Transcript
I. BANDAGING
INTRODUCTION
The proper application of bandage can aid materially in the recovery of a patient.
A carelessly or improperly applied bandage can cause discomfort to the patient, and may expose the wound to danger or infection or may put the life of the patient in danger.
USES OF BANDAGE:To hold a dressing in place over a woundTo create pressure over a bleeding wound for
control of hemorrhageTo secure a splint to an injured part of the
bodyTo provide support to an injured part
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF BANDAGING
1.Never apply directly over a woundOnly to hold dressing in place which covers
the wound
2. Apply firmly and fastened securely
> If applied tightly it could stop blood circulation, if loosely, it could slip the dressing out of place
MATERIALS:Gauze-light, soft andporous, can be easily adjustedand appliedMuslin – most commonly
used ; is strong, inexpensive and can be readily obtained, can be easily torn into strips of thedesired width, excellent use for practice
Crinoline – used for making plaster of ParisRubberElastic webbing-used to support a body part
Triangular Bandage Used for the temporary or permanent
bandaging of wounds For the immobilization of fractures and
dislocations As a sling for the support of an injured part
of the body They can be made by simply cutting it
diagonally the 60 inch square of a piece of cloth, thereby, making two triangular bandages
>The longer side of the triangular bandage is called the base with both corners called ends and the corner opposite to the base is called apex.
How to make a cravat:Procedure:
Following the illustration through steps put the apex of the triangular bandage to the middle of the base and continue folding until two (2) inches width is obtained as illustrated.
TYPES OF BANDAGES
1.A. CRAVAT OF HEAD OR EARTo control hemorrhage from wounds of
scalp or to hold dressings on wounds of ear or lower ear
PROCEDURE:STEP – 1
> Cover the wound with a
dressing and place the middle
of the bandage over the
wound as illustrated
STEP – 2
Cross both ends of the
bandage and gently pull
and wrap them in opposite
directions around the head
as illustratedSTEP – 3
As illustrated below, tie both
ends in square knot, making
sure that it is fully tight.
REVIEW:
1.Place middle of cravat over dressing
2.Pass each end completely over head
3.Tie in square knot
B. Triangle of forehead or scalp/head topside
Use to hold dressings on the forehead or scalp
PROCEDURE:STEP – 1
In applying open phase
bandage for the head,
make a hem by folding
about 2 inches from the base
STEP – 2
> With the hem positioned
on the outside, put the
middle portion of the
bandage’s base on the
forehead just half a finger
above the eyebrows,
at the same time allowing
the apex to fall over the head and down over at the back of the head.
STEP – 3
> Put the ends of the
triangular bandage
at the back of the head
of about half of an inch
above the ears, crossing
them over the apex and
bring it back towards the
forehead and tie it in square knot.
STEP – 4
> Firmly hold the compress
portion by a hand with the
other hand gently pulling
down gently the apex
making the compress snug;
then bring the apex up and
tuck it in over and in the bandage
where it should cross at the back
of the head.
2. Triangle of chest or backApplied when there is wound on either
right or left chest of the victimPROCEDURE:STEP – 1
Position the triangular
bandage on the top of
the dressing of the chest
with the apex just below
the armpit.
STEP – 2
> Gently pull the apex and
the other end of the bandage
passing around the armpit
towards the back of the
victim and tie it in square
knot, be sure to leave extra
length for extra tying.
STEP – 3
> Extend the other end
of the bandage at the
top of the shoulder by
tying additional
handkerchief to it in cravat
using square knot.
STEP – 4
> Tie the handkerchief
to the extra remaining
end of either apex or
end corner in square knot.
3. TRIANGULAR ARM SLINGApplied when there is fracture on either left or
right forearm of the victim)PROCEDURE:STEP – 1
> Put the apex of the
triangular bandage
below the armpit with
one of the two (2) ends
at the top of the shoulder.
STEP – 2> Bring the lower ends
of the triangular bandage
(positioned below) over
the arm at the top of the
shoulder around the back
of the neck over
STEP – 3 Tie both ends using the
square knot and twists the
apex and tuck the corner of
the sling at the elbow.
4. UNDER ARMSLINGApplied when there is dislocation on either
left or right elbow of the victim
PROCEDURE:STEP – 1Same with step – 1 of
the arm sling, place the
apex corner of the triangular
bandage below the armpit
with one of the two (2)
ends at the top of the shoulder.
STEP – 2Bring the lower end
of the triangular bandage
over the arm passing
through under the armpit
towards the back of the
neck.
STEP – 3.
> Tie both ends at the bandage using the square knot.
5. Triangle of ELBOWUse to hold dressings around the elbowApplied when there is sprain on either right or
left elbow of the victim
PROCEDURE:STEP – 1 To apply cravat bandage to
the elbow, bend the arm to
approximately 90 degrees
and at the elbow and place the mid-portion
of the cravat bandage at the elbow bringing
and holding the ends of the bandage upwards
as illustrated.
STEP – 2As illustrated, cross both
bandage ends and gently rolled extending both ends downward.
STEP – 3Roll both ends gently
around the arm and pull
both ends opposite the elbow
and tie it in square knot.
6. Triangle of HandApplied when there is burned on the handPROCEDURE:STEP – 1Place the wounded hand
in the middle portion of the triangular
bandage; be sure that the wrist is
aligned at the base of the bandage.
Also, be sure that the finger are
separated from each other by inserting
absorbent materials in between fingers,
the process will prevent the fingers from chaffing and skin
irritation.
STEP – 2
> Cover the fingers by placing
the apex on top of the hand
and tuck the excess parts
of the bandage underneath
the fingers and form pleats
on every side of both ends
as illustrated.
STEP – 3
> Bring one of the ends on
the top of the hand and take
it around the wrist.STEP – 4The same as
step – 3 bring the other
end on the top of the
hand around the wrist.
STEP – 5Tie both ends using the
square knot and hide ends
by inserting it to the bandage.
7. CRAVAT OF KNEEUsed to hold dressings around the kneeApplied when there is wound in either right or
left knee of the victim
PROCEDURE:STEP – 1To apply cravat bandage to
the knee as illustrated below used the same steps and technique applied in bandaging the elbow. Bend the leg to approximately 90 degrees at the knee and place the middle of the cravat bandage at the upper portion of the knee bringing and holding both ends of the bandage downward.
STEP – 2Cross both bandage
ends and gently rolled
extending both ends
downwards.
STEP – 3After rolling the bandage,
at the same time pull both
ends, tie both ends tightly
opposite the knee
in square knot, and tuck
in the remaining ends.
SPLINTINGA splint is a device used for holding a part of
the body stable to decrease pain and prevent further injury.
The purpose of a splint is to hold still and protect a wounded body part from further damage until you get medical help. It is important to check for good circulation after the injured body part has been immobilized.
REMEMBER:DO NOT make any attempts to change the
position of, or realign, an injured body part. Be careful when placing a splint to avoid
causing more injuries. Be sure to pad the splint well to avoid putting
extra pressure on the injured limb.If the injury is more painful after placing the
splint, remove the splint and seek medical assistance immediately
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