After receiving his revelations from Allah, Mohammed tried ...

The Spread of Islam • After receiving his revelations

from Allah, Mohammed tried to convert people in Mecca to Islam

• Pagans in Mecca forced Mohammed to flee to Medina

• This event in 622, known as the hijra, marked the beginning of the Islamic calendar

“Conversion by the Sword”

• Mohammed converted many people in and around Medina

• In 630 CE Muhammad and an army of 10,000 soldiers marched on and conquered Mecca

• Muhammad died in Medina in 632 CE

• Mohammed’s death sparked a divide between Muslims.

• Muslims are still divided between Sunnis and Shia

90

10

World

Sunni

Shia

Other

30

65

5

Iraq

Sunni

Shia

Other

9

89

2

Iran

Sunni

Shia

Other 90

10

Egypt

Sunni

Shia

Other

Sunni leader Abu Bakr conquered huge territory

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi

Spread of Islam 632 to 661

Capital of empire is still Medina

Spread of Islam 661 to 750

Capital moved to Damascus in Syria _______?

In 762, capital moved to Baghdad in _______? Iraq

Why were the Muslims so successful? • Brave, experienced fighters • They were united • Discipline of the Muslim faith

• Believed Allah was on their side • Byzantine and Persian Empires were

weak at the time • Many people saw Muslims as

liberators

Tomorrow… The Islamic Golden Age

Sir Isaac Newton

Period from 800 to around 1100 known as the Islamic Golden Age

You don’t need to write these down!!!

Huge advances in: Medicine Math and Science

Art and Architecture

Engineering

Where’s the love???