver
Q 2_5 G o to a n ight c lub or dance-music venue
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
No o
f pe
op
le
Night-club / dance venue 97 dB
>1
per w
eek
1 p
er w
eek
eve
ry 2
to 3
wee
ks
1 p
er m
onth
eve
ry 2
to 3
mo
nth
s
eve
ry 4
to 6
mo
nth
s
1 o
r 2 p
er y
ear
<1
per y
ear
ne
ver
Q 2_5 G o to a night c lub or dance-music venue
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
No o
f pe
ople
Sporting event 93 dB
>1
pe
r we
ek
1 p
er w
ee
k
eve
ry 2
to 3
we
eks
1 p
er m
on
th
eve
ry 2
to 3
mo
nth
s
eve
ry 4
to 6
mo
nth
s
1 o
r 2 p
er y
ea
r
<1
pe
r ye
ar
ne
ve
r
Q 2_1 Attend a live sporting event
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
No
of o
bs
Gym with music 92 dB
>1
per w
eek
1 p
er w
eek
eve
ry 2
to 3
wee
ks
1 p
er m
onth
eve
ry 2
to 3
mo
nth
s
eve
ry 4
to 6
mo
nth
s
1 o
r 2 p
er y
ear
<1
per y
ear
ne
ver
Q 2_3 Attend a fitness class set to music
0
100
200
300
400
500
No o
f ob
s
Concert 84 dB
>1
per w
eek
1 p
er w
eek
eve
ry 2
to 3
wee
ks
1 p
er m
onth
eve
ry 2
to 3
mo
nth
s
eve
ry 4
to 6
mo
nth
s
1 o
r 2 p
er ye
ar
<1
per ye
ar
ne
ver
Q 2_4 G o to a concert or live music venue
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
No o
f ob
s
Pub/club 83 dB
>1
pe
r we
ek
1 p
er w
ee
k
eve
ry 2
to 3
we
eks
1 p
er m
on
th
eve
ry 2
to 3
mo
nth
s
eve
ry 4
to 6
mo
nth
s
1 o
r 2 p
er y
ea
r
<1
pe
r ye
ar
ne
ve
r
Q 2_2 Vis it a pub or reg istered c lub
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
No
of o
bs
Personal stereo players (PSP)
• Long term study– Average level (LAeq) 84 dB
– Average use per day ~2:20 h:m
– Average exposure (LAeq,8h) 78 dB
– Users potentially at risk 23%– Users seriously at risk ~4%
Total annual leisure exposure (5 activities)
0
43
704
121
52
25
1523
83 1
0
3 1 100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0
Total yearly dose (AYE units)
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Num
ber of people
747
13% get more than one year’s max acceptable noise dose each year
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9>=
10
Total yearly dose (aye units)
Per
cen
t o
f p
eop
leTotal annual leisure exposure (MP3 use)
24% get more than one year’s max acceptable noise dose each year
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >=10
Total yearly dose (aye units)
Per
cen
t o
f p
eop
leTotal annual leisure exposure (MP3 use)
43% get more than one year’s max acceptable noise dose each year
+
Vertica l bars denote 0 .95 con fidence in te rva ls
18-24 25-29 30-35
Age G roup
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Exp
osu
re to
tal (A
YE
)
M ale Female
Does age and gender affect exposure?
Curren t e ffect: F (2 , 917)=3 .7525, p=.02382
Vertica l bars denote 0 .95 con fidence in te rva ls
Low (< 0.1 aye) M edium (0.1 - 1 aye) High (>1 aye)
Exposure group
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Co
mp
osite
he
arin
g d
ifficulty
(po
pu
latio
n sta
nd
ard
de
viatio
ns)
Is exposure affecting self-rated hearing difficulty?
Is MP3 player use affecting hearing difficulty?Curren t e ffect: F (2 , 917)=3.4196, p=.03314
Vertica l bars denote 0 .95 con fidence in te rva ls
None / no t loud Loud Very loud
M P 3 p layer use
-0 .2
-0 .1
0 .0
0 .1
0 .2
0 .3
0 .4
0 .5
Co
mp
osite
he
aring
difficu
lty(p
opu
latio
n sta
nd
ard
de
viation
s)
Do noise-exposed people perceive the risk to their hearing from leisure noise?
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
Per
cen
tag
e o
f p
eop
le
No risk Verysmall
Small Medium Large Verylarge
Self-perceived risk to hearing
Low activity exposure
Mid activity exposure
High activity exposure
Do noise-exposed people perceive the risk to their hearing from MP3 exposure?
0%5%
10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%50%
Per
cen
tag
e o
f p
eop
le
No risk Verysmall
Small Medium Large Verylarge
Self-perceived risk to hearing
Low MP3 exposure
Mid MP3 exposure
High MP3 exposure
Do noise-exposed people perceive the risk to their hearing from leisure sound exposure?
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
Per
cen
tag
e o
f p
eop
le
No risk Verysmall
Small Medium Large Verylarge
Self-perceived risk to hearing
Low exposure
Mid exposure
High exposure
Once your hea ring is damaged it canno t ever be res to red to its o rigina l s ta te (Q7b)
3%
9%
26%
42%
21%
Strongly disagreeD isagree
Don't knowAgree
S trongly agree0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
No
of p
eo
ple
T hese days, if you damage your hearing, the medical pro fession can bring it back to its orig inal state (Q 7i)
17%
41%
33%
8%
1%
Strongly disagreeD isagree
Don't knowAgree
S trongly agree0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
No
of p
eo
ple
Conclusions - Exposure
• Most people enjoy leisure activities safely• Clubbing and MP3 use both impart dangerous
noise doses to a small proportion of young people
• Those with the greatest noise exposure report the greatest number of hearing loss symptoms
• Exposure diminishes with age over the range 18 to 35 years
• Life-time risk depends on years of exposure, and work-related exposure
• MP3 exposure (per person) may be dropping over time
Conclusions - Awareness
• There is widespread awareness that excessive sound causes hearing loss, but:– Over 20% of those with high leisure noise
exposure think they personally have little or no risk, even if they know there is a general link
– More than 1/3 of people don’t realise that sound-induced hearing loss is permanent.
top related