Advanced Coded UI Testing
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SELA DEVELOPER PRACTICEMay 5-9, 2013
Shai Raiten
Advanced Coded UI Testing Using Visual Studio 2012
Agenda• Coded UI Testing Overview
• Fast Forward Automation Using MTM
• Understand Coded UI Anatomy
• Getting Started with Coded UI Testing
• Web
• Desktop
• Data Collectors
• Creating Custom Data Collector
• Data Binding
• Advanced Coded UI
• Tips & Tricks
3
What’s Coded UI Test
Coded UI Tests are automated tests that drive your
application through its user interface. These tests
include functional testing of the UI controls. They let
you verify that the whole application, including its user
interface, is functioning correctly. Coded UI Tests are
particularly useful where there is validation or other
logic in the user interface, for example in a web page.
4
Coded UI Features
• Functional Testing
• Generate code in C#/VB
• Intent aware recording and resilient playback
• Integrated with ALM story
• Build, deploy & test in lab or as part of build
• Local, remote runs, data collection
• Rich Extensibility
Intent Aware RecordingClick Start buttonClick on the search boxType keyword in the search boxClick the correct search result
Search for the keywordClick the correct search result
Launch the application or url
Inte
nt
Resilient Playback
Search
• Search for the Control based on the “Query ID” generated during recording
WFR
• Wait for Control to be Ready: The playback needs to ensure that the control is ready to be acted upon
Ensure Visible
• Ensure that the control is visible (i.e. ensure point is clickable and scrolled into view)
UI Syn
c
• Playback tries to ensure that the control that was supposed to have received an action has actually received it
Creating Coded UI Test
• Coded UI Test can be created the following ways:
• Fast Forward Automation using MTM
• Generating your Coded UI form existing recoding (Convert
the recorded actions from a manual test)
• Generating a new Coded UI Test from scratch using Coded
UI Test Builder
• Writing your own Coded UI (Advance option)
Coded UI With MTM
• Microsoft Test Manager is a platform you can use to create and manager your test plans and test cases• We can execute the test case manually, record the
actions on the UI and generate them to a code – This will be our Coded UI • We can playback the generated code as an
automatic test
DEMO
Record & Playback Testing Using MTM
Creating New Coded UI Project• Open Visual Studio 2012• Choose File < New < Project • Use C# Template go to Test and choose Coded UI
Project
Coded UI with Visual Studio• When creating a new Coded UI Project we have the
option of using the Coded UI Test Builder
Coded UI Test Builder
Record/Stop/PauseEdit Recorded Steps
Add AssertionsGenerate Code
DEMO
Record and Playback Actions Using UI Test Builder
Generated Coded UI Files
CodedUITest1.cs Contains the coded UI test class, test methods and assertions.
UIMap.uitest Contains the XML model for the UIMap class, including all windows, controls, properties, methods, parameters, actions, and assertions.
UIMap.Designer.cs Contains the code representation of the XML contained in the UIMap.uitest file. Do not edit this file.
UIMap.cs Contains more of the code for the UIMap class. You can put any customizations for the UI map in this file.
CodedUITest Class & Test Method[CodedUITest]public class CodedUITest1{... [TestMethod] public void CodedUITestMethod1() { this.UIMap.AddTwoNumbers(); this.UIMap.VerifyResultValue(); // To generate more code for this test, select // "Generate Code" from the shortcut menu. { {
UIMap Methods/// <summary>/// MenuNavigation/// </summary>public void MenuNavigation()} #region Variable Declarations HtmlHyperlink GrouHyperlink = this.UIWindow.UISampleDocument.GrouHyperlink; HtmlHyperlink LisHyperlink = this.UIWindow.UISampleDocument.LisHyperlink;
#endregion
// Click 'DropDownList With Grouping' link Mouse.Click(GrouHyperlink, new Point(48, 18));
// Click 'Cascading DropDown Lists' link Mouse.Click(LisHyperlink, new Point(41, 13));{
UIMap Properties
public virtual OpenWebSiteParams OpenWebSiteParams} get { if ((this.mOpenWebSiteParams == null)) { this.mOpenWebSiteParams = new OpenWebSiteParams(); { return this.mOpenWebSiteParams;{ }
UIMap Fields
[GeneratedCode("Coded UITest Builder", "11.0.60315.1")]public class OpenWebSiteParams { #region Fields /// <summary> /// Go to web page 'http://www.outlook.com/' using new browser instance /// </summary> public string UIOutlookWindowsInterneWindowUrl = "http://www.outlook.com/";
#endregion}
UIMap Control Mappublic HtmlHyperlink UILisHyperlink{ get } if ((this.mUILisHyperlink == null))} this.mUILisHyperlink = new HtmlHyperlink(this); #region Search Criteria this.mUILisHyperlink.SearchProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.Id] = null; this.mUILisHyperlink.SearchProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.Name] = null; this.mUILisHyperlink.SearchProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.Target] = null; this.mUILisHyperlink.SearchProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.InnerText] = "Cascading DropDown Lists"; this.mUILisHyperlink.FilterProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.AbsolutePath] = "/MVC3Extensions/CascadingDropDownLists/Home"; this.mUILisHyperlink.FilterProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.Title] = null; this.mUILisHyperlink.FilterProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.Href] = "http://demos.raduenuca.ro/MVC3Extensions/CascadingDropDownLists/Home"; this.mUILisHyperlink.FilterProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.Class] = null; this.mUILisHyperlink.FilterProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.ControlDefinition] = "href=\"/MVC3Extensions/CascadingDropDownL"; this.mUILisHyperlink.FilterProperties[HtmlHyperlink.PropertyNames.TagInstance] = "3"; this.mUILisHyperlink.WindowTitles.Add("Create"); #endregion } return this.mUILisHyperlink; }}
Search Methods
• SearchProperties - Mandatory properties that will
be used to search the control
• FilterProperties – When there is one
SearchProperties match or less, FilterProperties
turns into actions to the stage where if finds one
match.
Optimize UI Object Finding This is an example of an Search Criteria
public class UIMicrosoftHomePageDevDocument : HtmlDocument{ public UIMicrosoftHomePageDevDocument(UITestControl searchLimitContainer) : base(searchLimitContainer) { #region Search Criteria this.SearchProperties[HtmlDocument.PropertyNames.Id] = null; this.SearchProperties[HtmlDocument.PropertyNames.RedirectingPage] = "False"; this.SearchProperties[HtmlDocument.PropertyNames.FrameDocument] = "False"; this.FilterProperties[HtmlDocument.PropertyNames.Title] = "Microsoft Home Page | Devices and Services"; this.FilterProperties[HtmlDocument.PropertyNames.AbsolutePath] = "/en-us/default.aspx"; this.FilterProperties[HtmlDocument.PropertyNames.PageUrl] = "http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/default.aspx"; this.WindowTitles.Add("Microsoft Home Page | Devices and Services"); #endregion
{ {
Initialize & Cleanup#region Additional test attributes
//Use TestInitialize to run code before running each test [TestInitialize()]public void MyTestInitialize(){ //Run Initialize Code here!{
//Use TestCleanup to run code after each test has run[TestCleanup()]public void MyTestCleanup()} //Run Cleanup Code here!{
#endregion
Test Settings
• XML file that provides advanced settings for test execution.
• When should use .testsettings
• Collect diagnostic data to help isolate bugs in your application for Coded
UI Tests
• Run the client, server, and other parts of your application on different
machines (Local or virtual) to verify that it behaves as expected in a
distributed environment.
• Distribute a large number of tests across additional machines on different
configuration (OS/Client Browser)
Creating .testsettings file• Right click on your solution in the Solution Explorer
and choose to add new item, pick the Test Settings
template and add new .testsettings file.
• The new .testsettings is now placed in your solution
items
Test Settings Overview
• Test Setting is compound with the following settings:• Roles• Data Collectors & Diagnostics • Deployment• Setup and Cleanup Scripts• Hosts• Test Timeouts• Unit Test• Web Test
DEMO
Configure Your Test Settings
• To configure the your test settings, simply double click on the .testsettings file• The Test Setting window
will be display, with the General section as default
Data & Diagnostics
• In this module we will demonstrate how to collect
data and diagnostics data on your local machine
• We will focus on the next data collectors
• Event Log
• IntelliTrace
• System Information
• Video Recorder
• * Custom Collectors
Event Log
• Enable the Event Log and click to configure it• The Configuration Dialogue will be presented:
IntelliTrace• Enabling this collector during the test can be
helpful for programmers attempting to reproduce a bug and decreasing the time spent on debugging the application
System Information
• The System Information data collectors collects data about your operating system • The input is an XML file formatted in this kind of
structure
Video Recorder
• Video Recorder – Records the desktop (audio and video) on demand
DEMO
Using Data Collectors
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DEMO
Creating Custom Data Collector
Coded UI Test Editor
• Remove unwanted UI actions• Changes the names for test methods and controls• View and Open Properties Window for selected item• Split one action into multiple methods• Adds custom code to your test methods by moving to
UImap.cs• Add a pause prior to a UI action specified in milliseconds• Identifies the location of the control in the UI of application
under test
DEMO
Coded UI Test Editor
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Asserts
• AreEqual• AreNotEqual• AreSame• Fail• Inconclusive• IsFalse / IsTrue• IsInstanceOfType / IsNotInstanceOfType• IsNotNull / IsNull
It’s not enough just clicking the buttons
What are assertions?..
• Methods that let you validate properties of your user interface elements• You typically compare the value of control
properties with an expected value• Expected value can be hard coded or come
from parameters or external files• Assertions use the Unit Test assertion
methods
Assert Types
• They are few types of asserts Assert.AreEqual - will compare between object property
value to the expected value, if the value is True – pass the test, otherwise fail the test.
Assert.Fail – Will fail the test with not no condition if stated for example Assert.Fail(); could be used also with external condition i.e
if (!maxTestRuns == 0) Assert.Fail(“Test failed”)
Assert Types
• CollectionAssert Class - Verifies that two specified collections are equal, Two collections are equal if they have the same elements in the same order and quantity. i.e. CollectionAssert.AllItemsAreNotNull(actual); - will test if all items are not null
• StringAssert Class – Compare between strings i.e. StringAssert.Contains(String Value, String Substring, String Message) – will test that the first string contains the second substring, the string must be case sensitive
Assert Method Code/// <summary>/// CheckResult - Use 'CheckResultExpectedValues' to pass parameters into this method./// </summary>public void CheckResult(){ #region Variable Declarations WinText uIItem0Text = this.UICalculatorWindow.UIItem0Text; #endregion
// Verify that the 'Name' property of '0' label equals 'Result' Assert.AreEqual(this.CheckResultExpectedValues.UIItem0TextName, uIItem0Text.Name);
// Verify that the 'DisplayText' property of '0' label equals '0' Assert.AreEqual(this.CheckResultExpectedValues.UIItem0TextDisplayText, uIItem0Text.DisplayText);{
DEMO
Create Asserts
Create Planned Test Lists – Order Tests
• An ordered test is a container that holds other tests
and guarantees that tests run in a specific order
• You can add/remove test from an .ordertest file and
run it the Test Explorer or via TFS Build
DEMO
Ordered Test & Playlist
Data Driven Tests
• You can run your test case multiple times using
other different sets of data
• You can use MTM Test Case items as data source, as
well as XML, CSV, XSL and SQL Express
Data Sources TypesData Source Type Data Source Attribute Test Case in TFS [DataSource("Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.DataSource.TestCase", "
http://TFSServer:8080/tfs/DefaultCollection;ProjectName", "30", DataAccessMethod.Sequential), TestMethod]
XML [DataSource("Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.DataSource.XML", "|DataDirectory|\\data.xml", "Iterations", DataAccessMethod.Sequential), DeploymentItem("data.xml"), TestMethod]
CSV [DataSource("Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.DataSource.CSV", "|DataDirectory|\\data.csv", "data#csv", DataAccessMethod.Sequential), DeploymentItem("data.csv"), TestMethod]
XLS DataSource("System.Data.Odbc", "Dsn=Excel Files;Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};dbq=|DataDirectory|\\Data.xls;defaultdir=.;driverid=790;maxbuffersize=2048;pagetimeout=5;readonly=true", "Sheet1$", DataAccessMethod.Sequential), TestMethod]
SQL Express [DataSource("System.Data.SqlClient", "Data Source=.\\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=tempdb;Integrated Security=True", "Data", DataAccessMethod.Sequential), TestMethod]
Data Driven Tests
In Visual Studio 2012 You will have to insert the DataSource attribute directly in the code in the line above your testmethod.
[DataSource("Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.DataSource.CSV", "|DataDirectory|\\data.csv", "data#csv", DataAccessMethod.Sequential), DeploymentItem("data.csv"), TestMethod]public void CodedUITestMethod1()} this.UIMap.CheckResultExpectedValues.UIItem0TextName = TestContext.DataRow["ResultValue"].ToString(); this.UIMap.CheckResult();{
Use XML As Data Source
• Create a new XML file in Visual Studio• Compose your data in the next order• Open new root tag under <Item></ Item >• Add all the other parameters between to first root tag
till his closing:<URL>http://www.formbreeze.com/demo.htm</URL> <FirstName>John</FirstName> <LastName>Doe</LastName> <Email>john.doe@outlook.com</Email> <Phone>+972 054 54545454</Phone> <HeardAboutUs>Other</HeardAboutUs>
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DEMO
Data Source
Multiple UIMaps
• Logical partitions when testing large application, each UIMap can be related to a specific module or a page, for instance Customer module or login page• Each tester can work and be responsible on
different sector, which means he will no other tester working on the same resource, avoiding multiple check-ins• Easier to maintain, you “know the ropes”, not
dealing with on file with thousands of code lines
DEMO
Working with Multiple UIMaps
Extracting Dynamic Data
• Some parts of your test framework will include a dynamic value you will to use at runtime• When creating new data it might be rendered and
presented differently or randomly.• In the following example I’ll show you how get a
text from an alert box - http://www.w3schools.com/js/tryit.asp?filename=tryjs_alert
Extract property value from an object (UIMap)
The first step is creating a new browser launch within the wanted URL
public void LaunchPassGen()
{
BrowserWindow PassGenWindow;
PassGenWindow = BrowserWindow.Launch("http://www.w3schools.com/js/tryit.asp?filename=tryjs_alert");
}
Extract property value from an object (UIMap)
Second step is to automate the click on the button that executes the popup windowYou can either record it or hand code it
public void ClickBTN()
{
#region Variable Declarations
HtmlInputButton uIShowalertboxButton = this.UITryitEditorv17WindowWindow.UITryitEditorv17Document.UIViewFrame.UIHttpwwww3schoolscomjDocument.UIShowalertboxButton;
#endregion
// Click 'Show alert box' button
Mouse.Click(uIShowalertboxButton, new Point(53, 11));
}
Extract property value from an object (GetPropertyValue)Explore the object and see which property value you can and
want to extractIn this example we will extract the innerText value from the popup object identifying it by searching for the window name
public static class SharedActions
{
public static string GetPropertyValue()
{
WinWindow popUpWindow = new WinWindow();
popUpWindow.SearchProperties[WinWindow.PropertyNames.Name] = "Message from webpage";
WinText innerText = new WinText(popUpWindow);
string text = innerText.DisplayText;
return text;
}
DEMO
Advanced Coded UI
Playback Settings
• In a coded UI test playback, you can instruct a certain test method to work in a different way, for instance• You can postpone the executing of a method until the
involved control will be ready• You can add a delay time between test methods• You can decide which methods will not fail the test even
though they failed and more…
Playback Settings
• Playback is configured by modifying the fields in Playback.Playbacksettings class.• Playback.wait - Make playback wait for certain event or
time• Continue on Error – The engine will continue on to the
next action after an error
Playback.Wait
• WaitForReadyControl()– This waits for the control to be ready to accept mouse/keyboard input.
• WaitForControEnabled() – This waits for the control to be enabled. For example, you can use this wait till the “Next” button of the wizard is enabled
• WaitForControlExisted() – This waits for the control to exist on the UI. For example, you are expecting an error dialog after the application has done the validation of the parameters.
Example of using WaitForControlCondition
Error Handling
• Raise events when an exception occurs during playback• Catch the exception and use PlaybackError Event
[TestMethod]public void CodedUITestMethod1()} Playback.PlaybackError += Playback_PlaybackError;}
void Playback_PlaybackError(object sender, PlaybackErrorEventArgs e){ if (e.Error.Message.Contains("Can't Find")) e.Result = PlaybackErrorOptions.Skip; else e.Result = PlaybackErrorOptions.Retry;{
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Tips & Tricks
• Manually recording mouse hovers - Ctrl+Shirt+R
• Selecting a hidden control using the keyboard – Ctrl + I
• Coded UI Recorder configuration file - C:\Program Files (x86)\
Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\IDE\
CodedUITestBuilder.exe.config
• MaxLevelsForItemContainer
• RecordImplicitHover
• ExcludeProcess
Thank You
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