Transcript
Basics of Telecommunicatio
ns and Networking
Lecture Plan Network Architecture
Network standards and open systems
Virtual private network
Network management system
Networking A network is a group of interconnected
systems which share services and interact with each other by means of a shared communication link.
These systems can be located
anywhere. Network is often classified according to its geographical size.
Classification of Network
The most common classifications of networks are:
Local Area Networks (LAN) Wide Area Networks (WAN)
Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN)
Personal Area Networks (PAN)
Local Area NetworksComputer network connecting computers
and other devices in a workgroup,department, building or campus.
Connects BNs and MANs and are usually leased from inter-exchange carriers.
Typically span hundreds or thousands of miles.
Supports data rates of 28.8 Kbps to 2 Gbps.
Wide Area Networks
Wide Area Networks
Metropolitan Area Networks
• Is a telecommunication network that connects users and their computers in a geographical area
• This area is larger than covered by a LAN but smaller than covered by WAN.
• E.g City or college campus
• A network that supports the interconnection of information technology within a range of 33 feet or so.
Personal Area Networks
You may be connected through:
SatelliteDial-upLeased lineRF Link
What is Internet?1. The Internet is “The Network of
Networks”2. Internet is like a phone system which• connects( almost anywhere in the world),
Exchanges information• Acts as Global link between regional
networks• Allows unrestricted access3. Used for• Communication through email, Chatting • News groups, Files transfer• Documents, data (multimedia )sharing
etc
Internet: An Illustration
Internet
MediaFinance
Computers
Real EstateEducation
HealthGovernment
Universities Business
ServerServer
User
ClientClient
Model of Internet SetupModel of Internet Setup
ClientServer
Client
Email client sends message to server Message is stored
on POP server
Later, recipient’s email client retrieves message from server
Email application
Internet
• Publicly accessible network of interconnected computers which communicate via software protocol standards
• Easily accessed (via modem and phone line, ISDN, direct cable landline, satellite)
• Expanding global infrastructure
Intranet• It is an internal corporate network
built using Internet and World Wide Web standards and products.
• It is used by employees to gain access to company information
Extranet• A network based on web
technologies that links selected resources of a company’s intranet with its customers, suppliers, or other business partners.
To summarize Type Users
Need of user id and password
Internet Anyone No
Intranet Employees & Managers Yes
Extranet Business partners Yes
Virtual Private Network
• It is used for secure intranet and extranet access applications.
• A VPN is a secure connection between two points across the Internet.
VPN - Layout
TunnelISP ISP
Firewall(data Encoded)
Firewall(data Encoded)
Sending Computer Receiving Computer
Computer Network topology
• A communications network is two or more computers connected to share data and resources are “networked.”
• The simple idea behind computer networking is to allow users to access more information and give them access to devices not directly attached to their “local” system, such as printers or storage devices.
Computer Networks• Network connections can also be made
using RADIO transmission – Wireless.
• Allows user to stay connected to their home/office network using portable PC or PDA or may be Cell phone.
• Two Technologies that use wireless networking – Bluetooth (for home or small office use) and wireless Ethernet.
Local Area Networks- 3 basic topologies
•These are either the logical or physical way the computers are connected.
•Each connection on the network is known as a node.
•These topologies are:• Star• Bus• Ring•Mesh [ Partially connected, Fully connected ]•Tree
A Star topology connects all the nodes directly to the server or to a connecting device such as a hub.
S er v er
All nodes on a Bus topology are connected to a central line or backbone.
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Nodes on a Ring topology are connected in a closed loop. This means that each node has two connections, one in and another out. Using this type of topology the data must travel through all the nodes.
S er v er
Thank You….
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