A Journey Through Time… · –Telecoms, Mobile Phones –Power –Financial Transactions –Broadcasting . GPS/SatNav Nanoseconds are important Real time 3D Positioning Other Systems
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From Light Years to Nanoseconds
…A Journey Through Time…
Prof. Charles Curry, BEng, CEng, FIET Founder & Managing Director
Chronos Technology Ltd www.chronos.co.uk
Journey Through Time
Components of Time
Time in Everyday Life
When Time goes wrong!
Measuring Time
Journey Through Time
Components of Time
Components of Time
Time of Day
Timing
Phase
Essen’s Caesium 1955
Essen – the Father of UTC – Universal Coordinated Time
Light Years
6 Trillion Miles!
Leap Seconds
Leap Years
Julian Year
Sidereal Day
Speed of Light
299,792,458 m/s
~186,000 miles/s
E=mc2
104 103 102 101 1 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-6 10-7 10-8 10-9 10-10 10-11 10-12 Wavelength
(Meters)
Gamma Rays Radio Waves Infra Red Ultra Violet
Visible Light
Microwaves X-Rays
105 106 107 108 109 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 Frequency
(Cycles per second)
AM Radio -198 kHz
FM Radio 90-100 MHz
Nuclear Radiation
Medical X-Ray Machines
Licence Free Radio WiFi/DECT 2.4 GHz
Licensed Microwave Links 7-38 GHz
Radar
Ku-Band Satellite
A Full Stop “.”
Cosmic Rays
eLoran 100 kHz
GNSS 1.2 – 1.6 GHz
Microwave Oven
Journey Through Time
Time in Everyday Life
Time in Everyday Life • Location and Positioning
– Radar, SatNav
• Timing in:
– Telecoms, Mobile Phones
– Power
– Financial Transactions
– Broadcasting
GPS/SatNav Nanoseconds are important
Real time 3D Positioning
Other Systems
Vulnerabilities
Telecoms
Traffic Speed
Highway Lanes
Traffic Jams
Car Colours
Mobile Phones Smart Phones
GSM/CDMA/LTE/4G
Time
New Services
Journey Through Time
When Time goes wrong!
When Time Goes Wrong Late or Early?
A World without SatNav?
Back to Sextants, Compasses and Maps
No Communications
No Radar
No Time-Stamps on Data
No Traceability
Space Weather
Suns Spots & Solar Flairs
Aurora Borealis
11 Year Solar Cycle
Carrington Event
Electricity Grid
Satellites
Telecoms
GPS
SatNav Jamming
GPS Spoofing
GPS Story Spoofed by BBC Hacks
Journey Through Time
Measuring Time
Measuring Time
Test Equipment
Metrics
Nanoseconds
MTIE, AVAR
My Lab at Chronos
Scientist or Engineer? “The only reason for time is so that everything doesn't happen at once”
“The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible”
“Engineers deliver Scientists’ bright ideas”
From Light Years to Nanoseconds
…Back to the Present!
Prof. Charles Curry, BEng, CEng, FIET Founder & Managing Director
Chronos Technology Ltd www.chronos.co.uk
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