Badrinath Ramamurthy Cloud Infrastructure
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© 2009 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The material in this presentation represents the views of the author and do not necessarily represent those of HP.
Infrastructure in the CloudR BadrinathSTSD, HP, Bangalore
2 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Agenda• What is infrastructure in the cloud continuum ?• Challenges• Technologies• Some Problems
3 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore3
Cloud - Third Generation of the Internetreach
1970 1980 20001990 2010time
2005 2020
TheInternet
TheWeb
TheCloud
connectivity
information &e-commerce
virtualized services
4 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
So, What is Cloud Computing?Suitably vague and varied.. Don’t expect to converge! Some attempts:
The 451 Group: “The cloud is IT as a Service, delivered by IT resources that are independent of location”
Gartner: “Cloud computing is a style of computing where massively scalable IT-related capabilities are provided ‘as a service’ across the Internet to multiple external customers”
Forrester: “A pool of abstracted, highly scalable, and managed infrastructure capable of hosting end-customer applications and billed by consumption”
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5 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
The challenge is to do this …• At massive scale
•Millions of users
• With unprecedented flexibility•Mash-ups, aggregation, enhancing services, flexing up
and down, ...•Offering evolving APIs to exploit and extend
• At breakthrough cost levels•Economies of scale, sharing resources and IT expertise •Extreme automation
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6 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Cloud Service Layers
Cloud Infrastructure ServicesExample: Amazon EC2, S3
Cloud Platform ServicesExample: Google App Engine
Cloud Application ServicesExample: SalesForce.com CRM
Physical Infrastructure(not a cloud service)
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Flexible Consumption
…
New Delivery/ Services
7 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Cloud as the Grid/Utility computing extention
HPC Cluster
Grid
Enterprise Grid
Cloud
Eg. ROCKS
Eg. Globus
Eg. GRIA
Virtualization, Automation, …
8 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Technologies for the cloud infrastructure• Virtualization
•Compute•Storage / filesystem•Networking
• Provisioning Automation and Scheduling• SLA Management – storage and network
latencies/bandwidths• Billing and Charging• Data-Center power/cooling/space
9 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Cells as a Service: An infrastructure-level cloud service• An HPL Cloud research
Project• Delivering secure,
isolated virtual infrastructures – Cells –to multiple customers
• Offering enterprise-grade properties
• Running on large-scale physical infrastructures
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10 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
The Cell Service
portalportal management
endpoint
management
endpoint
vnetvnet
vbdvbd
VMVM
vbdvbdvbdvbdvbdvbd
vnetvnet
VMVM
VMVM
internetinternet
infrastructurespecificationand model
management
endpoint
management
endpoint
vbdvbd
vbdvbd
vnetvnet
VMVM
VMVM
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11 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Virtual Networking• Arbitrary connectivity
can be established between virtual machines• Subnets within Cells• Connections between Cells• Connections to external
networks• Network rules determine
which paths are allowed• Both ends must agree
• Network resource (rate) control
• Foundation for Cell isolation
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Network Rules
vnetvnet
vnet
vnet
vnet vnet
12 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Virtual Storage• Cell Management Core
presents storage volumes to VMs
• Tricks behind the scenes:• Copy-on-write layers• Caching on local disk for
volatile or read-only volumes
• Back-ended by a variety of storage technologies
• Storage arrays• Distributed storage
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Physical Machine
Virtual Machines
Host OS & VMM,Cell Management Core
13 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Cells: Not Just the Data Centre
mobile devices
secure boundaries forming
distributed service “cells”
Service ProvidersHome
Enterprises
Network
isolation & communication
policies
Data Centres
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14 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Other Infrastructure Virtualization Examples
• VNET, ViNe.• Amazon – EC2, S3, SBD• Eucalyptus, Nimbus• Caroline
15 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
SLAs in the cloud
Cloud Infrastructure Services
Cloud Platform Services
Cloud Application Services
Physical Infrastructure(not a cloud service)
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Availability
Performance...
Non-Functional
Functional
Requirements
SLAs translate downward connecting
Business to IT
Virtualize
Automate
Data Center
Mgmt
Schedule
Place
Business
Value
16 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Some SLA terms examples• At service usage level (negotiation/agreement terms)
•beginTime, endTime, price, security• At Service Hosting Platform level
•beginTime, endTime, price, security•availability, scalability, flexibility •Hosting performance – TPS, …,
• At infrastructure usage level•beginTime(now?), endTime, price, security•cpuSpeed, cpuCount, …•networkBW, storageBW, latencies, …
17 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
SLA – in the real world• Where SLAs exist, current services are exposed
from fixed platforms• Application model is a real requirement (especially
HPC applications as services)• Translating higher level SLAs to low level SLAs is
non-trivial• Will probably result in limited SLAs from the lower
level or more flexibility in the SLAs at the higher level
18 Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Conclusion• We’ve come some way, yet more to do on
Virtualization.• Need to relate SLAs – big challenge.• Need to rewrite apps
• Great time to be involved in the field
Jan 9, 2009 R. Badrinath, Cloud Computing Symposium, ACM Compute 2009, Bangalore
Thank You.
Questions?
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