ASEAN and overview of Southeast Asia Issues and Challenges

BY: ISABEL Y. TUMARONG

SOUTHEAST ASIA

ASEAN

ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS

ONE VISSION,

ONE IDENTITY,

ONE COMMUNITY

THE ASEAN MEMBER COUNTRIES

The member states…

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM

The Head of State

BRUNEI DARUSSALAM

Head of State : His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah

Capital : Bandar Seri Begawan Language(s) : Malay, English Currency : B$ (Brunei Dollar) Date of membership: January 7,

1984

CAMBODIA

The Chief of State

The Prime Minister

CAMBODIA

Head of State : His Majesty King Norodom Sihamoni

Head of Government : Prime Minister Hun Sen

Capital : Phnom Penh Language : Khmer Currency : Riel Date of membership: April 30, 1999

INDONESIA

The President

INDONESIA

Head of State : President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono

Capital : Jakarta Language : Indonesian Currency : Rupiah Date of membership: August 8, 1967

LAO PDR

The Chief of State The Prime Minister

LAO PDR

Head of State : President Choummaly Sayasone

Head of Government : Prime Minister Thongsing Thammavong

Capital : Vientiane Language : Lao Currency : Kip Date of membership: July 23, 1997

Malaysia

The Prime Minister The Chief of Sate

MALAYSIA

Head of Government : The Honourable Dato' Sri Mohd Najib bin Tun Abdul Razak

chief of state: King Tuanku ABDUL HALIM Mu'adzam Shah

Capital : Kuala Lumpur Language(s) : Malay, English,

Chinese, Tamil Currency : Ringgit Date of membership: August 8, 1967

Myanmar/Burma

The President

MYANMAR/Burma

Head of State : President Thein Sein Capital : Nay Pyi Taw Language : Myanmar Currency : Kyat Date of membership: July 23, 1997

Philippines

The President

PHILIPPINES

Head of State : President Benigno S. Aquino III

Capital : Manila Language(s) : Filipino, English,

Spanish Currency : Peso Date of membership: August 8, 1967

Singapore

The Chief of State The Prime Minister

SINGAPORE

Chief of State : President Tony Tan Keng Yam

Head of Government : Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong

Capital : Singapore Language(s) : English, Malay,

Mandarin, Tamil Currency : S$ (Singapore Dollar) Date of membership: August 8, 1967

Thailand

The Chief of State The Prime Minister

THAILAND

Chief of State : His Majesty King King PHUMIPHON Adunyadet also known as Bhumibol Adulyadej

Head of Government : Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra

Capital : Bangkok Language : Thai Currency : Bah Date of membership: August 8, 1967

Vietnam

The Chief of StateThe Prime Minister

VIETNAM

Chief of State : President Truong Tan SANG 

Head of Government : Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung

Capital : Ha Noi Language : Vietnamese Currency : Dong Date of membership: July 28, 1995

The ASEAN member to be…

Timor-Leste/East Timor

The Chief of State

The Prime Minister

TIMOR LESTE/EAST TIMOR Chief of State: President Taur Matan RUAK Head of Government: Prime Minister Kay Rala

Xanana GUSMAO  Capital: Dili Language(s): Tetum (official), Portuguese

(official), Indonesian, English Currency: Officially applied on March 4, 2011

http://www.asean.org/asean/asean-member-states

THE ASSOCIATION OF SOUTEAST ASIAN NATIONS… 8 August 1967, Bangkok, Thailand Founding Fathers:1.  Indonesia2. Malaysia3. Philippines4. Singapore 5. Thailand.

The ASEAN Charter

It serves as a firm foundation in achieving the ASEAN Community by providing legal status and institutional framework for ASEAN.

It also codifies ASEAN norms, rules and values; sets clear targets for ASEAN; and presents accountability and compliance.

Aims and purposes:

1. To accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region.

2. To promote regional peace and stability.

3. To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on matters of common interest in the economic, social, cultural, technical, scientific and administrative fields

4. To provide assistance to each other.

5. To collaborate more effectively…

6. To promote Southeast Asian studies.7. To maintain close and beneficial

cooperation with existing international and regional organizations with similar aims and purposes, and explore all avenues for even closer cooperation among themselves.

Fundamental Principles:

1. Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity, and national identity of all nations;

2. The right of every State to lead its national existence free from external interference, subversion or coercion;

3. Non-interference in the internal affairs of one another;

4. Settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful manner;

5. Renunciation of the threat or use of force; and

6. Effective cooperation among themselves

The ASEAN Community…

The ASEAN Vision 2020 ASEAN as a concert of

Southeast Asian nations outward looking, living in

peace, stability and prosperity bonded together in

partnership in dynamic development and in a community of caring societies

At the 9th ASEAN Summit in 2003 ASEAN Community shall be

established. At the 12th ASEAN Summit in

January 2007, the Leaders affirmed their strong commitment to accelerate the establishment of an ASEAN Community by 2015 and signed the Cebu Declaration on the Acceleration of the Establishment of an ASEAN Community by 2015.

The Three Pillars of ASEAN Community…

ASEAN Political-Security Community The APSC shall aim to ensure that

countries in the region live at peace with one another and with the world in a just, democratic and harmonious environment

Components: political development; shaping and sharing of norms; conflict prevention; conflict resolution; post-conflict peace building; and implementing mechanisms.

APSC Video

ASEAN Economic Community

 (AEC) shall be the goal of regional economic integration by 2015.

Characteristics: (a) a single market and production base, (b) a highly competitive economic region, (c) a region of equitable economic development, and (d) a region fully integrated into the global economy.

AEC Video

ASEAN Socio-Cultural CommunityThe ASEAN Socio-Cultural

Community aims to contribute to realizing an ASEAN Community that is people-oriented and socially responsible with a view to achieving enduring solidarity and unity among the peoples and Member States of ASEAN.

ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community

It seeks to forge a common identity and build a caring and sharing society which is inclusive and where the well-being, livelihood, and welfare of the peoples are enhanced.

ASCC Video

The ASEAN Secretary General The Secretary-General of ASEAN is appointed by the ASEAN Summit for a non-renewable term of office of five years, selected from among nationals of the ASEAN Member States based on alphabetical rotation. 

The Secretary-General of ASEAN 2013 -2017 is H.E. Le Luong Minh from Viet Nam, declared on Jan. 9, 2013

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF ASEAN ASEAN Economic Community ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM) ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA Council) ASEAN Ministers on Energy Meeting

(AMEM) ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on

Agriculture and Forestry (AMAF) ASEAN Finance Ministers Meeting

(AFMM) ASEAN Investment Area (AIA) Council ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Minerals

(AMMin)

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF ASEAN ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Science

and Technology (AMMST) ASEAN Mekong Basin Development

Cooperation (AMBDC) ASEAN Transport Ministers Meeting (ATM) ASEAN Telecommunications and IT

Ministers Meeting (TELMIN) ASEAN Tourism Ministers Meeting (M-

ATM) Initiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI) and

Narrowing the Development Gap (NDG) Sectoral Bodies under the Purview of AEM

The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA

ASEAN Member Countries have made significant progress in the lowering of intra-regional tariffs through the Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) Scheme for AFTA.

The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA

More than 99 percent of the products in the CEPT Inclusion List (IL) of ASEAN-6 have been brought down to the 0-5 percent tariff range.

ASEAN Trade with Selected Trading Partners

The United States, the European Union and Japan continued to be ASEAN’s largest export markets. Japan, followed by the U.S. and EU, were the largest sources of ASEAN imports.

During the first half of 2002-2003, ASEAN-6 trade with major markets as a whole increased by 11.71 percent for exports and 6.91 percent for imports.

Are you ready to be an “ASEAN People”?

THE ASEAN 2015 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

THE CHALLENGES…

Challenges

1.Entry of import products. deluge of products Threat to manufacturers2. The challenge of scaling the

business. How to compete Acquire more capital

Challenges

3. The need to be efficient. technology advancement4. The challenge to increase productivity.

Retooling Retraining

Challenges

5. The need for speed. 6. The challenge to innovate.

Research and developmentMarket and researchNew technologies for

production

THE OPPORTUNITIES…

Opportunities

1.Access to a bigger market. 2.Supply of human capital.

The Southeast Asia’s Issues and challenges

Issues and challenges

Health and Sanitation

Health and Sanitation

In Southeast Asia, 7 out of 10 people without access to improved sanitation and drinking water facilities live in rural areas.

Southeast Asian region as a whole is on-rack to meet the sanitation MDG target. 2006: 378 million people (67%) had

access to improved facilities and population without access had decreased by 32 million since 1990.

Health and Sanitation

However, 1 in 5 people (102 million) are still continue practice open defecation.

Issues and challenges

Poverty

Poverty

The Southeast Asia is the only developing region that reached the hunger reduction target ahead of 2015 deadline.

The proportion of undernourished people in the total population has decreased from 29.6% IN 1990-1992 to 10.9% in 2010-2012.

Poverty

Poverty

Issues and challenges

Prone to natural calamities

Prone to natural calamities

Issues and challenges

Political Challenges: Internal political challengesPolitical transitionEthnic violence

Issues and challenges

inter-state conflicts/territorial disputes

Thai-Cambodian border disputeMyanmarese refugees and ThailandDispute over Ambalat block between

Indonesia and Malaysia

Issues and challenges

Water conflict between Singapore and malaysia

Mekong crisisThe South China sea dispute ASEAN and regional security

Thank You!!!