Transcript
Tel: 01492 879813 Mob: 07984 284642andy.brazier@gmail.comwww.andybrazier.co.uk
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The BasicsHuman Factors and Ergonomics
Andy Brazier
30 minutes
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Ergonomics and Human Factors
What are they?
Same thing or different?
Why are they important?
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Ergonomics
The application of scientific information concerning humans to the design of objects, systems and environment for human use.
The interaction of technology and people
Basic anatomy, physiology and psychology
Objective to achieve:The most productive use of human capabilities
Maintenance of human health and well-being
From the Ergonomics Society website at www.ergonomics.org.uk
The job must ‘fit the person’ and should not compromise human capabilities and limitations.
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Physical demands - musculoskeletal disorders
Psychological demands - stress
Social conditions - job satisfaction
Human error - cause of major accidents.
Human Factors
“Environmental, organisational and job factors, and human and individual characteristics which influence behaviour at work in a way which can
affect health and safety”
HSG48 Reducing error and influencing behaviour
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Human FactorsWhat are people being asked to do(the task and its characteristics)?
Who is doing it (the individual and their competence)?
Where are they working (the organisation and its attributes)?
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There is a large overlap
ErgonomicsHuman capabilities
Hardware design
Work stations
User interfaces
Working environment
Manual handling
Personal safety, health and well being
Human factorsWhole system
Organisation
Culture
Tasks
Errors
Procedures
Training and competence
Major hazard
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Why important?
Up to 80% of accident causes can be attributed to human factors
All major accidents involve a number of human failures
Human factors is concerned withUnderstanding the causes of human failures
Preventing human failures.
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Management of Health & Safety at Work
Regulations (MHSWR, 1992)
“Every employer shall make and give effect to such arrangements as are appropriate, having regard to the nature of his activities and the size of his undertaking, for the effective planning, organisation, control, monitoring and review of the preventative and protective measures” (Regulation 4)
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Robens Report, 1972
“Promotion of health and safety at work is an essential function of good management … Good intentions at the board level are useless if managers further down the chain and closer to what happens on the shop floor remain preoccupied exclusively with production problems”
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Industrial Accident Prevention
“Underlying accident causes are faults of management and supervision plus the unwise methods and procedures that management and supervision fail to correct…”
Heinrich (1931)
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Behavioural safety
Tends to be more concerned withPhysical activities
Personal safety accidents
Failures of people at the sharp end
The premise is that people are free to choose the actions they make
Human factors is based on the principle that people are ‘set up’ to fail
Management and organisational root causes.
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