Ancient Greek Art Part 3. Classical Sculpture 480-320 BCE.
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Ancient Greek Art
Part 3
Classical Sculpture
480-320 BCE
Classical Sculpture Key Ideas
• Contrapposto – Innovation in stance of sculpture
• Idealized form in a naturalistic, but general manner
• Classical canon of proportion developed by Polykleitos (head is 1/7 size of body)
• Late period (Praxiteles as most prominent sculptor) made head 1/8 of body
Kritios Boy, marble.
• Transition piece from Archaic to Classical
• Named after artist• Introduction of
contrapposto!!!• Body turned slightly, while
head turns slightly the other way, leading viewer’s eyes to move over statue
How is this different than the Archaic style?
• Point out as many differences as possible.
The Discus Thrower, Myron, marble copy of bronze original
• Movement capture mid-swing
• Frontal view• Idealized heroic body• Pose looks pleasing, but
can’t throw that way!• Expressionless face
Spear Bearer, Polykleitos, marble copy from bronze original
• Alternating tense/relaxed• Closed composition• Broad shoulders• Canon of proportions• He ignores your attention• Warrior/athlete• Spartan ideal
Warrior, bronze
Nike Adjusting Her Sandal, marble
• From Temple of Athena Nike
• High relief (not in the round)
• Not nude, but suggestion of form under wet drapery
Aphrodite of Knidos, Praxiteles, marble copy
• Meant to be viewed voyeuristically
• S-curves of body• Sensual nude, innovative
for female nudity
Scraper, Lysippos, marble copy from bronze original
• Only sculptor known to be chosen by Alexander the Great to create his portrait
• Athlete scraping off oil and dirt after competition
• Arms extend into space• lanky body• Smaller head• Torsion, twisting of knee• Breaks from frontal
viewing
Hellenistic Art
320-30 BCE
Hellenistic Sculpture Key Ideas
• Focus shifts to the emotion of the individual• Expressionism• Use of negative space• Intended to be viewed from all sides• More movement, twisting forms
Gallic Chieftain Killing His Wife and Himself, marble copy after bronze original
• Enemy leader kills his wife, then himself
• Twisting• Emotional• Heroic• Hair is disheveled• Barbarians
Dying Gaul, marble copy of bronze original
• Trumpeter/soldier collapsing and near death
• Viewed from all around• Blood oozes form wound• Barbarian foe seen as heroic –
heightens the victory• Great emotion• Realistic• Twisting• Compare to archaic dying
warrior
Nike of Samothrace, marble.
• Once part of a fountain• Wet drapery look• Commemorates naval victory• Dramatic twisting of torso• contrapposto
Aphrodite of Melos (Venus de Milo), marble
• Reminiscent of classical, but turning form of Hellenistic
• Nude• Erotic• S- curves• One hand held an apple (her
symbol)
Laocoon, Rhodes Sculptors, marble
• Trojan priest who attempted to warn Troy about the horse – punished by the gods who supported the Greeks
• Emotional, high drama• Twisting forms• Mostly frontal, but can be
viewed from any angle• Curved forms make your eye
wander• Tremendous negative space
More Hellenistic
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