A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
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A Linked Knowledge Base forSimulation Learning
Irene Celino and Daniele Dell’Aglio
CEFRIEL, ICT Institute, Politecnico di Milano
http://swa.cefriel.it, http://iricelino.org
http://www.pandoraproject.eu
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 2011 – Heraklion, Greece – May 29th 2011
Simulation Learning
� Characteristics and aims� Improve Soft Skills, especially Decision-Making� Effective and Engaging Learning� Re-create a near-real environment
� Cheaper than on-the-field training� More effective than table-top training
� PANDORA project scenario: Crisis Management Training� Trainees are "Gold Commanders": strategic roles in the decision-
making process who monitor a crisis situation and takes decision to be dispatched to tactical agents ("Silver Commanders")
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20112A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
Knowledge in Simulation Learning� Requirements in terms of Knowledge Management
� Scenario descriptions� Events and stimuli for the trainees� Storyboards for the learning sessions� Multimedia assets� Supporting documents and guidelines� Trainees description and behaviour/decisions� Learning session monitoring
� Role of the Exercise Director (Trainer) in traditional SL� Define the exercise storyboard and ensure its planned execution� Feed information to the trainees and let them make informed decisions
� Inputs at pre-set intervals, regardless of the previous responses; or� By timing the inputs on the basis of the trainer judgment and experience
� Facilitate rather than orchestrate the exercise� Minimal trainer intervention to let trainees recognise and correct problems� Decide how much advice to trainees
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20113A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
The need for a smarter solution...
� An automated way to "play" the storyboard� Planning and Scheduling technology to support feeding the stimuli
to trainees
� A consistent way to interlink and maintain knowledge� Linked Data and Semantic Web technologies to model and
maintain the knowledge for the simulation storyboards and the training sessions recording
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20114A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
Simulation Learning Architecture
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20115A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
Simulation
Learning
Simulation Learning Environment
Behaviour
SENSING
Simulation
PLANNING
Learning
DELIVERY
Trainer
Trainees
Modelling
� Trainee profile� Registry data� Psychological data
� Before the training session (questionnaire)
� During the training session (self-assessment)
� Physiological data� Holter monitoring
(heartbeat)
� Asset modelling� Scenario description� Audio and video assets� NPC (Non-Player
Characters)
� (this part of the modelling is more similar to "usual" learning objects modelling)
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20116A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
Behaviour
SENSING
Learning
DELIVERY
Planning Knowledge
� Simulation Events � Different communication media (email, video news, phone calls, ...) � Trainees' Decisions
� Causality� Timeline-based Planning� "Synchronizations" (or Planning Rules)
� On the basis of a happened event, what other events can be triggered on what conditions and in which timeframe
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20117A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
Simulation
PLANNING
tpl:RuleTargettpl:PlanningRule
(Synchronization)tpl:RuleRelationtpl:hasTarget
tpl:hasValuetpl:hasPlanningRule
(isReferenceOf)
tpl:Event
tpl:hasRuleRelation
Provenance Tracking for Planning
� Completion and Inference rules of the OPM� Consistency checking of the
simulation modelling (at design time)
� Analysis of average trainee decisions to discover common behaviours (after learning sessions)
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20118A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
A1 Pused(R) A2wasGeneratedBy(R)
Ag
wasControlledBy(R)
Learning Session
Event or Decision Event or Decision
Trainees or NPC
A Linked Knowledge Base
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 20119A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
Sim
ula
tio
n
Tra
inin
g G
UI
Tra
ine
r
GU
ISimulation
Planner
other system components
Web of Linked Data
Trainees
Trainer
Simulation Learning Environment
Knowledge Base
Some notes on the deployment
� Distinction between local ald global uner two perspectives: � Private vs. public (preserve confidentiality and privacy)� Commercial vs. non commercial (scenario description is a business
asset for learning organizations!)
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 201110A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
Web of Linked Data
Pandora Environment
Local Installation 1
Pandora Box
Local
KB Global
KB
Pandora Environment
Local Installation 2
Pandora Box
Local
KB
LAN boundary LAN boundary
Lessons learned
� Knowledge technologies are crucial for simulation learning� Linked Data technologies can be exploited to
� Reuse and link to pre-existing knowledge� Share simulation modelling between different systems
� Semantic Web technologies are useful� "A little semantics goes a long way"� Some reasoning can be used for consistency checking (Open
Provenance Modelling)
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 201111A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation Learning
Thanks for your attention! Any question?
A Linked Knowledge Base for Simulation LearningPaper Authors: Irene Celino, Daniele Dell'Aglio
Contact: Irene Celino – Semantic Web PracticeCEFRIEL – ICT Institute, Politecnico di Milanoemail: irene.celino@cefriel.it – web: http://swa.cefriel.it
personal website: http://iricelino.orgphone: +39-02-23954266 – fax: +39-02-23954466
slides available at: http://www.slideshare.net/iricelino
Linked Learning Workshop at ESWC 2011 – Heraklion, Greece – May 29th 2011
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