BELLWORK Why did Japan leave the League of Nations? Describe how/why the Japanese military expanded in China. How did the U.S. respond? What was the goal.

BELLWORK• Why did Japan leave the League of Nations?• Describe how/why the Japanese military expanded

in China. How did the U.S. respond?• What was the goal of the Greater East Asia Co-

Prosperity Sphere?• List three similarities between the

countries/leaders in the Axis Powers alliance. • After Japan expanded into French Indochina & the

East Indies, how did the U.S. punish them? (list 3!)• THINKER: As you know, Hideki Tojo became the

leader after the military became more powerful than the government. In your opinion, why didn’t the Japanese government & Emperor Hirohito stop him?

German expansion by 1942

Battle of Britain• After Germany’s victories in Eastern Europe &

France, there was only one major power left in western Europe to fight.

• Great Britain.• Germany made plans to invade Great Britain.• However, Great Britain’s Royal Air Force

engaged German forces in defense of the nation.

• Battle of Britain- largest air assault in history.• German air force bombed British cities &

industrial centers.• Yet, could not force a surrender. Great Britain

held their ground until help came from U.S.

Operation Barbarossa• In your textbook, read “Invasion of the Soviet Union”

on pgs. 614-615 and answer the following questions:

1. Why did Hitler want to invade the Soviet Union?

2. What was Operation Barbarossa? How did Stalin react?

3. What is a scorched-earth policy? Why did Stalin use this?

4. Describe the advances Germany made within the Soviet Union.

5. What conditions did the soldiers face?

6. What was the outcome of this invasion?

German Expansion by 1942

U.S. Involvement

• After Britain & the Soviet Union were attacked, their leaders looked to the U.S.

• Both Churchill & Stalin requested aide from the U.S. and supported their entrance into the war.

• The only problem…….. America was still in a depression and did NOT want to get involved in Europe’s problems.

• No direct threat

Lend-Lease Act• Prime Minister Churchill confessed to FDR that

Britain was nearly bankrupt and needed more American equipment.

• FDR provided war supplies to Britain without any payment in return.

• Lend-Lease Act: The President could aid any nation whose defense was vital to U.S. security.

• After Germany attacked the Soviet Union, FDR extended the Lend-Lease Act to the Soviets.

• By the end of WWII, the U.S. had loaned or given away $49 billion of aid to over 40 nations.

Pearl Harbor• Tensions continued to grow between the

powers, until……

• December 7, 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, a naval base in Hawaii.

• Japan’s goal: hurt the American Navy so they couldn’t interfere with expansion policies

• 2,400 Americans were dead,1,200 were wounded, and 200 warships were destroyed.

U.S.S. ARIZONA

• Most dramatic loss in Pearl Harbor attack.

• 1,177 dead• The wreck was not

salvaged and continues to lie on the floor of the harbor.

• December 8, 1941: U.S. declares war on Japan

• December 11: Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.

Pearl Harbor Footage

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r2PDl-wSBLQ

CLOSURE• In your notes, create a flow chart of events

showing increasing tension between the U.S. and Japan.

• Use all events to describe conflict leading up to the U.S. declaration of war.

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U.S. DECLARES WAR!!!

• Germany broke the non-aggression pact causing Soviet Union to join the Allied Powers

• Japan attacked Pearl Harbor causing U.S. to join the Allied Powers

• Make a prediction: How do YOU think this is going to change WWII?

ABC Brainstorm: Turning Points• Now that the Soviet Union and U.S. are officially on

the Allied Powers, WWII is going to see a shift in power.

• By 1942, the war had begun to favor the Allies. • To learn about these turning points, you are going to

do the “ABC Brainstorm” reading strategy.• How does this work?• C: Casablanca Conference – (1943) Allied leaders

decided to focus on defeating Europe first. • C: Casablanca Conference• C: Casablanca Conference – meeting of Allies• Chapter 20, section 4 & 5: pgs. 620-626 (skip Pacific)