Accounting Career & Professional Issues Update for Students - 2014
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Tom Hood, CPA, CITP, CGMA
Towson University March 1, 2014
Tom Hood, CPA, CITP, CGMA!
Tom Hood, CPA, CITP, CGMA CEO MACPA www.macpa.org and Business Learning Institute (BLI) www.blionline.org!
http://www.linkedin.com/in/tomhood/!
If there is a conversation about the future of the profession, you're bound to hear Hood's name mentioned as one of the people leading the way.
– Accounting Today Magazine!
• Named the Second Most Influential in Accounting by Accounting Today Magazine 2013
• Linked-In Top 150 Influencer • Top 25 Influencers in Learning & HR by HR
Examiner • Top 25 Thought Leaders in Public Accounting
by CPA Practice Adviser • Working on Learning Management with
AICPA/CPA2Biz, Cloud Curriculum, Performance Management !
http://macpa.cnf.io!!
Respond to a Poll!
Ask a Question!
Select the session: NABA Baltimore/MACPA Professional Issues Update
Download today’s slides at … www.SlideShare.net/thoodcpa
Insights to Ac,on
“One without the other is either useless or destruc,ve” T
CONFERENCES.IO POLLS
CONFERENCES.IO POLLS
CONFERENCES.IO POLLS
CONFERENCES.IO POLLS
What do you want from your employer?
What are you looking for in your associa,on?
“If content is king, context is the kingdom” – Will Avgerakis
Business Landscape
Main Street Owner begins to
delegate “Focus on growth”
Bu26 Million U.S. Small Businesses
Mid-Market Delegation: departments
“System thinking”
.6M businesses
24 million
employees
3.2 million businesses 26 million employees
22 million businesses 27 million employees
Personal Businesses Consumer & Business blur
0-5 Employees
Wall Street Public Companies
Total 15,000 Listed 5,008
Public Accounting
Business, Industry, Government & NFP
44,000 Firms – 250,000 CPAs
250,000 CPAs
Big Four
Top 100 > 70 CPAs
400 > 22 CPAs 800 > 10 CPAs
10,000 > 2 CPAs 33,000 Sole CPAs
CFOs, Controllers, Analysts
A profession has three major aJributes
• A dis,nct and evolving body of knowledge • A commitment to the public interest – licensed by the government
• A code of conduct and ethics
State of Maryland CPA License
How to become a Cer,fied Public Accountant?
The four E’s (State of Maryland Example) 1. Educa,on – (150 hours) Bachelor’s degree + 30
credit hours 2. Examina,on – Pass the Uniform CPA Exam 3. Ethics – Maryland requires a separate ethics
course and examina,on 4. Experience – 1 year of experience working with a
CPA
And CPE – -‐ 80 hours of Con,nuing Professional Educa,on reported every two (2) years, including four (4) hours of ethics training
The CPA profession is part of the bigger infrastructure that supports the US free market system. Like the pipes under
urban streets, it is often invisible until it breaks.
A useful framework to understand the CPA profession!
Our infrastructure for regulating the US financial markets has been created from a series of reactions
to crises and changes and is in need of repair.
Single audits
Audit quality
Financial Regulatory Reform
Sarbanes-Oxley Act Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer
Protection Act
The history of associations – Why do we exist?
The First Amendment of the US Constitution allowed “associations”:
• freedom of speech
• to peaceably assemble • to petition the Government for a redress of grievances
Bill of Rights - submitted to the states for ratification on September 25, 1789 and adopted on December 15, 1791
US Constitution Bill of Rights
Associations in America were seen as unique from the foreign perspective
As soon as several of the inhabitants of the United States have conceived a sen4ment or an idea that they want to produce in the world, they seek each other out; and when they have found each other, they unite. From then on, they are no longer isolated men, but a power one sees from afar, whose ac,ons serve as an example; a power that speaks, and to which one listens.
– Alexis de Tocqueville
Alexis de Tocqueville 1835
Maryland played an important role in the formation of the CPA Profession in the US
• Edward Cockey - First President of AICPA
• Henry Harney - concept of CPA
• Max Teichman - founding member of MACPA
Maryland was the third state to enact CPA legislation and first state in 1928 to restrict audits to CPAs
The Profession’s Associa,ons The Standard Se6ers & Regulators
• The American Ins,tute of CPAs (AICPA) – 450,000 + members
• CPA/SEA – State Execu,ves Associa,on
• 50+ State CPA Socie,es • The Maryland Associa,on of
CPAs (MACPA) – 9,000 CPAs + 3,000 students
The CPA Profession Associa@ons
• FASB • GASB • AICPA • Na,onal Associa,on of
State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) – 54 Licensing jurisdic,ons
“People don’t buy what you do, they buy why you do what you do.”
-‐ Simon Sinek
Why MACPA?
24
The Future
30 Future Forums 1,000 CPAs
Identified these top trends
What CPAs think about the future
http://www.bizlearning.net/live/i2afutureforums
In 1997, the CPA profession crowd-‐sourced its future with over 3,500 CPAs in the CPA Vision Project
That was re-‐validated in 2011 by 8,000+ CPAs
CPAs... Making sense of a changing and complex world.
Our core purpose, our reason for being is
Here is what they said…
The DNA of the CPA Values & Competencies
• Leadership • Communica,on • Strategic Thinking • Collabora,on & Synthesis • Technologically Savvy
Our Vision Statement for the future is: ( mandates to ourselves for a successful future)
• Communica,ng the total picture with clarity and objec,vity,
• Transla,ng complex informa,on into cri,cal knowledge,
• An,cipa,ng and crea,ng opportuni,es, and
• Designing pathways that transform vision into reality.
CPAs are the trusted professionals who enable people and organizations to shape their future.
Combining insight with integrity, CPAs deliver value by:
CPAs are trusted advisors who, combining insight with integrity deliver value by:
T
Communica@ng the total picture with clarity and objec,vity Transla@ng complex informa,on into cri,cal knowledge
An@cipa@ng and crea,ng opportuni,es Turning insights into ac@on to transform vision into reality
Current State!The Shift Change!
The New Normal - VUCA
Historical Context – The Perfect Storm
• Web 2.0 • Globalization • Generations
Source: Don Tapscott - Wikinomics
T
Dealing with the Shift Change – MACPA Young Professionals
The Next Gen CPA Leaders… 1. are proactive, flexible, adaptive and collaborative by nature;
2. have regained the trust of their clients and the public at large;
3. have successfully bridged the profession’s “leadership gap” by focusing on succession planning, personal growth, and generational cooperation;
4. have created the profession’s premier global industry standards and best practices;
5. have redefined the profession through work / life integration, collaboration, and a team-first approach; and
6. have earned a reputation as technological innovators.
How? 1. Professional unity 2. Work / life integration 3. The evolving nature of leadership and new leadership models
4. Proactive, goal-focused planning
5. Networked collaboration
6. Embracing and adopting new technologies
From: To: Hierarchy Network Transactions Relationships Efficient Effective Well managed Well led Command & Control Connect &
Collaborate Push Pull Good Great
Regulations & Standards!
• Interna,onal – IASB & IFRS
• FASB & PCC • AICPA & FRF –
SME • ASB – Clarity
(12/15) • GASB Pension • PEEC hJp://cpa.tc/1us
#Accoun,ngStandards Public & Private Companies
Private Companies-‐ Small Business
Public & Private Companies
Private Companies
Private Companies-‐ Small Business
Financial Repor@ng
IFRS (IASB)
IFRS-‐SME (IASB)
GAAP (FASB)
GAAP-‐PCC (FASB)
FRF-‐SME (AICPA)
Audi@ng IAASB IAASB PCAOB ASB (AICPA)
ASB (AICPA)
ASB (AICPA)
Ethics IFAC IFAC PEEC (AICPA)
PEEC (AICPA)
PEEC (AICPA)
Happy 40th Birthday FASB!
3/3/14 T
Federal Agenda • Mobile Workforce • Tax Due Dates • What’s at Stake • Tax Simplifica,on • Amended 1099s (de minimis) • DATA Act • Keep accrual basis for personal service companies (S Corps & Partnerships)
“It is more important to stop bad bills than pass good ones.” -‐ Calvin Coolidge – President
• Sales tax on accoun,ng and tax services (defeated several ,mes) 1997 -‐ HB 580 ,2001 HB 1337, 2004 HB 1364, 2007 -‐ HB 448 , 2012 HB 1051
• Maryland corporate accountability (SOX and 404 for private companies and non-‐profits) 2003 – SB 560
• Debt counseling registra,on by CPAs 2011 -‐ SB 741
• Maryland Tax Preparers 2007 -‐ HB 998 • Compara,ve fault (several ,mes) 1998 SB 618 ,
2000 -‐ SB 779, 2001 SB 483 , 2007 -‐ HB 110 • Elimina,on of audit requirements for Maryland
cemeteries 2011 – SB 352 • AG opinion allowing CPAs to include Social
Security numbers on documents for tax services – 8/30/2011
• Got Exemp,on from MSP Private Inves,gator Registra,on
If not us, Who?
Building and Maintaining the CPA Infrastructure
• Separate funding for the State Board 2006 -‐ HB 103
• Experience requirement to make Maryland CPAs compa,ble with UAA (Uniform Accountancy Act) 2001 -‐MD COMAR 09.24.03.1
• Ethics requirement for CPE 2006 -‐MD COMAR 09.24.02.02
• Mandatory peer review and prac,ce quality 2005 – HB 1223
• Exemp,on for CPAs from Maryland (and federal) tax preparer regula,on 2008 -‐ SB 817
• Prac,ce mobility 2008 -‐ HB 1296 • Expanding acceptable CPE methods 2009 -‐ HB 69 • 120/150 CPA exam legisla,on 2011 -‐ SB 287 • Restricted audits, reviews, and compila,ons to
CPAs and added safe harbor for compila,ons 2011 -‐ HB 328
• State Board of Public Accountancy reauthoriza,on 2013 -‐ SB 238
The CPA Career
Expects a 13% growth rate in accounting and auditing jobs from 2012
to 2022
49
Demand for accounting reaches all-time high
2013 AICPA Trends Report
Accounting education records broken
2013 AICPA Trends Report
40,350 CPA firm new hires 82,177 graduates
CPA credential in high demand!
Source: Wall Street Journal, 8/13/13
25%
38%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
2006 2013
CFOs who are CPAs
Employers: Most desired credential
Solid salary growth
Entry-level demand also strong
Robert Half 2014 Salary Guide
The CPA Brand
The
A Young Professionals Story
Information Overload
“You have to understand accounting and you have to understand the nuances of accounting. It’s the language of business and it’s an imperfect language, but unless you are willing to put in the effort to learn accounting-how to read and interpret financial statements-you really shouldn’t select stocks yourself.” Warren Buffett
The CPA Exam
� Start early
� Don’t give up!
� Plan
� Suffer together
The Career Path
Lombard Street, San Francisco http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/597/cache/lombard-street-san-francisco_59769_990x742.jpg
Rebekah Brown, CPA Maryland Associa@on of CPAs Business Learning Ins@tute (443) 632-‐2320 E-‐mail Rebekah@macpa.org Web h6p://www.macpa.org h6p://www.blionline.org Blog h6p://www.cpasuccess.com Twi6er @RJBrownCPA LinkedIn Rebekah Brown, CPA
Click here to read all the blog posts this presentation was based on
The only career advice you’ll ever need…
You are in a race…!
Caused by this guy…!
It’s really a math problem…!
2006!
Picture: John Drake - Flickr!
“…where the most important skill is the ability to acquire new skills…” - Robert Safian - FastCompany!
T!
“In a period of rapid change and increasing complexity, the winners are going to be the people who can LEARN faster than the rate of CHANGE
and faster than their COMPETITION.” -‐ Tom Hood, CPA.CITP.CGMA!
6/24/13!
You can’t beat the machine…!
But you can win if you work with the machine…!
The five C’s!
• Creative & Critical Thinking!• Contextual Awareness!• Connections & Relationships!• Communication!• Collaboration!
Career Advice Winning the race against the machine!
1. Know Yourself - Strengths, Values & Passions!2. Create & Protect your brand - You are the CEO
of You, Inc."3. Keep your L>C!4. Work like an immigrant!5. Think like an artist!
Connect & Collaborate!
70
A leader’s job is to define context and provide hope and inspiration..."
Tomorrow’s CPA The Maryland Association of CPAs’ Student Group
� Benefits – � Discounts on MACPA programs � Connect with other students and
CPAs in the Mentor Center � MACPA Scholarship � Internship/Job Database � Discounts on many CPA Exam
review programs
@tomorrowscpa
www.facebook.com/TomorrowsCPA
www.macpa.org/Content/students.aspx (Join here: www.tomorrowscpa.org)
tcpa@macpa.org // julianne@macpa.org
How to join & get involved
Tom Hood, CPA.CITP CEO
Maryland Associa@on of CPAs Business Learning Ins@tute
(443) 632-‐2301 E-‐mail tom@macpa.org
Web h6p://www.macpa.org Blog h6p://www.cpasuccess.com
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