Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

1 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

JIXLPIAXJOIAE LIMJILLPJIM FOIMPLVV

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz A~~ejfaxjoiv

^a~lp oi

^AVVJWL VOEAP VZVXLK AV A V\VXAJIA@EL

VO\PFL OG AEXLPIAXJWL LILPMZ

A|xbop4

Kp) Daza`aeadj VaxbjzakoopxbjKavxlp Vx|hlix\ijwlpvjxz og A~~ejlh Vfjlifl% Lkhli% Mlpkaizdaz`llvaxbzaNmkaje)fok

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

0 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

XA@EL OG FOIXLIXV

1) JIXPOH\FXJOI ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 6

0) ILLH GOP AEXLPIAXJWL LILPMZ)))))) ))))))))))))) )))))))))))))) )))))))))))) )))))))))))))) ))))))))))))) )))))))))))) )))))))))))))) ) 8

6) VOEAP LILPMZ XLFBIJQ\LV)))))))))))) )))))))))))))) ))))))))))))) )))))))))))))) )))))))))))) ))))))))))))) )))))))))))))) ))))))))))))) ))) 7

6)1) VOEAP LILPMZ @AVJFV )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))76)0) \IJXVOGVOEAPLILPMZ ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))=6)6) VOEAP LILPMZ GOP BLAXJIM ]AXLP)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))26)8) AFXJWLAIH^AVVJWLVOEAPVZVXLKV))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))):6)

8) ^AVVJWL VOEAP VZVXLKV )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 10

8)1) ^AVVJWL VOEAP @\JEHJIMV )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 168)0) ^AVVJWL BLAXJIM VZVXLK FBAPAFXLPJVXJFV )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))16

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

6 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

^avvjwl Voeap Vzvxlk av a v|vxajia`el vo|pfl og

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz

1) Jixpoh|fxjoi

Iax|pl bav i|px|plh b|kai pafl gop flix|pjlv }jxb jxv akatjim plvo|pflv av gooh% feoxb aih

vblexlp) Av xbl b|kaiv lwoewl gpok Vxoil Aml xo xbl Kohlpi Aml% xbl illhv apl k|exj~ejlh

aih vo xbl ejgl vxzel) Xbjv jv lwjhlix gpok o|p haz xo haz ejgl% }bjfb jv lq|j~~lh }jxb

vo~bjvxjfaxjoi ji xlpkv og xbl bo|vlv }l ejwl% xbl fapv }l hpjwl% xbl jih|vxpjlv }l bawl% xbl~poh|fxv }l kai|gafx|pl aih xbl ahwaiflklixv ji vfjlifl aih xlfbioeomz aplia) Xbl

foiv|k~xjoi paxl og xbl lilpmz plvo|pflv bav k|exj~ejlh vlwlpae goehv) Xbjv lwlix|aeez elh xo

xbl pjvl ji oje ~pjflv3 plvlpwlv og oje% foae aih iax|pae mav apl `ljim hl~elxlh3 aih xbl

foixji|lh |vl og ioi+plil}a`el g|lev ~ovlv xbplaxv xo xbl liwjpoiklix) Vo xbl xo~jf og

lr~eopjim Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz majiv liopko|v gof|v aih axxlixjoi) Ji+gafx kaiz }opeh

elahlpv% `|vjilvv elahlpv aih liwjpoiklixaejvxv bawl plflixez lifo|pamlh xbl hlwleo~klix og

aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz plvo|pflv)

Plflix zlapv xbl plil}a`el lilpmz plvo|pflv ejcl v|i ejmbx% }jih% paji% xjhlv aih mloxblpkae

blax apl xbl jk~opxaix apliav og xbl aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz) Ji 0>>7% a`o|x 12, og meo`ae gjiae

lilpmz foiv|k~xjoi fakl gpok plil}a`el lilpmz vo|pflv av amajivx 16, fokjim gpok

xpahjxjoiae `jokavv) Ji xbjv ~a~lp% xbl jhla og |vjim ~avvjwl voeap vzvxlk av a v|vxajia`el

vo|pfl og aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz aih xbl hjgglplix klxbohv og mlilpaxjim aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz |vjim

~avvjwl voeap vzvxlk }jee `l hjvf|vvlh)

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

8 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

0) Illh gop Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz

Xbl }opehv foiv|k~xjoi og ioi+plil}a`el lilpmz vo|pflv bawl pajvlh xo a karjk|k

xbplvboeh) Av xbl `|vjilvv kohlev apl mlxxjim kopl aih kopl meo`aejvlh% kacjim |v xo glle

}opeh jv d|vx a vkaee wjeeaml) Vo xbl moohv aih vlpwjflv apl awajea`el xo aizoil gpok

aiz}blpl ji xbl }opeh% oi ai awlpaml xblvl bj+xlfb moohv aih ~poh|fxv xpawle x}jfl xbl meo`l

`lgopl jx plafb |v) Xblvl ~blioklioiv bawl mpah|aeez hl~elxjim xbl ioi+plil}a`el lilpmz

vo|pfl aih kjmpaxl xo plil}a`el lilpmz vo|pflv)

Plil}a`el lilpmz ji vjk~elp xlpkv jv xbl lilpmz mlilpaxlh gpok iax|pae plvo|pflvv|fb av

v|iejmbx% }jih% paji% xjhlv aih mloxblpkae blax) Aee xblvl vo|pflv apl plil}a`el op iax|paeez

pl~elijvblh }jxb a elavx hakaml xo xbl liwjpoiklix)

Xbl jk~opxaix q|lvxjoi jv }jee plil}a`el lilpmz vo|pflv }jee kacl ai aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz

vo|pfl? Elx |v gjih o|x `z lwae|axjim `oxb og xblvl plvo|pflv) ]bli fok~apjim xbl ~poflvvlv

gop ~poh|fjim lilpmz% xblpl plkaji vlwlpae g|ihaklixae hjgglpliflv `lx}lli plil}a`el

lilpmz aih govvje g|lev) Xbl ~poflvv og ~poh|fjim oje% foae% op iax|pae mav g|le jv a fbaeelimjim

aih hlkaihjim ~poflvv xbax plq|jplv a mplax hlae og fok~elr lq|j~klix% ~bzvjfae aih

fblkjfae ~poflvvlv) Oi xbl oxblp baih% plil}a`el lilpmz fai `l }jhlez ~poh|flh }jxb `avjf

lq|j~klix aih iax|paeez `avjf ~poflvvlv) Bo}lwlp% xblpl illhv vokl o~xjkjtaxjoi xlfbijq|lv

xbax illhv xo `l hoil }jxb xblvl plil}a`el lilpmz ~poh|fxjoi xo kajixaji aih |xjejtl xbl

mlilpaxlh lilpmz)

Xbl ilflvvjxz og gjihjim v|vxajia`el aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz vo|pfl gop xbl g|x|pl mlilpaxjoi bav

fokl) Kovx og xbl iaxjoiv bawl |ihlpvxooh xbl illh h|l xo xbl fejkaxl fbaiml% jifplavl ji oje

~pjflv lxf)% blifl xbl jiwlvxklix oi aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz bawl k|exj~ejlh vlwlpae goeh) Gop

jivxaifl% @patje bav oil og xbl eapmlvx plil}a`el lilpmz ~pompakv ji xbl }opeh% jiwoewjim

~poh|fxjoi og lxbaioe g|le gpok v|map fail% aih lxbaioe io} ~powjhlv 12 ~lpflix og xbl

fo|ixpz-v a|xokoxjwl g|le)

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

< u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Jx jv xo `l ioxlh xbax kovx plil}a`el lilpmz ~podlfxv aih ~poh|fxjoi jv eapml+vfael% plil}a`el

xlfbioeomjlv apl aevo v|jxlh xo vkaee ogg+mpjh a~~ejfaxjoiv% voklxjklv ji p|pae aih plkoxl

aplav% }blpl lilpmz jv ogxli fp|fjae ji b|kai hlwleo~klix)

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz bav xbl ahwaixamlv og `ljim ioi+~oee|xjoi% elvv fovx xbo|mb xblpl jv aijijxjae jiwlvxklix* aih jihl~lihlix og a ~oejxjfaeez foixpoeelh lilpmz vo|pflv v|fb av xbl

lelfxpjf mpjh op oje) Xbjv vleg+v|ggjfjlifz bav jk~opxaix jk~ejfaxjoiv av xbl kohlpi }opeh

foklv xo |ihlpvxaih xbl lp|~xjwl haimlp og lilpmz hl~lihlifl)

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

7 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

6) Voeap Lilpmz Xlfbijq|lv

Voeap lilpmz xlfbijq|lv |vl xbl v|iejmbx av xbl ~pjifj~el vo|pfl og lilpmz) Voeap lilpmz bav

`lfokl wlpz ~o~|eap aih mpa``lh ~|`ejf axxlixjoi ji plflix zlapv av jx jv |ihlpvxooh xbax xbl

~jfx|pl og govvje g|le foiv|k~xjoi jv ejkjxlh) Jx jv a~~aplix xbax xbl ~plvlix lilpmz lq|axjoi jv

iox `aeaiflh) \vjim |~ lilpmz plvlpwlv jv ai |ixlia`el vjx|axjoi aih xbl jk`aeaifl jv

plgelfxlh ji o|p hjvlavlh `jov~blpl) Xo `l ji `aeaifl% kai faiiox plez oi lilpmz xbax jv iox

vleg+plil}jim) Aexlpiaxl lilpmz vo|pflv% avjhl gpok `ljim vleg+plil}jim

Voeap blaxjim vzvxlkv kaz `l ljxblp afxjwl op ~avvjwl) Afxjwl vzvxlkv |vl gaiv aih ~|k~v xo

kowl xbl blax a`o|x) ^avvjwl vzvxlkv |vl io gopkv og lilpmz oxblp xbai v|i ~o}lp% xblz apl

kopl a~~po~pjaxl gop hlwleo~jim fo|ixpjlv)

6)1) Voeap Lilpmz @avjfv

Voeap lilpmz jv jixlivl pahjaxjoi lilpmz ~poh|flh `z xblpkoi|felap plafxjoi ji xbl v|i) Jx

xaclv a~~porjkaxlez ljmbx kji|xlv gop a ~afclx og ejmbx xo plafb lapxbv v|pgafl) Xbjv lilpmz

fai `l fa~x|plh aih foiwlpxlh jixo x}o kadop |vlg|e gopkv4 Blax aih Lelfxpjfjxz

Xbl ako|ix og lilpmz fa~x|plh hl~lihv oi mlompa~bjfae eofaxjoi aih ako|ix ogpahjaxjoi vo|pfl awajea`el

Xbl ako|ix og lilpmz jv mplaxlvx ji agxlpiooi fok~aplh xo kopijim aih lwlijimxjklv

Io v|pwjwae jv ~ovvj`el }jxbo|x vokl v|i ejmbx gop aee ejwjim opmaijvkv plavoiv aevo}bz xbl }axlp jv xpaiv~aplix gop ble~jim aq|axjf aijkaev

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

= u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Fo|pxlvz4 V|iEjil Xpaivjx Amlifz

6)0) \IJXV OG VOEAP LILPMZ

CJEO ]AXX BO\P ^LP VQ\APL KLXLP

^boxo+Woexajf ^W* fleev apl |vlh gop mlilpaxjim lelfxpjfjxz gpok voeap pahjaxjoi) Jx jv

ogxli pl~plvlixlh |vjim cjeo}axx+bo|p ~lp vq|apl klxlp C]b/k0* op ]axx ~lp vq|apl

klxlp ]/k0* Xbl lilpmz foeelfxlh `z ~boxo woexajf jv mlilpaeez ji HF kohl)

\vjim ai JIWLPXLP% jx jv foiwlpxlh xo AF kohl gop hoklvxjf a~~ejfaxjoiv) A vjimel

^W koh|el fai mlilpaxl `lx}lli 1> xo 6>> }axxv)

@PJXJVB XBLPKAE \IJX

Voeap lilpmz |vlh gop }axlp aih v~afl blaxjim a~~ejfaxjoi jv mlilpaeez pl~plvlixlh ji

@pjxjvb xblpkae |ijxv ~lp vq|apl gllx @X\/gx0* @avlh oi xz~l og foeelfxop |vlh% xbl

q|aixjxz og }axlp op v~afl* xo `l blaxlh wapjlv Av a xb|k` p|el 0> vq|apl gllx 0

vq|apl klxlpv* og voeap ~aile jv ilflvvapz gop blaxjim apo|ih xo 7> \V maeeoiv

1:> xo 06> ejxplv* og }axlp) Gop lwlpz ahhjxjoiae gakjez klk`lp% ahh 2 xo 1> vq|apl

gllx >)=6 xo 1 vq|apl klxlp* og voeap ~aile) Xbl xaic vjtl vbo|eh `l affophjimez

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

2 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

jifplavlh) Gop lwlpz vq|apl gllx og ~aile apla% foivjhlp 1)< maeeoiv >, `lfa|vl4

^lpflixaml og blax xpaivkjxxlh hl~lihv oi aimel og jifjhlifl

I|k`lp og meavv vbllxv vjimel meavv vbllx xpaivkjxv :>+:>> klma}axxv og lilpmz aii|aeezlq|jwaelix xo lejkjiaxjim xbl lkjvvjoiv gpok x}o klhj|k vjtlh foae `|pijim ~o}lp~eaixv

@z |vjim voeap }axlp blaxjim owlp mav }axlp blaxlp% kopl xbai 6>, lilpmzfoivlpwaxjoi fai `l afbjlwlh

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

: u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Aexbo|mb xbl jijxjae jivxaeeaxjoi jv a fok~elr ~poflvv% xbl blaxjim vzvxlk vawlvfoiwlixjoiae lilpmz ji eoim p|i

VOEAP+XBLPKAE LELFXPJFJXZ4 ^O]LP XO]LPV

Mlilpae jhla jv xo foeelfx xbl ejmbx gpok kaiz plgelfxopv v~plah owlp a eapml apla ax oilflixpae ~ojix xo afbjlwl bjmb xlk~lpax|pl)

Lrak~el jv xbl 1>+K] voeap ~o}lp ~eaix ji @apvxo}% Faejgopija bawjim 1:>>blejovxaxv% lafb klav|pjim 8>> vq|apl gllx }jxb a 0:< gllx flixpae xo}lp

Ai lilpmz vxopaml vzvxlk aeeo}v jx xo mlilpaxl = K] og lelfxpjf ~o}lp

Fa~jxae fovx jv mplaxlp xbai foae gjplh ~o}lp ~eaix% hlv~jxl xbl io fovx gop g|le% avbhjv~ovae% aih vxafc lkjvvjoiv

Fa~jxae fovxv apl lr~lfxlh xo hlfejil av kopl aih kopl ~o}lp xo}lpv apl `|jex }jxbmplaxlp xlfbioeomjfae ahwaiflv

Oil }az xo plh|fl fovx jv xo |vl xbl }avxl vxlak gpok xbl x|p`jil gop v~afl blaxjim opoxblp jih|vxpjae ~poflvvlv)

6)8) AFXJWL AIH ^AVVJWL VOEAP VZVXLKV

Ai afxjwl voeap vzvxlk jv hlgjilh av oil xbax plejlv xo vokl lrxlix oi foiwlixjoiae lilpmz xo

o~lpaxl) Xbjv jk~ejlv xbax xbl ahhlh foiwlixjoiae lilpmz jv illhlh xo jih|fl xbl lelklixv ji

xbl vzvxlk xo ~lpgopk ji a }az xbax jv fo|ixlp xo xbljp iax|pae ~po~livjxjlv% v|fb av xo kacl

box ajp geo} ho}i}aph aih foeh ajp |~}aph) Afxjwl vzvxlkv apl iox a~~plfja`ez hjgglplix ji

lggjfjlifz xo ~avvjwl oilv aih apl aekovx ae}azv kopl fok~elr% kopl lr~livjwl aih kopl

v|`dlfx xo `placho}i `lfa|vl og kowjim ~apxv aih ~o}lp gaje|pl) Xbl d|vxjgjfaxjoi gop afxjwl

vzvxlkv og xbl ~avx jv xbax ~avvjwl xlfbioeomz }av iox zlx |ihlpvxooh) Aih xbl kaji

jk~opxaifl og afxjwl vzvxlkv ax ~plvlix jv gop plxpogjxxjim kaiz og xbl lrjvxjim vxp|fx|plv xbax

kaz iox `l a`el xo jifop~opaxl ~avvjwl ~pjifj~elv)

Hjplfx Foiwlpvjoi jixo Lelfxpjfjxz

^boxowoexajf fleev apl fa~a`el og hjplfxez foiwlpxjim v|iejmbx jixo lelfxpjfjxz)

A vjk~el }aglp og vjejfoi }jxb }jplv axxafblh xo xbl eazlpv) F|pplix jv ~poh|flh `avlhoi xz~lv og vjejfoi i aih ~+xz~lv* |vlh gop xbl eazlpv) Lafb flee;>)< woexv)

@axxlpz illhlh av vxopaml Bjmblp xbl ~o}lp% bjmblp }jee `l xbl `axxlpz fa~afjxz

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

1> u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Io kowjim ~apxv klai xblz hoix }lap o|x) @|x `lfa|vl xblz apl lr~ovlh xo xbl}laxblp% xbljp ejglv~ai jv a`o|x 0> zlapv)

6)F xo18, ax 1>>F)*

]jxb ~po~lp hlvjmijim% xbl lelfxpjfjxz mlilpaxlh gpok voeap lilpmz fai ejmbx |~ lixjplbo|vl

Xbl voeap lilpmz jv iojvl gpll% ~oee|xjoi gpll% aih kajixliaifl gpll

Holv iox plgelfx xbl xp|l fovxv og `|pijim foae aih jxv lkjvvjoiv xo xbl ioi+~oee|xjimklxboh og xbl eaxxlp)

\ihlpezjim ~po`elk jv }ljmbjim lggjfjlifz amajivx fovx)

Fpzvxaeejil vjejfoi+kopl lggjfjlix `|x lr~livjwl xo kai|gafx|pl

Akop~bo|v vjejfoi+ Baeg av lggjfjlix `|x lr~livjwl xo ~poh|fl

Xbl fovx og ~o}lp mlilpaxjoi }jee `l xbpll xo go|p xjklv foiwlixjoiae klxboh }jxb~plvlix haz xlfbioeomjlv

Ax ~plvlix% voeap blaxjim vzvxlk fok~oilixv apl lr~livjwl

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

11 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Apm|klix xbax v|i ~powjhlv ~o}lp oiez h|pjim xbl haz jv fo|ixlplh `z xbl gafx xbax=>, og lilpmz hlkaih jv h|pjim hazxjkl bo|pv) Ax ijmbx% xpahjxjoiae klxbohv fai `l|vlh xo mlilpaxl xbl lelfxpjfjxz

Moae jv xo hlfplavl hl~lihlifl oi govvje g|lev

F|pplixez% =

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

10 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

8) ^avvjwl Voeap Vzvxlkv

A ~avvjwl vzvxlk jv hlgjilh av oil }bjfb o~lpaxlv lixjplez oi xbl plil}a`el lilpmz awajea`el

ji xbl jkklhjaxl liwjpoiklix) Avjhl gpok xbl kai|gafx|pl og xbl opjmjiae lq|j~klix% }bjfb

ji kovx favlv }jee plq|jpl ax elavx vokl ioi+plil}a`el lilpmz% xbl ~avvjwl vzvxlkv apl ji

`aeaifl) Xblz hoix |vl |~ plvo|pflv) Ji kovx favlv xbl vzvxlkv fai `l foivxp|fxlh og

liwjpoiklixaeez felai kaxlpjaev v|fb av meavv% aho`l% pofc% }axlp aih jpoi) Xbl o~lpaxjoi og

~avvjwl vzvxlkv xaclv ahwaixaml og xbl iax|pae fbapafxlpjvxjf og kaxlpjaev% v|fb av xbl

foiwlfxjwl geo} og ajp aih }axlp% xbl a`vop`jim fa~afjxz og hapc foeo|pv aih hlivl kaxlpjaev%

blax+vopxjim ~po~lpxjlv og hlivl kaxlpjaev aih }axlp% aih xbl ~oop blax foih|fxjwjxz og

jiv|eaxjim kaxlpjaev) \ihlpvxaihjim xblvl ~po~lpxjlv aeeo}v xbl hlvjmilp xo appaiml xblk ji

v|fb a gavbjoi xbax xblz ~lpgopk affophjim xo xbl blaxjim aih fooejim plq|jplklixv og xbl

bo|vl mjwli xbl v|i av a blax vo|pfl aih xbl ijmbx vcz av a blax vjic)

Gpok xbl lapejlvx hlwleo~klix og voeap xlfbioeomz jx }av |ihlpvxooh xbax xo blax a bo|vl

ahlq|axlez oil k|vx ~lpgopk xblvl g|ifxjoiv3 foeelfx xbl v|i-v blax% vxopl jx% aih plelavl jx ji a

|vlg|e }az) Xbjv ~pok~xlh xbl hlwleo~klix og voeap foeelfxopv% blax vxopaml |ijxv aih

pahjaxopv op box ajp foixpoev av vl~apaxl |ijxv) Vjifl xbl foeelfxopv }lpl |v|aeez oi xbl poog%

aih xbl blax vxopaml |ijxv ji xbl bo|vl `leo}% a gai op ~|k~ }av plq|jplh xo koxjwaxl xbl

fjpf|eaxjoi og xbl blax xpaiv~opxjim ge|jh) Xb|v xblvl vzvxlkv `lfakl |ih|ez fok~elr%

lr~livjwl% |ivjmbxez aih hl~lihlix oi xbl lilpmz mpjh xo o~lpaxl)

A kopl vo~bjvxjfaxlh aih gap fbla~lp voe|xjoi ~plvlixlh jxvleg av xbl iax|pl og blax aih jxv

pleaxjoivbj~ xo `|jehjim kaxlpjaev }av `lxxlp |ihlpvxooh) Xbl xbpll g|ifxjoiv og foeelfxjim%

vxopjim aih |vjim xbl v|i-v blax }lpl jixlmpaxlh jixo aih }lpl jihjvxjim|jvba`el gpok xbl wlpz

vxp|fx|pl og xbl bo|vl) Vjifl v|fb a vzvxlk plq|jplv io g|pxblp hlwjflv op ~o}lp xo o~lpaxl% jx

jv xlpklh av ~avvjwl

Voeap lilpmz bav `lli hlgjilh av a "Vogx" xlfbioeomz av o~~ovlh xo3 vaz gop jivxaifl% "baph"

i|felap xlfbioeomz) ^avvjwl voeap blaxjim jv ax xbl vogx lih og voeap xlfbioeomz) Aioxblp }az

og ~|xxjim jx jv4 ~avvjwl voeap xlfbioeomz jv xbl xz~l kovx hjplfxez fo|~elh xo xbl v|i aih jv

elavx hakamjim xo xbl liwjpoiklix% `lfa|vl jx xaclv xbl ~pjifj~el og |vjim plil}a`el lilpmz

xo jxv eomjfae lrxplkl)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

13/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

16 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

8)1) ^avvjwl voeap `|jehjimv

A ~avvjwl voeap `|jehjim jv oil xbax hlpjwlv a v|`vxaixjae gpafxjoi og jxv blax gpok xbl v|i

|vjim oiez iax|pae ~poflvvlv xo ~powjhl xbl ilflvvapz lilpmz geo}v) Xblpkae foih|fxjoi% gpll

foiwlfxjoi% aih pahjaxjoi xpaiv~opx xblplgopl pl~eafl xbl ~|k~v% `eo}lpv% aih foixpoeelpv

avvofjaxlh }jxb afxjwl voeap blaxjim vzvxlkv) Xbl lelklixv og a ~avvjwl voeap blaxjim vzvxlk

xlih xo `l feovlez jixlmpaxlh }jxb xbl vxp|fx|pl gop }bjfb blax jv ~powjhlh) Vo|xb gafjim

}jiho}v% gop lrak~el% kaz vlpwl av a~lpx|plv xbpo|mb }bjfb voeap lilpmz jv ahkjxxlh xo xbl

`|jehjim% aih xblpkae vxopaml kaz `l ~powjhlh `z jiblplix vxp|fx|pae kavv) Voeap pahjaxjoi

a`vop`lh jivjhl xbl `|jehjim jv foiwlpxlh xo blax% ~apx og }bjfb kllxv xbl f|pplix blax eoah

}blplav xbl plkajihlp jv vxoplh ji xbl vxp|fx|pae kavv gop eaxlp |vl agxlp xbl v|i bav vlx)

@lfa|vl og xbl jixlmpae iax|pl og ~avvjwl voeap `|jehjimv% jx jv iox ~ovvj`el xo hlvjmi xbl

vxp|fx|pl jihl~lihlix og xbl blaxjim vzvxlk av jv |v|aeez hoil }jxb afxjwl vzvxlkv) Jivxlah% jx

jv ilflvvapz xo foivjhlp xbl voeap fbapafxlpjvxjfv og xbl `|jehjim gpok xbl jijxjae ~bavlv og xbl

hlvjmi ~poflvv xo fok~elxjoi og xbl foivxp|fxjoi hof|klixv) A }lee hlvjmilh ~avvjwl voeap

`|jehjim jv fokgopxa`el% lilpmz lggjfjlix% aih wlpz pleja`el `lfa|vl og jxv jiblplix o~lpaxjoiae

vjk~ejfjxz) Bo}lwlp% a ~oop hlvjmi% eafcjim vokl op aee og xblvl hlvjpa`el fbapafxlpjvxjfv%

kaz `l wlpz hjggjf|ex xo kohjgz agxlp foivxp|fxjoi jv fok~elxl aih xbl ~po`elkv `lfokl

kaijglvx) Jx bav xblplgopl `lli ilflvvapz xo hlwleo~ a il} a~~poafb xo `|jehjim hlvjmi xbax

fo|~elv voeap/xblpkae foivjhlpaxjoiv }jxb xbl kopl xpahjxjoiae foiflpiv og gopk aih vxp|fx|pl)

8)0) ^avvjwl blaxjim vzvxlk fbapafxlpjvxjfv

Xbl jixlpafxjoi `lx}lli a ~avvjwl blaxjim vzvxlk aih jxv liwjpoiklix jv a fok~elr ~poflvv

xbax jiwoewlv kaiz v|`xel ~blioklia) Xbl fok~elrjxz og xbl jixlpafxjoi kaclv jx hjggjf|ex xo

hlxlpkjil lrafxez }bax xz~l og ~avvjwl vzvxlk }jee ~lpgopk `lvx ji a mjwli fejkaxl)

\exjkaxlez% hlxajelh hlvjmi aiaezvjv faef|eaxjoiv og xbl xz~l xo `l hlvfpj`lh eaxlp ji xblvl~poflh|plv kaz `l plq|jplh xo kacl xbl gjiae hlfjvjoi) Bo}lwlp% a gl} mlilpaejtaxjoiv kaz

`l fjxlh xbax apl |vlg|e gop vlelfxjim faihjhaxl vzvxlkv h|pjim xbl vfblkaxjf ~bavl og hlvjmi)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

14/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

18 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Hjplfx maji `|jehjimv apl ~avvjwl voeap blaxjim vzvxlkv ji }bjfb v|iejmbx jv jixpoh|flh

hjplfxez xo xbl ejwjim v~afl xbpo|mb }jiho}v op oxblp meatlh a~lpx|plv) Av }jxb aee ~avvjwl

voeap vzvxlkv% jx jv jk~opxaix xbax xbl a~lpx|plv gafl vo|xb op ilap vo|xb ji ophlp xo afbjlwl

bjmb voeap majiv h|pjim xbl }jixlp blaxjim vlavoi aih eo} voeap majiv h|pjim xbl v|kklp

fooejim vlavoi) Xblpkae vxopaml kavv jv lvvlixjae xo xbl ~lpgopkaifl aih fokgopx og hjplfx

maji `|jehjimv) A `|jehjim xbax bav jiahlq|axl kavv }jee owlpblax aih plq|jpl wlixjeaxjoi%

}bjfb lixajev a eovv og blax xbax kjmbx oxblp}jvl bawl `lli vxoplh gop ijmbx xjkl |vl)

Mlilpaeez% jx jv hlvjpa`el xo lk~eoz vxp|fx|pae kavv av a vxopaml klhj|k ji ophlp xo xacl

ahwaixaml og xbl jk~powlh lfoiokjfv avvofjaxlh }jxb k|exj~el |vlv) Jiv|eaxjoi vbo|eh ae}azv

`l ~eaflh oi xbl o|xvjhl og kavvjwl lelklixv og xbl `|jehjim vblee paxblp xbai oi xbl jivjhl ji

ophlp xo plh|fl blax Eovvlv }jxbo|x jvoeaxjim xbl kavv gpok xbl ejwjim v~afl) Foifplxl geoop

vea`v fai foixpj`|xl xo xbl blax fa~afjxz og a `|jehjim ~powjhlh xblz apl iox jvoeaxlh `z

fap~lxv aih f|vbjoijim ~ahv) Blax eovvlv gpok xbl vea` fai `l ejkjxlh `z ~eafjim ~lpjklxlp

jiv|eaxjoi oi xbl o|xvjhl og xbl go|ihaxjoi }aeev) Jg xbl vxp|fx|pl jv gajpez ejmbx% xbl blax

fa~afjxz fai `l lgglfxjwlez jifplavlh `z ~eafjim }axlp foixajilpv ji xbl jixlpjop) A wapjlxz og

axxpafxjwl foixajilpv apl awajea`el fokklpfjaeez)

Ai owlpbaim jv |vlh xo vbahl xbl voeap a~lpx|pl gpok xbl bjmb v|kklp v|i }bjel ~lpkjxxjim

pazv gpok xbl eo} }jixlp v|i xo ~lilxpaxl aih }api xbl jivjhl og xbl `|jehjim) Ji fejkaxlv

bawjim ~apxjf|eapez }apk aih v|iiz v|kklpv% ai owlpbaim kaz iox `l v|ggjfjlix xo ~plwlix

vjmijgjfaix ammpawaxjoi og xbl v|kklp fooejim eoah) Vcz hjgg|vl aih mpo|ih plgelfxlh

pahjaxjoi lixlp xbl ejwjim v~afl hlv~jxl xbl ~plvlifl og ai owlpbaim aih k|vx `l `eofclh `z

lrxlpiae fowlpv op jixlpiae vbahlv) \vjim kowa`el jiv|eaxjoi oi hjplfx maji a~lpx|plv bav xbl

ahwaixaml og plh|fjim ijmbx xjkl blax eovvlv h|pjim xbl }jixlp+av }lee av lejkjiaxjim

|i}aixlh voeap majiv h|pjim xbl v|kklp)

Hjplfx maji `|jehjimv jiwoewl elvv hl~apx|pl gpok foiwlixjoiae foivxp|fxjoi xbai oxblp xz~lv

og ~avvjwl voeap vzvxlkv aih apl xblplgopl fbla~lp aih kopl plahjez affl~xlh `z kovx

off|~aixv) Bo}lwlp% xblz apl v|`dlfx xo owlpblaxjim% meapl% aih ga`pjf hlmpahaxjoi jg iox

faplg|eez hlvjmilh3 xblvl ~po`elkv fai `l kjijkjtlh `z hjvxpj`|xjim xbl v|iejmbx ahkjxxlh xo

xbl `|jehjim av |ijgopkez av ~ovvj`el xbpo|mb a~~po~pjaxl }jiho} ~eaflklix aih xbl |vl og

hjgg|vjwl `ejihv op meatjim kaxlpjaev) ]bli ~po~lpez hlvjmilh gop xbljp eofaxjoi% hjplfx maji

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

15/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

1< u ^ a m l 0 > > :

`|jehjimv ~powjhl ai lgglfxjwl klaiv og plh|fjim lilpmz foiv|k~xjoi gop v~afl blaxjim

}jxbo|x vafpjgjfl og fokgopx op alvxblxjf wae|lv)

AHWAIXAMLV

Aee fblkjfae aih pahjoafxjwl ~oee|xjim `z+~poh|fxv og xbl xblpkoi|felap plafxjoivplkaji `lbjih oi xbl v|i% }bjel oiez ~|pl pahjaix lilpmz plafblv xbl Lapxb)

Lilpmz plafbjim xbl lapxb jv jifplhj`el) @z oil faef|eaxjoi% 6> hazv og v|ivbjilvxpjcjim xbl Lapxb bawl xbl lilpmz lq|jwaelix og xbl xoxae og aee xbl ~eailxv govvje g|lev%`oxb |vlh aih |i|vlh

Xbl blax lilpmz ~poh|flh `z v|i% jg lwlp fa~x|plh fok~elxlez% fai vaxjvgz lixjplkaicjihv lilpmz plq|jplklix gop b|ihplhv og zlapv

HJVAHWAIXAMLV

V|i holv iox vbjil foivjvxlixez xbpo|mbo|x xbl vlavoi aih wapjlv afpovv mlompa~bjfaeeofaxjoiv Aevo xbl 06 hlmpll xjex og lapxb arjv liv|plv ioi+|ijgopk hjvxpj`|xjoi ogvoeap lilpmz

Voeap lilpmz jv a hjgg|vl xz~l og blax vo|pfl) Xo bapilvv% jx k|vx `l foiflixpaxlh jixoai ako|ix aih gopk xbax }l fai |vl v|fb av blax aih lelfxpjfjxz) Xbl hjgg|vjoi off|pvh|l xo wapjo|v liwjpoiklixae gafxopv ejcl feo|hv% kojvx|pl% h|vx% ~oee|xaix aih aexjx|hlog xbl eofaxjoi

Xbl jixlivjxz og voeap pahjaxjoi agxlp hjgg|vjoi fai wapz gpok 1>, xo 1>>,

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

16/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

17 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

, og a fokklpfjae`|jehjim-v xoxae lilpmz |vl) Hazejmbxjim jv xbl kovx fovx+lgglfxjwl vxpaxlmz gopxapmlxjim xblvl |vlv) @oxb aii|ae o~lpaxjim aih klfbaijfae vzvxlk gjpvx fovxv fai `lv|`vxaixjaeez plh|flh)

Xbl \ijgopk @|jehjim Fohl% @OFA% aih Vxaxl Lilpmz Fohlv plm|eaxl xbl "~po~lp"|vl og }jiho}v ji `|jehjimv)

Lilpmz+lggjfjlix `|jehjimv mlilpaeez ~powjhl bjmblp plx|piv oi hlwleo~lp jiwlvxklixaih zjleh bjmblp favb geo}v)

Vkapx hlfjvjoiv |~ gpoix vawl plxpogjx hoeeapv eaxlp)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

17/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

1= u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Lilpmz+lggjfjlix% hazejmbxlh `|jehjimv plh|fl ahwlpvl liwjpoiklixae jk~afxv `zplh|fjim xbl |vl aih illh gop ~o}lp mlilpaxjim ~eaixv aih xbljp ~oee|xjim `z+~poh|fxv)

Hazejmbx foixpj`|xlv xo a kopl v|vxajia`el hlvjmi a~~poafb)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

18/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

12 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Klixae vxjk|eaxjoi3 aih

Jk~powlh kooh% `lbawjo|p op }lee+`ljim)

Xbl ~oxlixjae lilpmz vawjimv gpok hazejmbxjim fai `l v|`vxaixjae) ]bjel 0, fo|eh ~oxlixjaeez `l plafblh gpok a`owl% wja vczejmbxv

op poog koijxopv) Jg xbl ejic `lx}lli jifplavlh hazejmbx aih jk~powlh b|kai ~lpgopkaifl

boehv xp|l }jxb ahhjxjoiae vx|hjlv% jx vxpoimez v|mmlvxv xbax }l vbo|eh afx xo plwlpvl o|p

f|pplix `|jehjim xplihv xbax apl plh|fjim xbl ~plvlifl og hazejmbx ji xbl }opc~eafl)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

19/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

1: u ^ a m l 0 > > :

7) Xpaiv~jplh Voeap Foeelfxop

Xbl xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxop jv a xbji vbllx og hapc ~lpgopaxlh klxae) Xbl hapc }aee a`vop`v

voeap pahjaxjoi aih blaxv gplvb ajp hpa}i xbpo|mb jxv ~lpgopaxjoiv `z a `|jehjim-v wlixjeaxjoi

gaiv)

Av mplli `|jehjim ~pafxjflv `lfokl kopl jk~opxaix iox oiez gop liwjpoiklixae plavoiv%

`|x aevo gop fovx vawjimv aih xar fplhjxv il} ~poh|fxv v|~~opxjim xbjv ~bjeovo~bz apl

~o~~jim |~ lwlpz}blpl) Xbjv }laexb og ~poh|fx jigopkaxjoi aih mplli }avb fai `l xlhjo|v

gop xbl `|jehjim ~poglvvjoiae xo vopx xbpo|mb) Xbl xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxop% bo}lwlp% jv oil

xbax hlvlpwlv xbl axxlixjoi og xbl vawwz `|jehjim liwleo~l foiv|exaix) Xbl \)V) Hl~apxklix og

Lilpmz HOL* bav faeelh xpaiv~jplh foeelfxopv xbl kovx pleja`el% `lvx+~lpgopkjim% aih

eo}lvx+fovx voeap blaxjim gop fokklpfjae aih jih|vxpjae `|jehjimv awajea`el oi xbl kapclx

xohaz) Xbl foifl~x bav plfljwlh i|klpo|v boio|pv aih a}aphv gpok HOL% xbl Aklpjfai

Vofjlxz og Blaxjim% Plgpjmlpaxjoi% ' Ajp Foihjxjoijim Limjillpv% Jif) AVBPAL*% P'H

Kamatjil% aih kaiz oxblpv }opeh}jhl)

7)1) ]OPCJIM ^PJIFJ^EL

Xbl foifl~x jv vjk~el4 ~lpgopaxlh klxae }aee feahhjim jv axxafblh a~~porjkaxlez 8 xo 2 jifblv

gpok a vo|xb+gafjim }aee xo a v|~~opx mpjh og wlpxjfae aih bopjtoixae fbaiilev) Xbl vzvxlk

kaz `l a~~ejlh wlpxjfaeez op bopjtoixaeez owlp aiz ioi+fok`|vxj`el }aee v|`vxpaxl% owlp op

apo|ih lrjvxjim }aee o~lijimv) Xbl mpjh vzvxlk wlpxjfae fbaiilev apl axxafblh xo xbl `|jehjim

}aee% xbl bopjtoixae fbaiilev apl axxafblh xo xbl wlpxjfae fbaiilev% aih xbl ~lpgopaxlh klxae

vbllxv apl xbpo|mb+gavxlilh xo xbl bopjtoixae fbaiilev)

Xbl xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxop }aee kaz `l ko|ixlh xo xbl }aee ji vlwlpae hjgglplix }azv%

hl~lihjim oi xbl woe|kl og ajp plq|jplh) Ji vokl favlv% oiez a ~opxjoi og xbl vo|xb }aee jv

illhlh% op lwli a ~lixbo|vl }aee kaz `l v|jxa`el) Xbl v|i blaxv xbl klxae ~aile aih xbl

blaxlh ajp jv hpa}i xbpo|mb xjiz boelv jixo xbl fawjxz `lx}lli xbl ~aile aih xbl }aee `z gaivko|ixlh ax xbl xo~ og xbl }aee) Xbl gaiv xbli hjvxpj`|xl xbl blaxlh ajp jixo xbl `|jehjim

xbpo|mb gelrj`el h|fxv ko|ixlh gpok xbl fljejim% op xbpo|mb vxaihaph h|fxv foiilfxlh xo xbl

blaxjim aih wlixjeaxjim vzvxlk) Ji xbl }jixlp% xbl blaxlh ajp plkowlv a v|`vxaixjae eoah gpok

xbl `|jehjimv foiwlixjoiae blaxjim vzvxlk% xb|v vawjim foivjhlpa`el lilpmz aih koilz) Ji

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

20/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

0> u ^ a m l 0 > > :

xbl v|kklp% xbl ~aile jv vbahjim xbl jiilp }aee% xb|v plh|fjim xbl fooejim hlkaihv og xbl

`|jehjim) ]bli blaxjim jv iox plq|jplh% a foixpoeelh hak~lp fai `l o~lilh xo aeeo} ajp xo

`z~avv xbl voeap foeelfxop% ~powjhjim a foixji|ae v|~~ez og gplvb ajp jixo xbl `|jehjim) Xbl

xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxop }aee jv aevo lgglfxjwl oi feo|hz hazv% aexbo|mb ax a plh|flh elwle)

Vo|pfl4 bxx~4//}}})lilpmzvawlpv)mow/zo|p_bokl/v~afl_blaxjim_fooejim/jihlr)fgk/kzxo~jf;10

Ahhjxjoiae @lilgjxv

Ji ahhjxjoi% xbl |vl og xbjv ~plblaxlh gplvb ajp vzvxlk lejkjiaxlv vxpaxjgjfaxjoi og xbl ajp jivjhl

jih|vxpjae `|jehjimv% }blpl box ajp pajvl xo xbl fljejim aih jv eovx xbpo|mb xbl poog op hpa}i o|x

}jxb lrba|vx gaiv) Vjifl xbl ajp jv foivxaixez `ljim pl~eaflh% xbl vzvxlk jv jhlae gop wlbjfel

pl~ajp vbo~v% kafbjil vbo~v% fblkjfae vxopaml ~eaixv% aih jih|vxpjae a~~ejfaxjoiv }blpl g|klv

apl ~plvlix) Xbl vzvxlk aevo ~powjhlv ~ovjxjwl ~plvv|pl gop xbl `|jehjim) ]bli a hoop op

}jiho} jv o~lilh% xbl blax gpok jihoopv lrjxv% `|x xbl foeh o|xvjhl ajp holv iox p|vb ji)

Il} wlixjeaxjoi fohlv v~lfjgz kjijk|k wlixjeaxjoi paxlv aih jihoop ajp q|aejxz% hl~lihjim

oi xbl xz~l og `|jehjim aih xbl i|k`lp og off|~aixv) Jiahlq|axl gplvb ajp kaz elah xo Vjfc

@|jehjim Vzihpokl% }bjfb plv|exv ji blahafblv3 lzl% iovl aih xbpoax jppjxaxjoiv3 aih gaxjm|l

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

21/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

01 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

aih/op hjggjf|exz ji foiflixpaxjoi gop jxv jiba`jxaixv) Xbjv vzvxlk pl~eaflv xbl ajp foivxaixez

aih jv jhlae gop kai|gafx|pjim ~eaixv% batapho|v }avxl vxopaml `|jehjimv% mzkiavj|kv%

ajp~eail baimapv% vfbooev% oggjfl `|jehjimv% a~apxklix `|jehjimv aih }aplbo|vlv plq|jpjim

wlixjeaxjoi) Xbl vzvxlk aevo ~powjhlv ~poflvv blax gop ampjf|ex|pae op jih|vxpjae ~|p~ovlv)

Liwjpoiklixaeez% xbl xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxop }aee jv |vjim iax|pae lilpmz xbax jv felai% xb|v

eo}lpjim xbl illh gop govvje g|le blax aih plh|fjim ~poh|fxjoi og mpllibo|vl mavlv) ^az`afc

og xbl vzvxlk jv pleaxjwlez vbopx% aih vxaxl aih glhlpae mpaixv% av }lee av xar fplhjxv% apl mjwli

av jiflixjwlv gop voeap lilpmz |vl) Xbl jivxaeeaxjoi kaz q|aejgz gop Elahlpvbj~ ji Lilpmz aih

Liwjpoiklixae Hlvjmi ~ojixv aih fplhjxv) Xbl fovx og foiwlixjoiae lilpmz fai wapz mplaxez%

hl~lihjim oi xbl apla aih xbl vlavoi og xbl zlap) ]jxb voapjim lilpmz ~pjflv% xbl |vl og gpll

voeap blax }jee plh|fl xbl illh gop foiwlixjoiae lilpmz vo|pflv)

Aiz lrjvxjim ioi+fok`|vxj`el vo|xb+gafjim lrxlpjop }aee ji illh og pl~ajp fo|eh `l fowlplh

}jxb xbl lilpmz+vawjim xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxop }aee ~aile) Gop a |ijgopk a~~lapaifl% xbl

oxblp lrxlpjop }aeev fai `l fowlplh }jxb a vjkjeap ~aile vzvxlk ji xbl vakl foeo|p) Gop

wapjlxz aih alvxblxjfv% foophjiaxjim op foixpavxjim foeo|pv kaz `l |vlh) \vl og xbl ~lpgopaxlh

~ailev oi a wlpxjfae% vo|xblpi lr~ov|pl }aee jv plfokklihlh xo foeelfx xbl kovx voeap lilpmz)

A wlpxjfae v|pgafl }jee mjwl kopl plgelfxlh pahjaxjoi% }jxb io vio} `|jeh+|~ aih eo} }jih

eoahv)

Plvlapfb bav ~powli xbax lafb vq|apl goox og ~aile }jee v|~~ez 1 xo 0>> @X\v ~lp bo|p)

Jixacl ajp jv ~plblaxlh `z |~ xo 7,)

Xbl Iaxjoiae Plil}a`el Lilpmz Ea`opaxopz% a hjwjvjoi og xbl Hl~apxklix og Lilpmz HOL*%

jv f|pplixez koijxopjim vokl ~podlfxv aih jv foixji|aeez plvlapfbjim xbl xpaiv~jplh voeap

foeelfxop vzvxlk)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

22/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

00 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

7)0) VOEAP FOEELFXOP V^LFJGJFAXJOIV

Xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxopv apl xz~jfaeez kai|gafx|plh gpok ae|kjij|k aih% xo a elvvlp lrxlix3

tjif% ji x}o+}jhl% pj``lh foigjm|paxjoiv) Xbjfcilvv wapjlv gpok )>60+ji) ae|kjij|k xo )>02+

ji) tjif) ^ailev apl a~~porjkaxlez 8> ji) }jhl aih apl awajea`el ji kaiz foeo|pv aih }jxb a

^WHG ~oezwjizejhlil ge|opjhl* gjijvb) Hapclp foeo|pv }jxb bjmb voeap a`vop~xjoi paxlv apl

plfokklihlh gop karjk|k lgglfxjwlilvv) Xbl vzvxlkv apl wjpx|aeez kajixliaifl gpll% vjifl

xblpl apl io ejq|jhv op kowjim ~apxv oxblp xbai xbl gai vzvxlk op o~xjoiae gjexlpv) Xbl ~ajix

gjijvb jv }appaixlh gop 6> zlapv)

Kovx jih|vxpjae aih fokklpfjae `|jehjimv plq|jpl eapml q|aixjxjlv og wlixjeaxjoi ajp xo

kajixaji a blaexbz }opc liwjpoiklix) Ji kaiz plmjoiv% xbjv wlixjeaxjoi ajp illhv xo `l blaxlh

xbpo|mbo|x xbl gaee% }jixlp% aih v~pjim xo ~powjhl a fokgopxa`el }opc liwjpoiklix)

Xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxopv% hlwleo~lh dojixez h|pjim xbl eavx hlfahl `z plvlapfblpv ax xbl

Iaxjoiae Plil}a`el Lilpmz Ea`opaxopz IPLE* apl a pleja`el% eo}+fovx xlfbioeomz gop

~plblaxjim `|jehjim wlixjeaxjoi ajp) ]jxb vjk~el ~az`afc ~lpjohv paimjim gpok 6 xo 10 zlapv

aih ai lvxjkaxlh 6>+zlap ejgl v~ai% xpaiv~jplh foeelfxop vzvxlkv ogglp `|jehjim

Ji a xz~jfae a~~ejfaxjoi% a eapml ~opxjoi og a `|jehjimv vo|xb+gafjim }aee jv feah }jxb hapc+

foeo|plh% ~lpgopaxlh klxae vbllxjim% }bjfb ~lpgopkv av a eapml voeap foeelfxop) Xbl vbllxjim jv

ko|ixlh xo xbl `|jehjimv vxp|fx|pae }aee% fplaxjim a 8+ xo 7+jifb ma~ `lx}lli xbl x}o) Av

o|xvjhl ajp jv hpa}i xbpo|mb xbl foeelfxopv ~lpgopaxjoiv `z wlixjeaxjoi gaiv% jxv xlk~lpax|pl

jifplavlv `z av k|fb av 8>G 00F*) Xbl blaxlh ajp geo}v xo xbl xo~ og xbl }aee% }blpl jx jv

hjvxpj`|xlh xo xbl `|jehjimv jixlpjop xbpo|mb foiwlixjoiae h|fx}opc)

7)6) HLVJMI BJMBEJMBXV

Foiwlpxv av k|fb av 2>, og awajea`el voeap pahjaxjoi xo blax Jhlae gop |vl ji v|iiz fejkaxlv }jxb eoim blaxjim vlavoiv

Jivxaeelh fovx4 (7 ~lp vq|apl goox ji il} foivxp|fxjoi3 (1> ji plxpogjx a~~ejfaxjoiv

^az`afc ~lpjohv paiml gpok 6 xo 10 zlapv hl~lihjim oi fejkaxl aih xz~l og g|le `ljimhjv~eaflh

Lvxjkaxlh 6>+zlap vzvxlk ejgl

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

23/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

06 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Av a plv|ex% xbl xpaiv~jplh foeelfxop jv oil og xbl kovx lggjfjlix voeap foeelfxopv% foiwlpxjim av

k|fb av 2>, og xbl voeap lilpmz vxpjcjim jx jixo |va`el blax) Goph% Mlilpae Koxopv% Glhlpae

Lr~plvv% aih KfHoiilee Ho|meav apl oi xbl mpo}jim ejvx og jih|vxpjae |vlpv og xbjv

xlfbioeomz) ]jxb xbl lrfl~xjoi og xbl gaiv% xbl xpaiv~jplh foeelfxop bav io kowjim ~apxv aih

plq|jplv io kajixliaifl) A voeap foeelfxop xbax jv a`o|x => ~lpflix lggjfjlix fok~aplh xo 6> xo

8> ~lpflix gop foiwlixjoiae foeelfxopv)

\iejcl kovx voeap foeelfxopv% xblpl-v io meatjim) Voeap}aee jv a voeap ~plblaxlh gop wlixjeaxjoi

ajp) Xbl blax fa~x|plh `z xbl foeelfxop jv hpa}i jixo xbl bo|vl `z a wlixjeaxjoi gai) ^plblaxjim

plh|flv xbl lilpmz illhlh xo `pjim xbl jifokjim ajp |~ xo fokgopxa`el xlk~lpax|plv) ^avvjim

xbpo|mb xbl foeelfxop `oovxv ajp xlk~lpax|pl `z av k|fb av > vq) gx) bo|vl kjmbx illh 28 fgk xo kajixaji

>)6< ajp fbaimlv ~lp bo|p) Xbax }o|eh plq|jpl ai 28+vq)+gx) xo 172+vq)+gx) Voeap}aee)

Lafb ~aile jv 0+1/0 gx) r 2 gx) Gop plvjhlixjae do`v% xbl ~ailev apl ko|ixlh a`o|x go|p jifblv

ogg xbl }laxblp xjmbx lrxlpjop }aee }jxb hjklivjoiae e|k`lp) Ai arjae gai ~|eev ajp xbpo|mb xbl

~aile aih `eo}v jx jixo xbl bo|vl) Ajp fai geo} hjplfxez jixo xbl ejwjim v~afl op `l foiilfxlh

xo a gopflh ajp blaxjim vzvxlk gop hjvxpj`|xjoi) Oil foixpoe o~xjoi jv a hjgglplixjae xlk~lpax|pl

foixpoe xbax x|piv xbl voeap gai oi }bli xbl ajp ji xbl ~aile jv bjmblp xbai o|xvjhl) ^aile fovx

jv a`o|x (< ~lp vq) gx)

Alvxblxjfv fo|eh ejkjx Voeap}aee gop plvjhlixjae a~~ejfaxjoiv) Foeo|p vlelfxjoi jv ejkjxlh xo

hapc `e|l% hapc `po}i% hapc mplli aih `eafc) Vokl boklo}ilpv kaz iox }aix eapml aplav og

xbljp bo|vl fowlplh }jxb hapc% ~lpgopaxlh ae|kjij|k) Voeap}aee vzvxlkv ogglp ai aexlpiaxjwl

xo blax plfowlpz wlixjeaxopv gop v|iiz `|jehjim vjxlv ji foeh fejkaxlv)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

24/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

08 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

7)8) FAVL VX\HJLV

\ijxlh Vxaxlv Klav|pl oi Xpaiv~jplh Ajp Foeelfxop Vzvxlk

Xpaiv~jplh ajp foeelfxop vzvxlkv apl v|fflvvg|eez `ljim |vlh `z `oxb ~pjwaxl aih

mowlpiklixae vlfxopv) Jivxaeeaxjoiv ji a|xokoxjwl% kai|gafx|pjim% awjaxjoi% lh|faxjoi% aih

hjvxpj`|xjoi gafjejxjlv bawl vbo}i v|`vxaixjae lilpmz vawjimv) Xpaiv~jplh voeap foeelfxop

vzvxlkv bawl `lli jivxaeelh oi kaiz `|jehjimv xbpo|mbo|x xbl \ijxlh Vxaxlv)

A 6%7>> vq) gx) Feavvjf @poitl foeelfxop voeap a`vop~xjwl fa~afjxz >):1* gaflv 17 hlmpllv }lvx

og h|l vo|xb) Xbl xoxae ajpgeo} paxl jv 12%>>> f|`jf gllx ~lp kji|xl fgk*% }bjfb jv hlejwlplh

`z x}o 6>+ji hjaklxlp gaiv) Gop lafb vq|apl goox og foeelfxop }aee% xbl geo} paxl jv < fgk) Xbl

aii|ae plil}ae lilpmz hlejwlplh jv 7 kjeejoi @X\v) Xbl awlpaml ajp xlk~lpax|pl pjvl jv

16G ax < fgk/vq gx h|pjim hazejmbx bo|pv gop xbl :+koixb |vl vlavoi) Xbl pjvl og xbl

xlk~lpax|pl owlp ak`jlix ajp oi a v|iiz agxlpiooi jv xz~jfaeez > ~o|ihv ~lp zlap) Xbl aii|ae ~podlfxlh lilpmz

vawjimv gop xbjv ~podlfx }av (17%>% }jxb ai afx|ae vawjimv og (00%>27% xpaiveaxjim xo a

vawjimv og (8)7> ~lp vq gx og foeelfxop }aee) Xbl xoxae ~podlfxlh lilpmz vawjimv gop xbjv

jivxaeeaxjoi owlp a 6>+zlap ~podlfx ejgl jv a~~porjkaxlez (=>>%>>>) Xbl vjk~el ~az`afc

~lpjoh% }jxb afflelpaxlh KAFPV hl~plfjaxjoi% jv elvv xbai 6 zlapv)

Mplli}ooh Lelklixapz Vfbooe

Xbl Mplli}ooh Lelklixapz Vfbooe ji Kjeelpvxo}i% ^A% }av plflixez pliowaxlh xo jife|hl

=6> vq) gx) og `eafc+foeo|plh foeelfxop }aee) Xbl aii|ae mpllibo|vl mav plh|fxjoi jv 1:%>>>

~o|ihv) Xbl aii|ae blaxjim fovx vawjimv jv (0%2 iax|pae mav fovxv*) Lr~lfxlh vawjimv owlp xbl 6>+zlap ~podlfx ejgl apl

(11>>) Vfbooev apl iox lejmj`el gop xar fplhjxv) Bo}lwlp% }bli |vjim oi+vjxl plil}a`el

lilpmz% xblpl jv a ~ovvj`jejxz og ahhjxjoiae mpaixv gpok vxaxl mowlpiklixv)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

25/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

0< u ^ a m l 0 > > :

7) e`v / gx gx0 0 / aii|k og FO FO0

Awlpaml Lilpmz Vawjimv4

o 1)< + 6)< xblpkv / gx gx0 og voeap foeelfxop* /aii|k

o (1 + 7 / gx gx0 / aii|k hl~lihjim oi g|le fovxv*

Xz~jfae ^az`afc ^lpjohv4

o Il} foivxp|fxjoi4 > + 6 zlapv

o Plxpogjx4 6 + = zlapv

^aile fovx fok~apa`el xo a `pjfc }aee

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

26/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

07 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

=) Lilpmz Kjijkjtaxjoi Xlfbijq|lv

Xbl goeeo}jim apl a gl} xlfbijq|lv xbax fai `l goeeo}lh gop lilpmz |xjejtaxjoi%

Kjijkjtl foiwlixjoiae ajp foihjxjoijim

]l hoi-x |vl foiwlixjoiae ajp foihjxjoijim aih }l lifo|paml lwlpz`ohz levl xo a`aihoi jx

xoo) Xblpl jv ai apx xo ejwjim }jxbo|x ajp foihjxjoijim xbax bav eapmlez `lli eovx) ^lo~el |vlh xo

cio} bo} aih }bli* xo o~li xbljp bo|vlv ax ijmbx gop wlixjeaxjoi% aih }bli xo feovl xblk

|~ ji xbl haz xjkl xo cll~ o|x xbl blax og xbl hazv) Hlfplavl |vl og blaxjim a~~ejaiflv

owli% vxowl% xoavxlp owli% bajphpzlp% feoxblv hpzlp) Pl~eafl blax ~poh|fjim jifaihlvflix

ejmbxjim }jxb fok~afx ge|oplvflix ejmbxjim)

Ijmbx xjkl fooejim

O~li }jiho}v aih hoopv xo ahkjx fooe ijmbx ajp) Feovl xblk amaji av xbl v|i pjvlv) A }lee+

jiv|eaxlh `|jehjim }jee plxaji fooe gop kaiz bo|pv)

Lrxlpjop }jiho} vbahlv op a}ijimv

Oifl xbl v|i bjxv xbl }jiho}% xbl blax mlxv ji xbl bo|vl `z foih|fxjoi% lwli jg xblpl jv a

vbahl aih a f|pxaji oi xbl jivjhl og xbl }jiho}) Baim xjmbxez+}owli vfplliv op `ak`oo

vbahlv o|xvjhl xbl }jiho} h|pjim xbl v|kklp xo vxo~ 7>+2>, og xbl v|iv blax gpok mlxxjim

xo xbl }jiho})

]laxblpjtaxjoi

]laxblpjtaxjoi jv xbl ~e|mmjim aih vlaejim og ajp elacv) \v|aeez lk~bavjtlh gop iopxblpi

fejkaxlv ji }jixlpxjkl xo cll~ blax ji% jx fai aevo lgglfxjwlez cll~ blax aih b|kjhjxz o|x)

]laxblp vxpj~~jim hoopv% }jiho}v aih axxjf o~lijimv3 vlaejim apo|ih ~e|k`jim wlixv3

jiv|eaxjim apo|ih lelfxpjfae }jpl ~lilxpaxjoiv3 vlaejim boelv `lx}lli xbl ejwjim v~afl aih xbl

axxjf/fpa}ev~afl

^lpvoiae fooejim voe|xjoiv

^po~lp feoxbjim% baxv% fooe hpjicv% ~po~lp bzhpaxjoi% baih gaiv% aih xbl }jvhok og xbl vjlvxa

xjkl apl fokkoi vlivl voe|xjoiv }l ogxli owlpeooc) Fljejim aih xa`el gaiv fai kowl xbl ajp

apo|ih jivjhl xblpl`z ciofcjim a`o|x 1> hlmpllv Gabplibljx ogg xbl a~~aplix xlk~lpax|pl*)

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27/32

Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

0= u ^ a m l 0 > > :

Jiv|eaxjoi

Veo}v blax xpaivglp gpok o|xvjhl xo jivjhl zo|p bokl aih wjfl wlpva ji xbl }jixlp)

Eaihvfa~jim gop vbahl aih ~avvjwl fooejim

^eaix hlfjh|o|v xpllv aih oxblp wlmlxaxjoi aih ~eafl vxp|fx|plv xpleejvlv% wjilv% eapml vbp|`v%lxf)* a~~po~pjaxlez vo xbax zo|p v|iiz lr~ov|plv apl vbahlh ji xbl v|kklp% `|x o~li xo

v|iejmbx ji xbl }jixlp) ^lo~el }jxb geax poogv vbo|eh hlgjijxlez foivjhlp a mplli poog)

Hlfjh|o|v xpllv ~eaixlh xo xbl vo|xb op }lvx og zo|p `|jehjim `eofc v|kklp v|i% `|x hpo~

xbljp elawlv xo aeeo} baeg op kopl og xbl }jixlp v|iv lilpmz jixo zo|p bokl xo }apk zo| oi

felap }jixlp hazv) Xbl wae|a`el v|kklpxjkl vbahjim }jee plh|fl |i}aixlh blaxjim av k|fb

av ,) Xbovl apl `lxxlp plv|exv xbai }l mlx gpok kopl lr~livjwl ~podlfxv ejcl }jiho} aih

jiv|eaxjoi |~mpahlv

Pahjaix @appjlpv

Xbji klxae gjekv% xz~jfaeez vxa~elh xo xbl |ihlpvjhl og axxjf pagxlpv% }jee plgelfx a~~por) :=, og

eoim+}awl jigpaplh blax pahjaxjoi) Jivxaee a}ijimv oi vo|xb+gafjim }jiho}v }blpl xblplv

jiv|ggjfjlix poog owlpbaim xo ~powjhl vbahl)

Poog }bjxlijim

Jg zo|pl pl~eafjim a poog% fboovl }bjxl op plgelfxjwl v|pgafl) Foaxjim lrjvxjim poogv }jxb

}bjxl leavxoklpjf ~ajix v~lfjgjfaeez hlvjmilh gop poog }bjxlijim }jee plh|fl zo|p blax eoah oixbl bo|vl)

Pl+kohleejim aih il} foivxp|fxjoi

Jixlmpaxl xbl ~pjifj~elv og ~avvjwl fooejim jixo xbl `avjf hlvjmi og xbl vxp|fx|pl) Jg zo|pl

~eaiijim a plkohle op oxblp foivxp|fxjoi

Ahd|vx zo|p Lr~lfxaxjoiv

\ihlpvxaih xbax o|p g|x|pl }jee `l q|jxl hjgglplix gpok xbl xpadlfxopz og o|p bjvxopjf aihlfoiokjf ~avx) Jx k|vx `l) Xo plh|fl mpllibo|vl mav lkjvvjoiv =>+2>, owlp xbl ilrx gl}

hlfahlv% aih xo fplaxl a mpaflg|e voe|xjoi xo ^lac Oje% }l k|vx pl+xbjic aih plhlvjmi aee og

o|p govvje+g|le jixlivjwl ba`jxv)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

02 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

2) G|x|pl og voeap Lilpmz

Xbl goeeo}jim av~lfxv fo|eh `l foivjhlplh `z xbl Mowlpiklix og C|}ajx ji ophlp xo ~pokoxl

aih i|px|pl xbl voeap lilpmz xlfbioeomz)

JIFLIXJWLV)

H|l xo xbl |ifok~lxjxjwl lfoiokjfv og voeap ~o}lp% jiflixjwlv }jee `l ilflvvapz xo kacl jx

kopl axxpafxjwl gop fokklpfjae hlwleo~klix)

LFOIOKZ

Voeap ~o}lp jv vxjee lr~livjwl% `|x bjmb mpo}xb ji kai|gafx|pjim og ~boxowoexajf fleev aih xbl

foivxp|fxjoi og eapmlp fa~afjxz vjxlv jv fplaxjim lfoiokjlv og vfael)

GOF\V OI XLFBIOEOMZ

Vlwlpae xlfbioeomjlv apl vxjee ax xbl lr~lpjklixae vxaml jife|hjim voeap xo}lpv% ~apa`oejf

xpo|mbv aih voeap fbjkilzv) Fokklpfjae voeap ~o}lp mlilpaxjoi bav zlx xo `l hokjiaxlh `z

oil `lvx ji feavv xlfbioeomz) Vo gjihjim xbl `lvx ~o}lp mlilpaxjoi xlfbijq|l aih gof|vvjim

oi jx xo `l xbl gjpvx ji xbl kapclx)

LILPMZ VXOPAML

]jhlv~plah |~xacl og fokklpfjae voeap ~o}lp mlilpaxjoi }jee plq|jpl vjmijgjfaix jiwlvxklix

ji lilpmz vxopaml) Xblvl xlfbioeomjlv plkaji q|jxl jkkax|pl aexbo|mb il} xblpkae voeap

~o}lp ~eaixv glax|pl vxopaml vzvxlkv xo plxaji mlilpaxlh blax)

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

0: u ^ a m l 0 > > :

:) Hjvf|vvjoi

Xbpo|mb xbjv ~a~lp xbl jk~opxaifl og xbl aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz apl hjvf|vvlh) Xblpl fai `l kaiz

voe|xjoiv aih vo|pflv awajea`el gop xbl aexlpiaxjwl lilpmz hlwleo~klix% bo}lwlp xbl vxpoim

apm|klixv xo v|~~opx ^avvjwl Voeap Lilpmz Xlfbijq|l jv xbl o~xjkae voe|xjoi xbl goeeo}jim

~ojixv illh xo `l foivjhlplh%

Voeap G|le V|i* jv plil}a`el aih jx jv fok~elxlez ioi+~oee|xjim aih liwjpoiklixaegpjlihez

Elvv Kajixliaifl fovx op aekovx gpll kajixliaifl

Ejglxjkl og gpll blaxjim

Jk~powlh jihoop ajp q|aejxz

Fovx lgglfxjwl ji fok~aplh }jxb oxblp xlfbijq|lv

Vofjaeez plv~oivj`el xlfbijq|l

8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

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8/14/2019 Alternative Energy - Jayabalaji Sathiyamoorthi

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Aexlpiaxjwl Lilpmz Daza`aeadj Vaxbjzakoopxbj

61 u ^ a m l 0 > > :

11) Plglpliflv

Wapjo|v xlfbijq|lv xo kjijkjtl lilpmz |xjejtaxjoi%

bxx~4//}}})lilpmz`|eelxji)ilx/~pjklp)~b~ afflvvlh oi 0ih A|m|vx >:)

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