American Mobilization

American MobilizationObjective… Describe how the U.S. government

prepared civilians for the war.

Mobilizing hearts & minds with propaganda…

13) The Committee for Public Information (CPI)…

• “Creel Committee” techniques…

The CPI encourages patriotic organizations…

– The American Protective League – The American Defense Society

• Looking for traitors they tapped phones & opened mail

• They targeted anyone who questioned government policy.

CPI: The Four-Minute Men• A volunteer group• 75,000 members• Presented speeches in 5,200 communities • Made 755,190 speeches

• Movies were produced picturing the Germans as evil monsters…– The Claws of the Hun,– The Prussian Cur, – The Kaiser, the Beast of Berlin

CPI & Hollywood

Anti–German hysteria…• No German in schools• Hostility against German• German books & music banned…• Name changes…

Sauerkraut…Dauschund…Hamburger…Frankfurter…

Treatment of German Americans…• Lost jobs• Public humiliation….

-Kiss the American flag -Recite the Pledge of

Allegiance-Buy war bonds.

14) Why do Progressivessupport the war?(Progressives – A person advocating social

reform or new, liberal ideas.)

15) Why do women’s organizations support the war?...

American MobilizationObjective… Describe how the U.S.

government mobilized soldiers for the war.

“You’re in the Army Now”

16) The Selective Service Act…

“Woefully unprepared”

The Selective Service Act…• Men: 21-30… Extended to 18-45• 24M registered… 3M drafted

Camp Dodge, Iowa 18,000 men preparing for WWI

Racism in the Military 18) Describe the circumstances under which

African Americans served in the United States military during World War I.

• 400,000 Blacks served in WW I –• Segregated military service• 10% assigned to combat • 1,300 officers… 1% of all officers• Verbal abuse & racial slurs

19) General “Blackjack” Pershing

A.E.F…

“Doughboys”…

20) What did Americans initially expect their role to be in W WI?

Why do we become fully engaged in the war?

American MobilizationObjective… Describe the military situation on

the western front in 1917.

Fighting on the western front from 1914 to 1917...

• “the most gigantic, tenacious, grim, futile and bloody fight ever waged in the history of war.”

… David Lloyd George

• Trench warfare… “cold, wet, lice ridden”

“fear, exhaustion, fatigue”

Shell shock/ PTSD victims….

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cc7ehb8agWY

A quick review of the Shell Shock Article….

Row 1: Identify alternative names for shell shock.Row 2: What caused shell shock if you didn’t get it from front line action?Row 2: What are the earliest beliefs about shell shock?Row 3: What are the symptoms of shell shock?Row 4: How were the earliest victims treated?Row 4: What was the miracle cure?Row 5: What was the military's attitude toward shell shock?

…Why did the military take such a hard stand?

Objective... Describe the medical condition know as shell shock.

The Western Front Stalemate

No mans land…

“Trench foot”…

American Mobilization

Objective…Identify the “new weapons of war.”

“necessity is the mother of invention”

WW I Tank

Machine Guns – 90% of the soldiers in combat were killed by machine guns.

Long range artillery…

WW I “train gun”…

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-QX_SZwDeE

Combat aircraft: The WW I biplane –

The Flamethrower

Depth charges…

Gas attacks (Chlorine, Phosphegene & Mustard) – German were the first to use gas warfare.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=uP_0DkpFOKs Color video of WW I fighting

American MobilizationObjective… Describe the military situation on

the eastern front in 1917.

Why do the Russian people revolt?...

Vladimir Lenin…What effect did the Russian Revolution have on World War I?

Allied Powers: Mobilization, Dead, Wounded & Casualties

Country Dead Tot. Casual./ % of Mobilized Wounded

Russia 12m 1.7m 5.0m 9.2m/ 76%France 8.4m 1.4m 4.3m 6.2m/ 73%Britain 8.9m 900k 2.1m 3.2m/ 36%Italy 5.6m 650k 947k 2.2m/ 39%USA 4.4m 126k 234k 350k/ 8%

Central Powers Mobilization, Dead, Wounded & Casualties

Country Dead Tot. Casual./ % M Mobilized Wounded

Germany 11m 1.8 4.2 7.1m/ 65%Aust-H 7.8m 1.2m 3.6m 7m/ 90%Turkey 2.8m 325k 400k 1m/ 34%Bulgaria 1.2m 87.5k 152k 267k/ 22%