a-jaeng alghōzā dulcimer, Appalachian · dulcimer, Appalachian dulcimer, Kentucky dulcimer, lap ... body percussion arpeggione A fretted bowed string instrument of the 19th century,
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MP-1
a-jaengUSE ajaeng
accordeonUSE accordion
accordionUF accordeon
garmon piano accordion
BT free reed instrumentNT button-key accordion
lootspillaccordion band
An ensemble consisting of two or more accordions,with or without percussion and other instruments.
UF accordion orchestraBT instrumental ensemble
accordion orchestraUSE accordion band
acoustic bass guitarUF bass guitar, acoustic
folk bass guitarBT guitar
acoustic guitarUSE guitar
acoustic guitar, electricUSE electric guitar
actorAn actor in a non-singing role who is explicitly
required for the performance of a musicalcomposition that is not in a traditionally dramaticform.
BT performeradufo
USE tambourineaenas
USE launeddasaeolian harp
UF eolian harpBT zither
aeoliphoneUSE wind machine
aerophoneA musical instrument that creates sound through
the vibration of air without the use of strings ormembranes.
BT instrumentNT armpit squeezing
balloon free aerophone free reed instrument organ whistling wind chime wind controller wind instrument
aerostatUSE balloon
aetherphonUSE theremin
Afghan luteUSE rubab
African hand pianoUSE mbira
agbeUSE cabaca
aggueUSE cabaca
agogoA conical bell or bells mounted on a sprung steel
hoop.UF agogo bells
gan ganBT bell
agogo bellsUSE agogo
ajaengUF a-jaengBT bowed string instrument
zitherala
USE psalteryalbogon
USE albokaalbogue
USE albokaalboka
A Basque hornpipe with two pipes playedsimultaneously.
UF albogon albogue
BT double reed instrument
alghozaUSE algoja
alghozahUSE algoja
algojaA pair of end-blown flutes played simultaneously,
widespread in the Indian subcontinent.UF alghoza
alghozah algoza binon do nally jorhi jori ngoze pava pawa satara
BT duct flutealgoza
USE algojaalpenhorn
USE alphornalphorn
UF alpenhorn alpine horn
BT natural hornalpine horn
USE alphornalto (singer)
USE alto voicealto clarinet
The alto member of the clarinet family, normallypitched in E♭.
UF E♭ clarinet (alto) E-flat clarinet (alto)
BT clarinetalto flute
A flute in G, a fourth below the concert flute.UF bass flute (alto flute)BT flute
alto hornA valved brass instrument of alto pitch that is
similar to a small euphonium in shape.UF cavalry horn
E♭ horn E-flat horn mellophone tenor horn
BT saxhornalto recorder
BT recorderalto saxophone
BT saxophonealto trombone
BT trombonealto voice
UF alto (singer) contralto voice
BT female voice low voice
amadindaA log xylophone of the Ganda people of Uganda.
UF madindaBT xylophone
American dulcimerUSE Appalachian dulcimer
American Indian fluteUSE Native American flute
amzadUSE imzad
anataUSE tarka
angklung (rattle)A tuned bamboo sliding rattle of Indonesia and
Southeast Asia, or a set of such rattles.BT indirectly struck idiophone
angklung (xylophone)An East Javanese xylophone consisting of bamboo
tubes in a frame.UF kechrukBT xylophone
antaraUSE panpipes
anzadUSE imzad
anzhadUSE imzad
Appalachian dulcimerUF American dulcimer
Appalachian mountain dulcimer dulcimer, American
dulcimer, Appalachian dulcimer, Kentucky dulcimer, lap dulcimer, mountain dulcimer, plucked Kentucky dulcimer mountain dulcimer lap dulcimer plucked dulcimer
BT plucked string instrument zither
Appalachian mountain dulcimerUSE Appalachian dulcimer
arame, viola daUSE viola d'arame
araraA drum constructed by the Arara people of Cuba.
BT drumarched-top guitar
USE guitararchicembalo
USE arcicembaloarchiluth
USE archlutearchiphone
A microtonal electronic organ first built in 1970 inthe Netherlands.
BT electronic organarchlute
An extended-neck lute with two peg boxes thatwas principally used in the Baroque period, on whichthe upper courses are tuned like a Renaissance luteand the diapasons are tuned diatonically.
UF archiluth arcileuto arciliuto erzlaute liuto attiorbato
BT lutearcicembalo
A harpsichord equipped with many divided keys, ora second manual, to allow more precise tuning ofdiatonic, chromatic, and enharmonic notes.
UF archicembaloBT harpsichord
arcileutoUSE archlute
arciliutoUSE archlute
arcivioladaslyrasUSE lirone
arciviolataUSE lirone
arciviolataliraUSE lirone
armonicaUSE glass harmonica
armpit squeezingA performer who traps air in his or her armpit and
creates sound through a squeezing motion.BT aerophone
body percussionarpeggione
A fretted bowed string instrument of the 19thcentury, tuned like a guitar.
UF bowed guitar guitar violoncello
BT bowed luteatabaque
A large, narrow, single-headed conical drum fromBrazil.
UF tamborBT drum
atchereUSE cabaca
atentebenAn end-blown bamboo flute from Ghana.
BT duct fluteaudeharp
A wooden harp with sixty parallel strings in twoplanes that intersect near the middle.
BT harpaudience
One or more participants in the performance of amusical work, other than the performer(s) on stage orotherwise presenting the work.
BT ensemble performer
aulosAn ancient Greek reed instrument typically played
in pairs by one player.BT double reed instrument
MP-2
autoharpBT plucked string instrument
zitherautomatic instrument
USE mechanical instrumentautomatic musical instrument
USE mechanical instrumentautomatic organ
USE mechanical organautomatophone
USE mechanical instrumentBʹ♭ tuba
USE tubababadok
A small conical drum played by women in Timor-Leste.
UF babadok drumBT drum
babadok drumUSE babadok
baby rattleA toy rattle usually used to entertain infants, but
sometimes used as a musical instrument.BT rattle
toy instrumentbagana
USE begenabaglama
A Turkish long-necked lute.BT saz
bagpipeUF biniou
cornemuse (bagpipe) musette (bagpipe)
BT double reed instrumentNT border pipes
chiboni dudy gaita (bagpipe) misnice Northumbrian small pipe sordellina uilleann pipe veuze
bagpipe bandUSE pipe band
bajanUSE bayan
bajo sextoA large 12-string Mexican guitar.
BT guitarbala
USE balobalaban (double reed instrument)
A traditional cylindrical oboe of the Caucasas.UF balaman (double reed instrument)BT double reed instrument
balaban (single reed instrument)A single reed instrument of the Uzbek and Tajik
peoples of Central Asia.UF balaman (single-reed instrument)BT single reed instrument
balabaykaUSE balalaika
balafoUSE balo
balafonUSE balo
balafouUSE balo
balalaikaA Russian folk stringed instrument with a long neck
and triangular body.UF balabayka
balalaykaBT plucked lute
balalaika ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more balalaikas.
BT plucked instrument ensemblebalalaika orchestra
An ensemble consisting largely or wholly ofbalalaikas and domras of different sizes, usuallyincluding other Russian or Ukrainian folk instruments,percussion, woodwinds, and one or more bayans.
BT instrumental ensemblebalalayka
USE balalaikabalaman (double reed instrument)
USE balaban (double reed instrument)balaman (single-reed instrument)
USE balaban (single reed instrument)
balaphonUSE balo
balihaUSE valiha
balloonUF aerostatBT aerophone
percussion instrumentbalo
A West African gourd-resonated frame xylophone.UF bala
balafo balafon balafou balaphon
BT mallet instrumentBaltic psaltery
UF kankles kannel kantele kokle
BT psalterybamboo pipe
USE pipe (musical instrument)bambuso sonoro
An experimental bamboo organ designed by artistHans van Koolwijk.
BT organbamsari
USE bansuribamsuri
USE bansuriband
A large ensemble consisting primarily of winds,brass, and percussion.
UF concert band military band symphonic band symphonic wind ensemble symphonic winds wind band wind ensemble (band) wind orchestra wind symphony
BT instrumental ensembleNT big band
brass band drum and bugle corps fife and drum corps marching band
band, washboardUSE washboard band
band organUSE fairground organ
bandolaUSE bandurria
bandolinA 15-stringed instrument from Ecuador that derives
from the bandurria and/or bandola.BT plucked lute
bandoneonA square button-key accordion popular in South
America.BT button-key accordion
bandoraA plucked wire-strung bass instrument invented in
England in the 16th century.UF pandora
pandoreBT plucked lute
bandouraUSE bandura
banduraA Ukrainian plucked-string instrument which
combines elements of lute and zither construction.UF bandouraBT plucked string instrument
bandurriaA plucked string instrument from Spain, Latin
America, and the Philippines.UF bandola
mandurriaBT plucked lute
banjoBT plucked lute
banjo ukeUSE banjo ukulele
banjo ukuleleAn instrument combining a banjo body and ukulele
tuning.UF banjo uke
banjolele
banjouke banjulele ukulele banjo
BT plucked lutebanjolele
USE banjo ukulelebanjouke
USE banjo ukulelebanjulele
USE banjo ukulelebanka
USE ekonbansri
USE bansuribansuri
One of various types of South Asian flutes.UF bamsari
bamsuri bansri basri basuri halur husor solor
BT ductless flutebariton
USE barytonbaritone (singer)
USE baritone voicebaritone horn
The baritone instrument of the saxhorn family,pitched in B♭. For the tenor of the tuba family seeeuphonium
BT saxhornbaritone saxophone
BT saxophonebaritone voice
UF baritone (singer)BT male voice
medium voiceBaroque lute
A lute popular in 17th-18th century Europe that hasten to thirteen courses, and the upper courses aretuned to an open D minor chord.
BT lutebarrel organ
A small organ played chiefly by street musicians, inwhich a barrel with pins or staples is activated by ahand crank.
UF Dutch organ grinder organ hand organ street organ
BT mechanical organNT hydraulic barrel organ
barrel pianoA mechanical piano activated by a hand crank,
with a pinned barrel or cylinder, played chiefly bystreet musicians.
UF cylinder piano pianette piano organ street piano
BT mechanical pianobarydon
USE barytonbaryton
An 18th century bowed string instrument similar tothe bass viol, but with the addition of sympatheticwire strings which could also be plucked with the leftthumb.
UF bariton barydon lyra bastarda paradon paridon pariton viola di bordone viola paredon
BT bowed lutebasque, tambour de
USE tambourinebasri
USE bansuribass, electric
USE bass guitarbass (electric guitar)
USE bass guitarbass (singer)
USE bass voicebass (stringed instrument)
USE double bass
MP-3
bass-baritone (singer)USE bass-baritone voice
bass-baritone voiceUF bass-baritone (singer)BT low voice
male voicebass clarinet
BT clarinetbass drum
BT drumbass flute
A flute pitched in C, an octave below the concertflute.
BT flutebass flute (alto flute)
USE alto flutebass guitar
UF bass, electric bass (electric guitar) electric bass guitar
BT electric guitarbass guitar, acoustic
USE acoustic bass guitarbass horn
USE tubabass pan
USE steel drumbass recorder
BT recorderbass saxophone
BT saxophonebass trombone
BT trombonebass trumpet
USE trumpetbass tuba
USE tubabass viol
USE double bass viola da gamba
bass violinUSE cello
bass voiceUF bass (singer)BT low voice
male voicebasse de Flandre
USE bumbassbasset clarinet
A clarinet similar to the soprano clarinet but with anextended lower range.
BT clarinetbasset horn
BT clarinetbasset recorder
USE recorderbasso continuo
USE continuobassoon
BT double reed instrumentNT contrabassoon
basuriUSE bansuri
bataA double-headed hourglass drum of the Afro-
Cuban Lucumi cult.BT hourglass drum
bayanA Russian chromatic button-key accordion
developed in the 20th century.UF bajanBT button-key accordion
bazooUSE kazoo
bazookaUSE kazoo
BB♭ tubaUSE tuba
beak fluteUSE recorder
begannaUSE begena
begenaAn Ethiopian lyre with a box resonator.
UF bagana beganna
BT lyrebell
BT percussion idiophoneNT agogo
bian zhong carillon
chimes cowbell ekon handbell singing bowl sistro tubular bells
bell, clock chimeUSE clock chimes
bell, songUSE xylophone
bell, tower clockUSE clock chimes
bell lyraUSE glockenspiel
bell lyreUSE glockenspiel
bells, orchestraUSE glockenspiel
bells, orchestralUSE glockenspiel
bells (glockenspiel)USE glockenspiel
benasUSE launeddas
berimbaoUSE berimbau
berimbauA single-string Brazilian musical bow with a gourd
resonator that is played with a stick.UF berimbao
berimbau de barriga urucungu
BT musical bow struck string instrument
berimbau de barrigaUSE berimbau
bian zhongA set of bronze bells of China.
UF pien chungBT bell
bichromatic harmoniumA quarter-tone harmonium invented by Willi von
Mollendorff in the early 20th century.UF harmonium, bichromaticBT reed organ
big bandA band generally of 10-15 solo instruments,
predominantly winds, and sometimes including avocalist, that performs jazz and popular music forsocial dancing.
UF big jazz band dance band jazz band jazz orchestra stage band
BT bandbig jazz band
USE big bandbili
USE guanbilma
USE clapsticksbilo
An ancient Russian percussion plaque or disc thatis suspended from a tree.
BT percussion idiophonebin
USE vinabin bady
USE pin peatbina
USE vinabiniou
USE bagpipebinon
USE algojabirbyne
A single-reed folk instrument of Lithuania.BT single reed instrument
bisonasUSE launeddas
biwaA pear-shaped Japanese lute.
UF chikuzen-biwa gagaku-biwa gaku-biwa gogen-biwa heike-biwa kojin-biwa moso-biwa nishiki-biwa
satsuma-biwaBT plucked lute
Black Sea fiddleUSE kamanche
Black Sea kemenceUSE kamanche
bladder and stringUSE bumbass
bladder fiddleUSE bumbass
block instrumentUSE gottuvadyam
BlockfloteUSE recorder
blulA Kurdish and Armenian open wooden end-blown
flute.UF blurBT ductless flute
blurUSE blul
bodhranBT frame drum
body percussionA performer who creates percussive sounds using
body movements and body parts exclusively.BT concussion idiophoneNT armpit squeezing
body slapping finger snapping foot tapping hand clapping head rapping vocal percussion whistling
body slappingBT body percussion
Boehm fluteUSE flute
bolingozoUSE dulzaina
bombarde (shawm)USE shawm
bombardonUSE tuba
bonangA gamelan instrument consisting of two rows of
horizontal gong-kettles played with two sticks.BT percussion idiophone
bone rattleUSE notched rattle
bonesA folk clapper consisting of a pair of animal bones,
or pieces of wood or similar material, held betweenthe fingers.
BT clapper (percussion)bongo drum
USE bongosbongos
A pair of small Afro-Cuban single headed drumswith hardwood shells.
UF bongo drumBT drum
bonkoOne of four drums in the ensemble associated with
the Afro-Cuban Abakwa cult.UF bonko-enchemiya
enchemiBT drum
bonko-enchemiyaUSE bonko
boomerang clapsticksUSE clapsticks
border bagpipesUSE border pipes
border pipesA bellows-blown bagpipe of the Scottish lowlands.
UF border bagpipes borderpipes lowland bagpipes lowland pipes cauld wind bagpipes cauld wind pipes pipes, cauld wind pipes, lowland pipes, Scotish lowland Scottish lowland bagpipes Scottish lowland pipes
BT bagpipeborderpipes
USE border pipes
MP-4
bouladjelUSE vocal percussion
bouzoukeeUSE bouzouki
bouzoukiA plucked long-necked lute of the Mediterranean
Region.UF bouzoukee
buzuki buzuq
BT plucked lutebowed guitar
USE arpeggionebowed instrument
USE bowed string instrumentbowed lute
An unspecified bowed string instrument of theSachs-Hornbostel lute classification.
BT bowed string instrumentNT arpeggione
baryton campanula cello cellone dilruba double bass fiddle ghichak goge gusle haegum Hardanger fiddle kamanche keyed fiddle lira (short-necked fiddle) lira da braccio lirica lirone morin huur qobuz rabab (spike fiddle) rabeca rebec salo sarangi sarinda so duang so sam sai so u tenor violin trumpet marine viol viola violetta d'amore violin violo violotta
bowed string ensembleA mixed or unspecified ensemble of bowed string
instruments.UF string ensemble
string instrument ensemble stringed instrument ensemble strings
BT instrumental ensembleNT cello ensemble
viola ensemble violin ensemble
bowed string instrumentAn unspecified string instrument played with a
bow.UF bowed instrument
bowed stringed instrument bowed strings fretted instrument lira lyra
BT friction instrument string instrument
NT ajaeng bowed lute bumbass crwth gudulka hu qin jouhikko psalmodikon talharpa viola da braccio
bowed stringed instrumentUSE bowed string instrument
bowed stringsUSE bowed string instrument
bowl, HimalayanUSE singing bowl
bowl, singingUSE singing bowl
boy soprano (singer)USE boy soprano voice
boy soprano voiceUF boy soprano (singer)
soprano, boy (singer) treble voice
BT child soprano voice male voice
braccio, viola daUSE viola da braccio
bragaUSE cavaquinho
braguinhaUSE cavaquinho
brass bandA large ensemble consisting of brass instruments
and sometimes percussion.BT band
brass choirUSE brass ensemble
brass ensembleAn ensemble consisting of diverse brass
instruments that cannot be described by a morespecific term.
UF brass choir brass instrument ensemble brass instruments
BT wind ensembleNT cornet ensemble
horn ensemble trombone ensemble trumpet ensemble tuba ensemble
brass instrumentAn unspecified brass instrument.
BT wind instrumentNT cornet
cornett euphonium flugelhorn horn natural horn ophicleide saxhorn serpent trombone trumpet tuba
brass instrument ensembleUSE brass ensemble
brass instrumentsUSE brass ensemble
Brazilian luteUSE viola-de-cocho
bridge harpUSE harp-lute
bronze drumA drum with a bronze tympanum instead of a skin
head.UF bronze kettledrum
drum, bronzeBT percussion idiophone
bronze kettledrumUSE bronze drum
bucheUSE epinette des Vosges
bugleBT natural hornNT keyed bugle
bulbul tarangUSE bulbultarang
bulbultarangAn Indian zither with a button keyboard.
UF bulbul tarangBT zither
bull-roarerAn instrument consisting of a flat, narrow,
elongated object attached to a string that is whirledoverhead.
UF bullroarerBT free aerophone
bullroarerUSE bull-roarer
bumbaUSE bumbass
bumbassA European folk instrument consisting of a single
gut string fastened to a curved stick with an animal-bladder resonator.
UF basse de Flandre bladder and string bladder fiddle bumba fiddle, bladder Flandre, basse de poispil
BT bowed string instrument stick zither
Burmese harpUSE saung-gauk
button accordionUSE button-key accordion
button box (accordion)USE button-key accordion
button-key accordionUF button accordion
button box (accordion) squeezebox
BT accordionNT bandoneon
bayan concertina melodeon (button-key accordion)
buzukiUSE bouzouki
buzuqUSE bouzouki
Cʹ tubaUSE tuba
cabacaUF agbe
aggue atchere chekere guiro (rattle) sekere shekere
BT indirectly struck idiophonecabinet organ
USE chamber organ reed organ
caixaUSE snare drum
caixa-surdaUSE surdo
cajonA Latin American wooden box drum played with
the hands.BT percussion idiophone
calabazoUSE guiro
calachonUSE calichon
calascioneUSE calichon
calchedonUSE calichon
calichonA bass lute with six to eight courses used primarily
for continuo in 18th and 19th century Germany,Austria, and Bohemia.
UF calachon calascione calchedon callichone colachon galizona gallichone gallichon gallizona mandora mandorlauten colascione (bass lute)
BT plucked lutecallichone
USE calichoncalliope
An outdoor mechanical musical instrumentconsisting of tuned steam whistles.
BT mechanical organcalliope, explosion
USE pyrophonecalliope, fire
USE pyrophonecambiata voice
USE changing voice
MP-5
campanulaA modern bowed string instrument invented by
Helmut Bleffert that is like a cello but with 16additional resonating strings.
BT bowed lutecanza
USE reco-recocaracaxa
USE reco-recocarillon
BT bell keyboard instrument
casacaUSE reco-reco
castanetsBT concussion idiophone
cataA Cuban percussion instrument consisting of a
hollowed-out tree trunk open at both ends and struckwith wooden sticks.
UF huecoBT percussion idiophone
catacaUSE reco-reco
cauld wind bagpipesUSE border pipes
cauld wind pipesUSE border pipes
cavalUSE kaval
cavalry hornUSE alto horn
cavaquinhoA small four-stringed plucked instrument of
Portugal and Brazil.UF braga
braguinha machada machete machete-de-braga machetinho
BT plucked luteCC tuba
USE tubacelebrant
A performer who celebrates a rite or specialoccasion and is explicitly required in the performanceof a musical work.
BT performercelesta
BT keyboard instrument percussion idiophone
cell phoneA mobile phone used as a musical instrument that
is explicitly required in the performance of a musicalwork.
UF mobile phoneBT electronic instrument
celloUF bass violin
violoncelloBT bowed luteNT electric cello
violoncello piccolocello choir
USE cello ensemblecello ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or more cellos.UF cello choirBT bowed string ensemble
celloneA large cello-like instrument tuned a fourth lower
than the cello.BT bowed lute
Celtic harpUSE Irish harp
cembal d'amourA large clavichord on which the strings are struck
by tangents at their precise mid-point.BT clavichord
cembaloUSE harpsichord
cembalo verticaleUSE clavicytherium
cemenceUSE kamanche
cendaA cylindrical drum used widely in the Kerala and
Karnataka states of India.UF cende
centa chande
chenda chendamelam
BT drumcende
USE cendacenta
USE cendacervelas
USE racketcervelat
USE racketcetra
USE English guitarchakhe
A plucked zither of Thailand with three strings, twomade of silk and the third of brass.
UF ja-kae jakhay jakhe
BT plucked string instrument tube zither
chalmeyeUSE shawm
chalmieUSE shawm
chalumeauA single-reed instrument related to the clarinet.
UF mock trumpet trumpet, mock
BT single reed instrumentchalumeau (pipe)
USE pipe (musical instrument)chalumeau (shawm)
USE shawmchamadron
A organ consisting of reed pipes projectedhorizontally through louvers in a church tower thatwas invented in the 20th century.
BT organchamber orchestra
BT orchestrachamber organ
UF cabinet organBT organ
chandeUSE cenda
chang goUSE changgo
changgoA double-headed hourglass drum from Korea.
UF chang go changgu seyo go solchanggo
BT hourglass drumchanggu
USE changgochanging voice
A male adolescent singer whose voice is in theprocess of changing.
UF cambiata voiceBT male voice
charangoA small fretted plucked-string instrument of the
Andean region with a bowl made of an armadillo shellor of wood shaped like an armadillo shell.
BT plucked lutechekere
USE cabacachemical harmonica
USE pyrophonechenda
USE cendachendamelam
USE cendachi na
USE suo nachiboni
A droneless bagpipe from the Caucasus region.UF chimoni
ciboni gudastviri stviri tulum tulumi
BT bagpipechikuzen-biwa
USE biwachild (singer)
USE child's voicechild soprano (singer)
USE child soprano voice
child soprano voiceUF child soprano (singer)
soprano, child (singer)BT child's voice
high voiceNT boy soprano voice
children’s chorusBT chorus
child's voiceUF child (singer)BT singerNT child soprano voice
chimesAn unspecified set of chimes.
BT bellNT clock chimes
handchimeschimes, orchestral
USE tubular bellschimes (glockenspiel)
USE glockenspielchiming clock
USE clock chimeschimoni
USE chibonich'in
USE qinChinese lute
USE pi paChinese tom-tom
USE tom-tomChinese zither
USE zhengching (cymbals)
A small pair of hand cymbals from Southeast Asia.BT concussion idiophone
ching (gong)A large flat bronze gong of Korea.
BT gongchipendani
A mouth-resonated musical bow of the Shonapeople of Zimbabwe.
UF tshipendaniBT mouth bow
plucked string instrumentchirimia
A double-reed folk instrument played in Spain andLatin America.
UF chirisuya xirimia
BT double reed instrumentchirisuya
USE chirimiachitarra battente
A five-course metal-strung guitar of 17th and 18thcentury Italy.
UF guitare en bateauBT guitar
chitarroneUSE theorbo
chord zitherUSE harp zither
chordophoneUSE string instrument
chorusAn unspecified chorus of voices.
BT vocal ensembleNT children’s chorus
chorus changing voices equal voices men's chorus mixed chorus spoken chorus women’s chorus
chorus changing voicesBT chorus
chrometteUSE orkon
chung juanUSE ruan
ciboniUSE chiboni
cifteA Turkish double clarinet consisting of a melody
pipe and drone pipe.UF sipsiBT single reed instrument
cigar box guitarA guitar-like instrument that has an empty cigar
box as a resonator.BT plucked lute
MP-6
cimbalomA Hungarian hammered dulcimer used in both folk
and concert music.UF cymbal (cimbalom)
cymbalom cymbalum hammered dulcimer, Hungarian Hungarian hammered dulcimer kimbalom tsymbaly
BT dulcimercinema organ
USE theater organcitaharp
A zither produced by the Audet Music Co. ofBoston in the early 20th century.
BT zither plucked string instrument
citaraUSE sitar
citharaA large lyre from ancient Greece.
UF kitharaBT lyre
citharenUSE cittern
citherUSE zither
cithrenUSE cittern
citternA wire-strung plucked instrument popular in 16th
and 17th century Europe.UF citharen
cithren cittharn
BT plucked lutecittharn
USE citternclap-sticks
USE clapsticksclapper (percussion)
A general term for a percussion instrument thatconsists of two objects that clap together.
BT concussion idiophoneNT bones
jin qian banclapping, foot
USE foot tappingclapping, hand
USE hand clappingclapping sticks
USE clapsticksclapsticks
An Aboriginal Australian percussion instrumentconsisting of a pair of hardwood sticks that are strucktogether.
UF bilma boomerang clapsticks clap-sticks clapping sticks musicsticks
BT concussion idiophone percussion idiophone
clarinetUF clarionet
primer clarinetBT single reed instrumentNT alto clarinet
bass clarinet basset clarinet basset horn clarinette d'amour contra-alto clarinet contrabass clarinet sopranino clarinet
clarinet choirAn ensemble consisting of two or more clarinets.
UF clarinet ensembleBT woodwind ensemble
clarinet d'amourUSE clarinette d'amour
clarinet ensembleUSE clarinet choir
clarinette d'amourUF clarinet d'amour
clarinetto d'amoreBT clarinet
clarinetto d'amoreUSE clarinette d'amour
clarionetUSE clarinet
classical guitarUSE guitar
clavecin verticalUSE clavicytherium
clavesA Latin American percussion instrument consisting
of a pair of short, thick, hardwood sticks that arestruck together.
BT concussion idiophoneclavi-harp
USE claviharpeclavichord
A European keyboard instrument on which thestrings are struck by tangents.
BT keyboard instrument struck string instrument zither
NT cembal d'amour pedal clavichord
clavicylinderA keyboard instrument invented in 1799 that
sounds when curved metal rods attached to the keyscontact a rotating wet glass cylinder.
UF euphonium (clavicylinder) Klavizylinder
BT friction idiophone keyboard instrument
clavicytheriumAn upright harpsichord with vertical soundboard.
UF cembalo verticale clavecin vertical klaviziterium klavizitherium
BT harpsichordclaviharpe
A 19th century instrument that combines a harpwith a keyboard.
UF clavi-harp keyed harp
BT harp keyboard instrument
claviolineAn electronic keyboard instrument invented in
1947 that was a forerunner to the analog synthesizer.BT electronic keyboard
claviorganAn instrument combining a harpsichord and an
organ, in which the strings and pipes sound together.UF claviorganumBT keyboard instrument
plucked string instrument zither
claviorganumUSE claviorgan
clock, musicalUSE musical clock
clock chime bellUSE clock chimes
clock chimesA clock equipped with carillon or other chiming
mechanism. For a clock equipped with a mechanicalorgan use musical clock.
UF bell, clock chime bell, tower clock chiming clock clock chime bell tower clock bell
BT chimes mechanical instrument
clock-organUSE musical clock
cloud chamber bowlsAn instrument invented by Harry Partch that
consists of tuned glass bowls suspended in a frame.BT percussion idiophone
coach-hornUSE post horn
colachonUSE calichon
colascioneAn Italian long-neck lute derived from the Middle
Eastern tanbur, in which two or three courses ofstrings are played with a plectrum.
BT plucked lutecolascione (bass lute)
USE calichoncommon flute
USE recordercomputer
A computer that is explicitly required in theperformance of a musical work.
BT electronic instrument
computer printerA printer activated by a computer and used as
medium of performance.BT electronic instrument
conʻʺUSE saung-gauk
conʻʺ kokʻUSE saung-gauk
concert bandUSE band
concert fluteUSE flute
concert grand (piano)USE piano
concertinaA button-key accordion on which the button motion
is in the same direction as that of the bellows.UF squashboxBT button-key accordion
concertina ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more
concertinas.BT instrumental ensemble
concussion idiophoneAn idiophone that consists of two or more
complimentary sonorous parts struck against eachother.
BT struck idiophoneNT body percussion
castanets ching (cymbals) clapper (percussion) clapsticks claves cymbal finger cymbals
conductorA conductor who is also a performer, as explicitly
stated by the composer.UF director, music
music conductor music director
BT performerconga
A tall, narrow, single-headed Afro-Cuban drum.UF conga drum
tumbadoraBT drumNT quinto (drum)
conga drumUSE conga
continuoAn instrumental practice of the 17th and 18th
centuries in which one or more instruments improvisea chordal accompaniment from a written bass line.
UF basso continuo figured bass thoroughbass through bass
BT ensemble instrument
contra-alto clarinetAn instrument of the clarinet family pitched in E♭, a
fourth higher than the contrabass clarinet.UF contralto clarinetBT clarinet
contra-bass clarinetUSE contrabass clarinet
contrabassUSE double bass
contrabass clarinetAn instrument of the clarinet family pitched two
octaves below the soprano clarinet.UF contra-bass clarinet
pedal clarinetBT clarinet
contrabass fluteBT flute
contrabass recorderBT recorder
contrabass saxophoneBT saxophone
contrabass tubaUSE tuba
contrabassoonUF double bassoonBT bassoon
contralto clarinetUSE contra-alto clarinet
contralto voiceUSE alto voice
MP-7
cor anglaisUSE English horn
cornabouxUSE cornett
cornamusaUF cornemuse (cornamusa)BT double reed instrument
cornemuse (bagpipe)USE bagpipe
cornemuse (cornamusa)USE cornamusa
cornetA valved brass instrument of contralto or soprano
pitch that was developed in the late 1820s.UF cornopeanBT brass instrument
cornet a bouquinUSE cornett
cornet ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more cornets.
BT brass ensemblecorneta
USE cornettcornett
An wind instrument popular in the 16th and 17thcenturies that consists of a conical wooden pipe withfinger holes and a cup mouthpiece.
UF cornaboux cornet a bouquin corneta cornetto zink
BT brass instrumentcornetto
USE cornettcornopean
USE cornetcorps, drum and bugle
USE drum and bugle corpscorps, drum and fife
USE fife and drum corpscorps, fife and drum
USE fife and drum corpscortaldi
USE racketcortalli
USE racketcountertenor (singer)
USE countertenor voicecountertenor voice
UF countertenor (singer)BT male voice
cowbellA percussion instrument similar to bells worn by
livestock, but without a clapper.BT bell
cristalA musical instrument constructed of glass rods
attached to tuned metal stems that are sounded bythe friction of moistened fingers rubbed on the glass.
UF Cristal Baschet crystal organ
BT friction idiophoneCristal Baschet
USE cristalcromorne
USE crumhorncrot
USE crwthcrotales
Small cymbals tuned to a definite pitch.BT percussion idiophone
crouthUSE crwth
crowd (crwth)USE crwth
crumhornA capped double-reed instrument most commonly
used in Renaissance Europe.UF cromorne
krummhornBT double reed instrument
crwthA Welsh lyre that has been bowed since the 11th
century.UF crot
crouth crowd (crwth)
BT bowed string instrument lyre
crystal organUSE cristal
csakanA walking stick recorder originating around Vienna
in the early 19th century.UF csakanyBT recorder
csakanyUSE csakan
cuatroAny of several distinct Latin American or Carribean
instruments of the guitar family.BT plucked lute
cuenaUSE quena
cuicaA Brazilian friction drum whose pitch can be
changed by applying varying pressure to the drumhead.
UF puita quica
BT friction drumcurtal
USE dulciancylinder piano
USE barrel pianocymbal
A single cymbal suspended on a stand, or a pair ofcymbals struck together.
BT concussion idiophone percussion idiophone
NT jhanjhcymbal (cimbalom)
USE cimbalomcymbalom
USE cimbalomcymbalum
USE cimbalomda tong
A type of er hu used in performances of Hunanflower drum drama.
BT er hudaf
USE daffdaff
A round single-headed frame drum from the MiddleEast and North Africa.
UF daf daph duff
BT frame drumdamba
A Ghanaian hourglass drum played at the dambafestival.
BT hourglass drumđan bau
A single-string zither of Vietnam.UF đan đoc huyenBT plucked string instrument
zitherđan đoc huyen
USE đan bauđan tranh
A 16-string board zither of Vietnam.BT zither
dance bandUSE big band
dancerA dancer who is explicitly required by the
composer for the performance of a musical work.BT performerNT tap dancer
daphUSE daff
darabukeUSE darabukka
darabukkaA single-headed goblet drum found in the Middle
East and North Africa.UF darabuke
darboukka darbuga darbuka darbukka derabucca derbouka derbuga derbukka dumbek
BT goblet drumdarboukka
USE darabukkadarbuga
USE darabukka
darbukaUSE darabukka
darbukkaUSE darabukka
daruanUSE ruan
daulUSE tupan
dauleUSE dholi
davulUSE dholi
daxophoneA bowed idiophone consisting of a narrow, flat strip
of wood anchored at one end, invented by HansReichel in the 1980s.
BT friction idiophonedeblek
USE dumbelekderabucca
USE darabukkaderbouka
USE darabukkaderbuga
USE darabukkaderbukka
USE darabukkadescant recorder
USE soprano recorderdescant viol
USE pardessus de violedevil's fiddle
USE skrzypcedevil's violin
USE skrzypcedhavul
USE tavildhimay
A double-headed cylindrical drum from Nepal.UF dhimeBT drum
dhimeUSE dhimay
dhol (Caucasian drum)USE dholi
dholiA Caucasian and Middle Eastern double-headed
cylindrical drum with laced heads.UF daule
davul dhol (Caucasian drum) dohol doli doul
BT drumdi
USE di zidi zi
A Chinese transverse flute.UF di
dizi ti-tse
BT ductless flutediabelskie skrzypce
USE skrzypcediable skrzype
USE skrzypcediddley bow
A single-string zither of the rural American South.BT plucked string instrument
zitherdidgeridoo
USE didjeridudidjeridoo
USE didjeridudidjeridu
An Aboriginal Australian brass instrument.UF didgeridoo
didjeridoo digeridoo dijiridu
BT natural horndigeridoo
USE didjeridudigital harpsichord
USE electronic harpsichorddigital keyboard
USE electronic keyboarddigital piano
USE electronic pianodigital player piano
An acoustic piano with added digital technology
MP-8
digital player piano (Continued)allowing for recording and playback of pianoperformances, as in a player piano.
UF hybrid piano recording and reproducing piano
BT electronic instrument player piano
dijiriduUSE didjeridu
dilrubaA long-necked, fretted fiddle of Northern India and
Pakistan.BT bowed lute
director, musicUSE conductor
diziUSE di zi
djembeAn African goat skin goblet drum played with bare
hands.UF jembe
jenbeBT goblet drum
do nallyUSE algoja
dobroUSE resonator guitar
doholUSE dholi
dolcainaUSE dulzaina
dolceolaA zither with a keyboard manufactured in the early
20th century.UF dulceolaBT keyboard instrument
zitherdolcian
USE dulciandolcino
USE dulciandoli
USE dholidolzaina
USE dulzainadolzoni
USE dulciandomback
USE zarbdombak
USE zarbdombira
USE dombradombra
A long-necked two-string plucked lute of CentralAsia.
UF dombira dumbrak
BT plucked lutedomra
A long-necked plucked lute of Russia with a roundbody and three or four strings.
BT plucked lutedotar
USE dutardouble B-flat tuba
USE tubadouble bass
UF bass (stringed instrument) bass viol contrabass stand-up bass string bass upright bass
BT bowed lutedouble bass viol
USE violonedouble bassoon
USE contrabassoondouble C tuba
USE tubadouble reed instrument
An unspecified double reed instrument.BT reed instrumentNT alboka
aulos bagpipe balaban (double reed instrument) bassoon chirimia cornamusa crumhorn
duduk (double reed instrument) dulcian dulzaina English horn gralla guan hautbois de Poitou heckelphone hichiriki kol mey mukhavina nagasvaram oboe pi pʻiri practice chanter racket rgya-gling sahnai sarrusophone shawm suo na tʻaepʻyongso tenora zumari zurna
doulUSE dholi
drumAn unspecified drum.
BT membranophone percussion instrument
NT arara atabaque babadok bass drum bongos bonko cenda conga dhimay dholi frame drum friction drum ghata goblet drum hourglass drum kanjira lambeg drum madal mridanga naykhim ngoma par pung rebana repinque snare drum tabla taiko tambou tasha tavil timbales criollos timpani tom-tom tumba tupan yaogu yuka
drum, bronzeUSE bronze drum
drum, steelUSE steel drum
drum and bugle corpsA musical marching ensemble consisting of brass
instruments, percussion instruments, and color guard,but excluding woodwind instruments.
UF corps, drum and bugle drum corps
BT banddrum and fife corps
USE fife and drum corpsdrum circle
A group of people informally gathered, usually in acircle, who play improvised rhythms on worldpercussion instruments.
BT percussion ensembledrum corps
USE drum and bugle corps
drum kitUSE drum set
drum machineAny of a broad range of electronic instruments that
combine the functions of the synthesizer and thesequencer in a way specially adapted to thegeneration of polyphonic percussion patterns.
UF electronic drum electronic percussion preset rhythm machine rhythm machine sampling drum machine
BT electronic instrumentdrum set
A collection of percussion instruments played by asingle player, typically consisting of a snare drum,kick drum, tom-toms, hi-hat, and cymbals.
UF drum kit drumset trap kit trap set traps
BT percussion instrumentdrumset
USE drum setduct flute
An unspecified wind instrument on which a narrowduct directs the air stream against a sharp edge.
BT edge-blown instrumentNT algoja
atenteben dvorgrle flageolet iwabue khlui melody flute Native American flute ocarina penny whistle pinkullu pipe (musical instrument) recorder saxoflute suling svirala tarka whistle
ductless fluteAn unspecified wind instrument that does not have
an air duct, and instead the player creates a ribbon-shaped stream of air with the lips.
BT edge-blown instrumentNT bansuri
blul di zi fife flute huang zhong kagurabue kaval koauau kurai limbe nay (flute) nokan panpipes quena ryuteki saluang sao shakuhachi shinobue supeljka tanso venu washint xiao xun
dudeUSE dudy
duduk (double reed instrument)A double-reed instrument of ancient Armenian
origin.UF dudukiBT double reed instrument
duduk (duct flute)USE svirala
dudukiUSE duduk (double reed instrument)
dudyA bagpipe found in Poland and Czech Republic.
MP-9
UF dudeBT bagpipe
duffUSE daff
dulceolaUSE dolceola
dulcianA Renaissance double-reed in one piece, the
predecessor of the modern bassoon.UF curtal
dolcian dolcino dolzoni dulzian
BT double reed instrumentdulcimer
A zither whose strings are sounded by striking withhammers.
UF Hackbrett hammer dulcimer hammered dulcimer salterio
BT struck string instrument zither
NT cimbalom khim santur tambal yang qin yanggum yoochin (dulcimer)
dulcimer, AmericanUSE Appalachian dulcimer
dulcimer, AppalachianUSE Appalachian dulcimer
dulcimer, KentuckyUSE Appalachian dulcimer
dulcimer, lapUSE Appalachian dulcimer
dulcimer, mountainUSE Appalachian dulcimer
dulcimer, pluckedUSE Appalachian dulcimer
dulcimer ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more dulcimers.
BT instrumental ensembledulcitone
A tuning fork piano created by Thomas Machell inthe late 19th century.
UF tuning fork pianoBT keyboard instrument
percussion idiophonedultzaina
USE dulzainadulzaina
A double-reed folk instrument of Spain and theBasque region.
UF bolingozo dolcaina dolzaina dultzaina pito
BT double reed instrumentdulzian
USE dulciandumbeg
USE dumbelekdumbek
USE darabukka dumbelek
dumbelekA single-headed goblet drum of Syria and Turkey.
UF deblek dumbeg dumbek
BT goblet drumdumbrak
USE dombradundun
USE talking drumdutar
Any one of various types of long-neck fretted lutesof the Middle East and Central Asia.
UF dotarBT plucked lute
Dutch organUSE barrel organ
dvogrlaUSE dvorgrle
dvogrleUSE dvorgrle
dvorgrlaUSE dvorgrle
dvorgrleA double flute of Herzegovina.
UF dvogrla dvogrle dvorgrla
BT duct flutedynaphone
USE telharmoniume-cello
USE electric celloE♭ clarinet (alto)
USE alto clarinetE♭ clarinet (sopranino)
USE sopranino clarinetE-flat clarinet (alto)
USE alto clarinetE-flat clarinet (sopranino)
USE sopranino clarinetE-flat horn
USE alto horne-guitar
USE electric guitarE♭ horn
USE alto horne-violin
USE electric violinedge-blown instrument
A woodwind instrument whose sound is created byblowing across an edge.
BT woodwind instrumentNT duct flute
ductless flute suifukin
ekonA bell made from two pieces of metal, lacking a
clapper, and struck on the outside, used by the Afro-Cuban Abakwa people.
UF banka ekong
BT bellekong
USE ekonekue
An Afro-Cuban single-headed friction drum with aloose shaft.
BT friction drumelectric acoustic guitar
USE electric guitarelectric bass guitar
USE bass guitarelectric cello
UF e-cello electronic violoncello
BT cello electronic instrument
electric guitarAn acoustic or solid-bodied guitar that is
electronically amplified.UF acoustic guitar, electric
e-guitar electric acoustic guitar electro-acoustic guitar electroacoustic guitar
BT electronic instrument guitar
NT bass guitarelectric harpsichord
USE electronic harpsichordelectric organ
USE electronic organelectric piano
USE electronic pianoelectric violin
An acoustic or solid-bodied violin that iselectronically amplified.
UF e-violin electronic violin
BT electronic instrument violin
electrical orchestraUSE Novachord
electro-acoustic guitarUSE electric guitar
electroacoustic guitarUSE electric guitar
electronic drumUSE drum machine
electronic harpsichordUF digital harpsichord
electric harpsichord
MIDI-harpsichordBT electronic instrument
harpsichordelectronic instrument
An instrument that produces sounds by outputtingan electric audio signal.
BT instrumentNT cell phone
computer computer printer digital player piano drum machine electric cello electric guitar electric violin electronic harpsichord electronic organ electronic piano electronics electronium heliphon MIDI controller mouseketier ondes Martenot percussion controller piano-harp radio receiver sampler sequencer synthesizer television set telharmonium theremin trautonium
electronic keyboardUF digital keyboard
keyboard synthesizerBT keyboard instrument
synthesizerNT clavioline
Novachordelectronic keyboard ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or more electronickeyboards.
BT electronics keyboard ensemble
electronic organAn organ that produces sounds only through
electronic means, or that has electroacoustical orelectromechanical elements.
UF electric organBT electronic instrument
organNT archiphone
Novachordelectronic organ ensemble
BT keyboard ensembleelectronic percussion
USE drum machineelectronic piano
A piano that produces sounds through digitaloscillators or through digital synthesis.
UF digital piano electric piano
BT electronic instrument keyboard instrument
electronic trumpetUSE wind controller
electronic valve instrumentUSE wind controller
electronic violinUSE electric violin
electronic violoncelloUSE electric cello
electronic wind instrumentUSE wind controller
electronicsUnspecified electronic sounds, either produced live
or from a recording.UF tape (electronics)BT electronic instrument
instrumental ensembleNT electronic keyboard ensemble
live electronics processed sound
electroniumUF elektroniumBT electronic instrument
keyboard instrumentelektronium
USE electronium
MP-10
enasUSE launeddas
enchemiUSE bonko
English fluteUSE recorder
English guitarUF cetraBT plucked lute
English hornUF cor anglais
tenor oboeBT double reed instrument
engomaUSE ngoma
enharmonic organUSE organ
ensembleA group that is not named according to number of
performers or a more specific medium ofperformance.
NT audience continuo instrumental ensemble mixed media pin peat vocal ensemble
eochinUSE yoochin (dulcimer)
eolian harpUSE aeolian harp
epinette de VosgesUSE epinette des Vosges
epinette des VosgesUF buche
epinette de Vosges Vosges, epinette des
BT psalteryequal voices
A chorus in which all the voices parts are for onetype of voice.
BT choruser hu
UF erhuBT hu qinNT da tong
zhong huerhu
USE er huerzlaute
USE archluteeunuch flute
USE kazooeuphonium
The tenor instrument of the tuba family. For thebaritone of the saxhorn family see baritone horn.
BT brass instrumenteuphonium (clavicylinder)
USE clavicylindereVI (electronic valve instrument)
USE wind controllereVI wind controller
USE wind controllereWI (electronic wind instrument)
USE wind controllerexplosion calliope
USE pyrophoneexplosion organ
USE pyrophonefabiol
USE flaviolfair organ
USE fairground organfairground organ
A mechanical organ used for outdoorentertainments and circuses.
UF band organ fair organ showground organ
BT mechanical organfeadog stain
USE penny whistlefeli
A single-headed goblet drum with attached metalrattles.
BT goblet drumfemale voice
UF woman's voiceBT singerNT alto voice
mezzo-soprano voice soprano voice
fiddleBT bowed lute
fiddle, Black SeaUSE kamanche
fiddle, bladderUSE bumbass
fiddle, devil'sUSE skrzypce
fiddle, nun'sUSE trumpet marine
fiddle, strawUSE xylophone
fifeBT ductless flute
fife and drum bandUSE fife and drum corps
fife and drum corpsUF corps, drum and fife
corps, fife and drum drum and fife corps fife and drum band
BT bandfigured bass
USE continuofinger cymbals
UF zilia zils
BT concussion idiophonefinger snapping
BT body percussionfire calliope
USE pyrophonefire organ
USE pyrophoneflabiol
USE flaviolflageolet
BT duct fluteflame organ
USE pyrophoneflamenco guitar
USE guitarFlandre, basse de
USE bumbassflat-top guitar
USE guitarflauta pastoril
USE gaita (pipe)flauto dolce
USE recorderflaviol
UF fabiol flabiol fluviol
BT pipe (musical instrument)flugelhorn
BT brass instrumentflute
The flute of European art music. For generic usesof flute see ductless flute or duct flute.
UF Boehm flute concert flute transverse flute
BT ductless fluteNT alto flute
bass flute contrabass flute piccolo
flute choirAn ensemble of two or more flutes of any type.
UF flute ensembleBT woodwind ensemble
flute clockUSE musical clock
flute ensembleUSE flute choir
flute-playing clockUSE musical clock
fluviolUSE flaviol
folk bass guitarUSE acoustic bass guitar
foot clappingUSE foot tapping
foot percussionUSE foot tapping
foot tappingUF clapping, foot
foot clapping foot percussion podorhythm
tapping, footBT body percussion
fortepianoUSE piano
frame drumA struck drum, with or without handles, in which
the depth of the body does not exceed thecircumference of the membrane.
BT drumNT bodhran
daff parai tamborim tambourine tar (drum)
free aerophoneAn aerophone in which the vibrating air is not
confined by the instrument.BT aerophoneNT bull-roarer
free reed instrumentAn instrument in which the reeds move freely at
one end, not overlapping any opening.BT aerophoneNT accordion
mouth organ pitchpipe reed organ
French hornUSE horn
fretless zitherUSE harp zither
fretted instrumentUSE bowed string instrument
friction drumA drum in which the membrane is made to vibrate
through direct or indirect friction.BT drum
friction instrumentNT cuica
ekuefriction idiophone
BT idiophone friction instrument
NT clavicylinder cristal daxophone glass glass harmonica singing bowl verrophone waterphone wind machine
friction instrumentAn instrument sounded by the use of direct or
indirect friction to the instrument itself.BT instrumentNT bowed string instrument
friction drum friction idiophone hurdy-gurdy
frulaUSE svirala
full orchestraUSE orchestra
gadulkaUSE gudulka
Gaelic harpUSE Irish harp
gagaku-biwaUSE biwa
gaita (bagpipe)BT bagpipe
gaita (pipe)UF flauta pastorilBT pipe (musical instrument)
gaku-biwaUSE biwa
galizonaUSE calichon
gallichonUSE calichon
gallichoneUSE calichon
gallizonaUSE calichon
galoubetUF jombarde
txistuBT pipe (musical instrument)
gamba, viola daUSE viola da gamba
MP-11
gamba (family of viols)USE viol
gambangA wooden or bamboo xylophone of Malaysia and
Indonesia.BT xylophone
gamelanAn ensemble from Bali, Java, and the surrounding
areas consisting of various gongs, metallophonesand drums.
UF gamelangBT instrumental ensembleNT gamelan degung
gamelan genggong gamelan gong gede gamelan gong kebyar gamelan jegog gamelan joged bumbung gamelan semar pegulingan
gamelan degungA small gamelan ensemble from Sunda.
BT gamelangamelan genggong
A gamelan ensemble from Bali.BT gamelan
gamelan gong gedeA large gamelan ensemble associated with
Balinese temples and old court ceremonies.UF gong gedeBT gamelan
gamelan gong kebyarA 20th century gamelan from North Bali.
UF gong kebyarBT gamelan
gamelan jegogA gamelan consisting of bamboo xylophones from
West Bali.UF jegogBT gamelan
gamelan joged bumbungA gamelan consisting of four or more tingklik with
added flutes, drums and gong, used to accompanysocial dance.
UF gamelan pajogedan joged bumbung pejogedan bumbung
BT gamelangamelan pajogedan
USE gamelan joged bumbunggamelan semar pagulingan
USE gamelan semar pegulingangamelan semar pegulingan
A court gamelan from Bali.UF gamelan semar pagulingan
semar pagulingan semar pegulingan
BT gamelangamelang
USE gamelangamlka
USE gudulkagan gan
USE agogogangan
USE talking drumganza
USE reco-recogao hu
A string instrument similar to the er hu, but smallerand with a higher tone.
UF gaohu high hu yue hu
BT hu qingaohu
USE gao hugarmon
USE accordiongayagum
USE kayagumgazoo
USE kazoogazooka
USE kazoogazoota
USE kazooge hu
A large four-stringed Chinese instrument from the1950s that is tuned like a cello.
UF gehuBT hu qin
gehuUSE ge hu
gemendzeUSE kamanche
genderA multi-octave mallet instrument from Java and
Bali.BT mallet instrument
genggongUSE Jew’s harp
gharaUSE ghata
ghataUF ghara
ghati katam
BT drumghati
USE ghataghichak
UF gidzhak gijak
BT bowed lutegidzhak
USE ghichakgijak
USE ghichakgimbri
USE gunibrigjold
USE gudulkaglass
A glass of any shape or size manipulated toproduce sound.
BT friction idiophone percussion instrument
glass harmonicaUF armonica
glasses, musical harmonica, glass musical glasses
BT friction idiophoneglasses, musical
USE glass harmonica verrophone
glaw-ng æUSE klong æ
glaw-ng yaoUSE klong yao
glin-buUSE limbe
gling-buUSE limbe
glockUSE glockenspiel
glockenspielUF bell lyra
bell lyre bells, orchestra bells, orchestral bells (glockenspiel) chimes (glockenspiel) glock lyra, bell lyre, bell orchestra bells orchestral bells
BT mallet instrumentgmbri
USE gunibrignbri
USE gunibrigoblet drum
BT drumNT darabukka
djembe dumbelek feli klong æ klong yao zarb
gocUSE tupan
godieUSE goge
gogeUF godie
goje gonje
BT bowed lutegogen-biwa
USE biwa
gogo (lute)USE gunibri
gojeUSE goge
gom-gomUSE gora
gomaUSE ngoma
gombriUSE gunibri
gomoUSE ngoma
gomungoUSE komunʾgo
gongBT percussion idiophoneNT ching (gong)
tam-tamgong, rin
USE singing bowlgong, suzu
USE singing bowlgong gede
USE gamelan gong gedegong kebyar
USE gamelan gong kebyargonje
USE gogegonrang
BT instrumental ensemblegora
UF gom-gom gorah gorra gowra t'goerra t'gorrah
BT musical bowgorah
USE goragorra
USE goragottuvadyam
A fretless vina from Southern India.UF block instrument
mahanataka vinaBT vina
gowraUSE gora
grall de pastorUSE gralla
grallaA small shawm-like double-reed instrument from
Catalonia and Spain.UF grall de pastor
xaramita xirimita
BT double reed instrumentgran lira
USE lironegrand piano
USE pianogreat bass recorder
BT recordergrinder organ
USE barrel organgu zheng
USE zhengguan
UF bili guan zi guanzi kuan tzu
BT double reed instrumentguan zi
USE guanguanzi
USE guanguayo
USE guirogudastviri
USE chibonigudulka
UF gadulka gamlka gjold kemene kopanka tsigulka
BT bowed string instrumentguembri
USE gunibri
MP-12
guenbritUSE gunibri
guimbriUSE gunibri
guinbriUSE gunibri
guiroUF calabazo
guayo ralladera rascador
BT indirectly struck idiophoneguiro (rattle)
USE cabacaguitar
UF acoustic guitar arched-top guitar classical guitar flamenco guitar flat-top guitar Spanish guitar
BT plucked luteNT acoustic bass guitar
bajo sexto chitarra battente electric guitar harp guitar lyre-guitar resonator guitar steel guitar
guitar, harp-luteUSE harp-lute guitar
guitar, PortugueseUSE guitarra portuguesa
guitar ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more guitars.
UF guitar orchestraBT plucked instrument ensemble
guitar orchestraUSE guitar ensemble
guitar violoncelloUSE arpeggione
guitar zitherUSE harp zither
guitare en bateauUSE chitarra battente
guitarilloUSE tiple
guitarra portuguesaUF guitar, Portuguese
Portuguese guitarBT plucked lute
guitarronA fretless bass guitar from Mexico.
UF guitarron mexicanoBT plucked lute
guitarron mexicanoUSE guitarron
gulintanganUSE kulintang
gumbriUSE gunibri
gunbriUSE gunibri
gunibriA plucked lute with one to three strings from North
Africa.UF gimbri
gmbri gnbri gogo (lute) gombri guembri guenbrit guimbri guinbri gumbri gunbri gunibri hejhuj sintir
BT plucked luteUSE gunibri
guqinUSE qin
guslaUSE gusle
gusleA single-string bowed lute of Southeastern Europe.
For the psaltery from Russia see gusli.UF guslaBT bowed lute
gusliA psaltery from Russia. For the single-string
bowed lute of Southeastern Europe see gusle.UF husliBT psaltery
gutbucketUSE washtub bass
guzhengUSE zheng
HackbrettUSE dulcimer
haegumA two-string spike fiddle from Korea.
UF hyegumBT bowed lute
halurUSE bansuri
hammer dulcimerUSE dulcimer
hammered dulcimerUSE dulcimer
hammered dulcimer, HungarianUSE cimbalom
Hammond NovachordUSE Novachord
hand clappingUF clapping, handBT body percussion
hand organUSE barrel organ
hand pianoUSE mbira
hand piano, AfricanUSE mbira
handbellA bell with a handle held in the hand for ringing.
BT bellhandbell choir
An ensemble consisting of two or more handbells.UF handbell teamBT percussion ensemble
handbell teamUSE handbell choir
handchimesA chime, usually in the shape of a square tube,
with an external clapper that is rung by hand.BT chimes
hankinUSE ichigenkin
Hardanger fiddleA traditional violin of Western Norway with four or
five sympathetic strings running beneath thefingerboard.
UF Harding fiddle hardingfele
BT bowed luteHarding fiddle
USE Hardanger fiddlehardingfele
USE Hardanger fiddleharmonic canon
A plucked box zither with 44 or 88 strings inventedby Harry Partch.
BT plucked string instrument zither
harmonicaUF mouth harmonicaBT mouth organNT melodica
harmonica, chemicalUSE pyrophone
harmonica, glassUSE glass harmonica
harmonica ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more
harmonicas.BT instrumental ensemble
harmoniumUSE reed organ
harmonium, bichromaticUSE bichromatic harmonium
harpAn unspecified chordophone in which the plane of
strings is perpendicular to the soundboard. For themodern Western pedal harp, use pedal harp.
BT plucked string instrumentNT audeharp
claviharpe Irish harp kong hou pedal harp saung-gauk
harp bowUSE musical bow
harp ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more harps.
BT plucked instrument ensembleharp guitar
A guitar with any number of additional unstoppedstrings that can accommodate individual plucking.
BT guitar zither
harp-luteAn unspecified instrument in the Sachs-Hornbostel
harp-lute category.UF bridge harpBT string instrumentNT kamele ngoni
koraharp-lute guitar
Any one of the family of instruments invented byEdward Light in the late 18th and early 19th centuriesthat combined aspects of the guitar or lute with anextended harp-styled neck that held extra strings.
UF guitar, harp-luteBT plucked lute
harp-pianoA harp-shaped instrument fitted with a keyboard.
BT keyboard instrument plucked string instrument zither
harp zitherA fretless zither with two sets of strings, one tuned
to a scale and the other to complete the chords in thekey of the melody strings.
UF chord zither fretless zither guitar zither MacArthur harp mandolin guitar zither mandolin harp zither mandolin zither zither harp
BT plucked string instrument zither
harpolaBT plucked string instrument
toy instrument zither
harpsichordUF cembalo
spinet (harpsichord)BT keyboard instrument
plucked string instrument zither
NT arcicembalo clavicytherium electronic harpsichord pedal harpsichord sambuca lincea
harpsichord ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more solo
harpsichords.BT keyboard ensemble
hautbois de PoitouA straight wind-cap shawm from France.
BT double reed instrumentHawaiian guitar
USE steel guitarHawaiian steel guitar
USE steel guitarhead rapping
UF rapping, headBT body percussion
heckelphoneA double-reed instrument with a wide bore and
spherical bell sounding an octave below the oboe.BT double reed instrument
heike-biwaUSE biwa
hejhujUSE gunibri
heliconA valved brass instrument of the tuba family
distinguished by its circular shape, allowing theperformer to rest the weight of the instrument on hisshoulder.
BT tubaheliphon
A MIDI-controlled xylophone in the shape of adouble helix played by striking the keys withsolenoids.
BT electronic instrument mallet instrument
MP-13
hiang teUSE suo na
hichirikiA Japanese oboe made of bamboo and with a
reverse conical bore.BT double reed instrument
high E♭clarinetUSE sopranino clarinet
high E-flat clarinetUSE sopranino clarinet
high huUSE gao hu
high treble violUSE pardessus de viole
high voiceA high-register voice that is not otherwise
specified.BT singerNT child soprano voice
soprano voice tenor voice
Himalayan bowlUSE singing bowl
hojokUSE tʻaepʻyongso
hommelUSE noordsche balk
hornAn orchestral valved or valveless French horn. For
an unspecified valveless horn see natural horn.UF French horn
hunting hornBT brass instrument
horn choirUSE horn ensemble
horn ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more horns.
UF horn choirBT brass ensemble
hourglass drumA struck drum with a body that is smaller in
diameter in the middle than at the ends.BT drumNT bata
changgo damba kotsuzumi talking drum
hsien tseUSE sanxian
hu huBT hu qin
hu qinA generic term for a Chinese spike fiddle, usually
with two strings, but sometimes three or four.UF huqinBT bowed string instrumentNT er hu
gao hu ge hu hu hu jing hu zhui qin
huaguUSE yaogu
huang zhongBT ductless flute
huecoUSE cata
humleUSE noordsche balk
hummelUSE noordsche balk
Hungarian hammered dulcimerUSE cimbalom
hunting hornUSE horn
huqinUSE hu qin
hurdy-gurdyAn instrument in which a crank-turned rosined
wheel vibrates the strings, whose pitches aremanipulated on a keyboard or buttons.
UF lyra organistrum vielle vielle a roue
BT friction instrument zither
husliUSE gusli
husorUSE bansuri
huur, morinUSE morin huur
hybrid pianoUSE digital player piano
hydraulic barrel organBT barrel organ
water organhydraulic organ
USE water organhydraulis
USE water organhydraulos
USE water organhydraulus
USE water organhyegum
USE haegumhyonʾgum
USE komunʾgoichigen-kin
USE ichigenkinichigenkin
A single-string Japanese zither.UF hankin
ichigen-kinBT plucked string instrument
zitheridiophone
An unspecified or undetermined instrument thatproduces sound through vibration of the instrumentitself.
BT instrumentNT friction idiophone
plucked idiophone struck idiophone wind chime
imzadA single-string rubab with a high bridge a curved
neck.UF amzad
anzad anzhad inzad rababa (imzad)
BT rubabindirectly struck idiophone
An unspecified or undetermined idiophone in whichthe percussion is produced indirectly, such as byshaking or scraping the instrument.
BT struck idiophoneNT angklung (rattle)
cabaca guiro jawbone maraca notched rattle rattle reco-reco tambourine washboard
ingomaUSE ngoma
ingombaUSE ngoma
instrumentAny unspecified or undetermined solo instrument.
UF musical instrument unspecified instrument
BT performerNT aerophone
continuo electronic instrument friction instrument idiophone keyboard instrument mechanical instrument melody instrument membranophone percussion percussion instrument plucked instrument string instrument toy instrument
instrumental ensembleAn ensemble consisting of diverse instruments that
cannot be described by a more specific term.BT ensembleNT accordion band
balalaika orchestra band
bowed string ensemble concertina ensemble dulcimer ensemble electronics gamelan gonrang harmonica ensemble jug band keyboard ensemble khruang sai mahori orchestra percussion ensemble pipe band piphat plucked instrument ensemble plung orchestra string band string orchestra toy orchestra washboard band wind ensemble zither ensemble
inzadUSE imzad
Irish harpUse for a variety of small, gut-string harps used in
Celtic or Celtic-derived music.UF Celtic harp
Gaelic harp Scottish harp Welsh harp
BT harpIrish organ
USE uilleann pipeishibue
USE iwabueiwabue
A small Japanese stone flute.UF ishibue
stone flute stone whistle
BT duct fluteja-kae
USE chakhejabisen
USE sanshinjakhay
USE chakhejakhe
USE chakhejal tarang
USE jaltarangjaltarang
A set bowls tuned by filling them with differentlevels of water, struck with bamboo sticks.
UF jal tarang jaltarangam
BT percussion idiophonejaltarangam
USE jaltarangjamisen
USE sanshinjaw bone
USE jawbonejaw harp
USE Jew’s harpjawbone
A jawbone used as an idiophone that may bestruck, rattled, or rubbed.
UF jaw bone musical jaw bone quijada quijada de burro
BT indirectly struck idiophonejaw's harp
USE Jew’s harpjazz band
USE big bandjazz orchestra
USE big bandjedina
USE sviralajedinka
USE sviralajednojka
USE sviralajegog
USE gamelan jegogjembe
USE djembe
MP-14
jenbeUSE djembe
Jew’s harpUF genggong
jaw harp jaw's harp khomus trump
BT plucked idiophonejhan-jhan
USE jhanjhjhani
USE jhanjhjhanj
USE jhanjhjhanjh
UF jhani jhanj jhan-jhan jhanjha
BT cymbaljhanjha
USE jhanjhjin qian ban
A Chinese clapper used in storytelling.BT clapper (percussion)
jing huA high-pitched hu qin.
UF jinghuBT hu qin
jinghuUSE jing hu
joged bumbungUSE gamelan joged bumbung
jombardeUSE galoubet
jorhiUSE algoja
joriUSE algoja
jouhikkoA Finnish bowed lyre with two to four strings.
BT bowed string instrument lyre
jugBT wind instrument
jug bandAn instrumental ensemble consisting of one or
more jugs used as bass wind instruments that aroseamong African Americans in the early 20th century aspopular entertainment for medicine shows andpicnics.
BT instrumental ensemblejushichigen
A 17-string bass koto from Japan.BT koto
kacapi (plucked lute)A boat-shaped plucked lute from Indonesia.
UF kacaping kecapi
BT plucked lutekacapi (zither)
A plucked box zither from the Sundanese areas ofWest Java.
UF kecapi (Zither)BT plucked string instrument
zitherkacaping
USE kacapi (plucked lute)kaen
USE khænkæng
USE lu shengkagurabue
A six- or seven-hole Japanese flute.UF yamatobueBT ductless flute
kalimbaUSE mbira
kamale ngoniUSE kamele ngoni
kʻamanUSE kamanche
k'amanchaUSE kamanche
kamancheA spike fiddle of the Black Sea region, Pontic
Greece, and Iran.UF Black Sea fiddle
Black Sea kemence cemence fiddle, Black Sea
gemendze kʻaman k'amancha kamancheh kamanja kamantcha karadeniz kemencesi kemancha kemanche kemence kemenche kemendze kementche kyamancha Pontian lyra Pontic kemenche Pontic lyra
BT bowed lutekamancheh
USE kamanchekamanja
USE kamanchekamantcha
USE kamanchekamele ngoni
A six-stringed harp of the Wassolou region of Mali.UF kamale ngoniBT harp-lute
kanciraUSE kanjira
kanjeeraUSE kanjira
kanjiraA South Indian frame drum.
UF kancira kanjeera
BT drumkankles
USE Baltic psalterykannel
USE Baltic psalteryk'anon
USE qanunkanonaki
USE qanunkanoon
USE qanunkantele
USE Baltic psalterykanun
USE qanunkaradeniz kemencesi
USE kamanchekatam
USE ghatakaval
A rim-blown flute of Southeastern Europe andTurkey.
UF caval kavali kavall qawul
BT ductless flutekavali
USE kavalkavall
USE kavalkaya kum
USE kayagumkayago
USE kayagumkayagum
A Korean twelve-stringed zither.UF gayagum
kaya kum kayago kayakko kayako kayakum
BT plucked string instrument zither
kayakkoUSE kayagum
kayakoUSE kayagum
kayakumUSE kayagum
kazooUF bazoo
bazooka eunuch flute gazoo
gazooka gazoota tommy talker zarah
BT singing membranekecapi
USE kacapi (plucked lute)kecapi (Zither)
USE kacapi (zither)kechruk
USE angklung (xylophone)kei
BT percussion idiophonekemanak
A banana-shaped metal idiophone of Java that isusually used in pairs.
UF kenawakBT percussion idiophone
kemanchaUSE kamanche
kemancheUSE kamanche
kemenceUSE kamanche
kemencheUSE kamanche
kemendzeUSE kamanche
kemeneUSE gudulka
kementcheUSE kamanche
kenaUSE quena
kena-kenaUSE quena
kenawakUSE kemanak
Kent bugleUSE keyed bugle
Kent hornUSE keyed bugle
Kentucky dulcimerUSE Appalachian dulcimer
kettledrumUSE timpani
kettledrumsUSE timpani
key fiddleUSE keyed fiddle
keyboard controllerA MIDI with a keyboard controller.
BT MIDI controllerkeyboard ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or more variedkeyboard instruments.
BT instrumental ensembleNT electronic keyboard ensemble
electronic organ ensemble harpsichord ensemble organ ensemble piano ensemble player piano ensemble
keyboard instrumentAn unspecified or unidentified keyboard
instrument.UF keyboard stringed instrument
string keyboard instrument stringed keyboard instrument
BT instrumentNT carillon
celesta clavichord clavicylinder claviharpe claviorgan dolceola dulcitone electronic keyboard electronic piano electronium harp-piano harpsichord lute-harpsichord organ orpheal piano tangent piano telharmonium toy piano virginal
MP-15
keyboard percussion instrumentUSE mallet instrument
keyboard stringed instrumentUSE keyboard instrument
keyboard synthesizerUSE electronic keyboard
keyed bugleUF Kent bugle
Kent horn royal Kent bugle
BT buglekeyed fiddle
UF key fiddle lokkelje nyckelgiga nyckelharpa Schlusselfidel Schlusselfiedel
BT bowed lutekeyed harp
USE claviharpekeyed trumpet
BT trumpetkhæn
UF kaen khen khene
BT mouth organkhaw-ng wong
USE khong wongkhen
USE khænkhene
USE khænkhil-khuur
USE morin huurkhim
A hammered dulcimer of Laos and Thailand that issimilar to, but smaller than, the yang qin.
UF kim (dulcimer)BT dulcimer
khluiA bamboo duct flute from Thailand with six or
seven finger holes and a thumb hole.BT duct flute
kholUSE mridanga
khomusUSE Jew’s harp
khong vongUSE khong wong
khong wongA group of bossed gongs set on a circular frame.
UF khaw-ng wong khong vong
BT percussion idiophonekhruang sai
A instrumental ensemble consisting of strings anda flute and used in the Thai court.
UF khruangsaiBT instrumental ensemble
khruangsaiUSE khruang sai
kiakUSE qobuz
kika kilaUSE steel guitar
kim (dulcimer)USE khim
kimbalomUSE cimbalom
kisaanjUSE mbira
kitUSE pochette
kitharaUSE cithara
klaviziteriumUSE clavicytherium
klavizitheriumUSE clavicytherium
KlavizylinderUSE clavicylinder
klentanganUSE kulintang
klong æA large Thai drum used in Buddhist temples.
UF glaw-ng æBT goblet drum
klong yaoA Thai drum played with the hands and used in
festival parades.
UF glaw-ng yaoBT goblet drum
ko tsuzumiUSE kotsuzumi
koauauA flute of the Maori people of New Zealand.
UF kooauauBT ductless flute
kobA curved brass horn from India.
BT natural hornkobsa
USE kobzakobuz
USE qobuzkobyz
USE qobuzkobza
UF kobsaBT plucked lute
kojin-biwaUSE biwa
kokleUSE Baltic psaltery
kolA double-reed instrument of the Kota people of
India.UF koulBT double reed instrument
kolintang (gong-chime)USE kulintang
komunʾgoA six-stringed fretted, plucked, zither of Korea.
UF gomungo hyonʾgum kum
BT plucked string instrument zither
komuzA long-necked, unfretted, three-stringed lute of the
Kirghiz people of Central Asia.BT plucked lute
kong houUF konghouBT harp
konghouUSE kong hou
kooauauUSE koauau
kopankaUSE gudulka
kopuzUF qopuz
qupuzBT plucked lute
koraA 21-string harp-lute of the Mende people of West
Africa.BT harp-lute
kotoA Japanese zither with 13 strings.
BT plucked string instrument zither
NT jushichigenkoto ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or more koto.BT plucked instrument ensemble
kotsuzumiAn hourglass drum used in Japanese theater.
UF ko tsuzumiBT hourglass drum
koulUSE kol
krarA six-string bowl lyre from Ethiopia and Eritrea.
BT lyrekrummhorn
USE crumhornkuan tzu
USE guankulalu
USE venukulintang
UF gulintangan klentangan kolintang (gong-chime) kwintangan
BT percussion idiophonekulintang ensemble
A Filipino ensemble consisting of two sets ofkulintang and a drum.
BT percussion ensemble
kumUSE komunʾgo
kurachʾolsa kumUSE yanggum
kuraiAn end-blown flute of the Bashkir and Tatar
peoples.UF kuray
quraiBT ductless flute
kurayUSE kurai
kututengUSE mbira
kwintanganUSE kulintang
kyamanchaUSE kamanche
kytteUSE pochette
kyyakUSE qobuz
la paUSE suo na
lambeg drumA large double-headed drum associated with the
Orange Order in Northern Ireland and traditionallyused in parades.
BT drumlamellaphone
USE mbiralamellophone
USE mbiralangeleik
A fretted Norwegian box zither.BT psaltery
lap dulcimerUSE Appalachian dulcimer
large orchestraUSE orchestra
launeddasA polyphonic single-reed instrument with three
pipes that originated in Southern Sardinia.UF aenas
benas bisonas enas leuneddas lioneddas sonus de canna triedda truedda truvedda
BT single reed instrumentlautenclavicymbel
USE lute-harpsichordlautenwerck
USE lute-harpsichordLautenwerk
USE lute-harpsichordlavta
A Turkish plucked lute with tied frets, popular in theearly 20th century.
UF politiko laoutoBT plucked lute
lead singerA performer who sings the main solo vocal
portions of a popular song, often as part of a band.UF lead vocalistBT singer
lead vocalistUSE lead singer
leafOne or more leaves from a tree or other plant that
produces sound through vibration (as in a reedinstrument).
BT percussion instrumentlegawka
USE ligawkaleuneddas
USE launeddasligawa
USE ligawkaligawka
A wooden aerophone from the Mazowsze region ofPoland.
UF legawka ligawa
BT natural hornlikembe
USE mbira
MP-16
limbeA side-blown flute that originated in China and
Mongolia.UF glin-bu
gling-bu lingbu
BT ductless flutelingbu
USE limbelinguaphone
USE mbiralioneddas
USE launeddaslira
USE bowed string instrument lyre
lira (lirone)USE lirone
lira (short-necked fiddle)UF lyra (short-necked fiddle)BT bowed lute
lira da braccioUF lira da spalla
lira di sette corde lira moderna lyra (lira da braccio)
BT bowed lutelira da gamba
USE lironelira da spalla
USE lira da bracciolira di sette corde
USE lira da bracciolira doppia
USE lironelira grande
USE lironelira in gamba
USE lironelira moderna
USE lira da bracciolirica
UF liritzaBT bowed lute
liritzaUSE lirica
lironeUF arcivioladaslyras
arciviolata arciviolatalira gran lira lira (lirone) lira da gamba lira doppia lira grande lira in gamba lirone perfetto lyra (lirone) lyra de gamba lyra perfecta lyrone
BT bowed lutelirone perfetto
USE lironelithophone
A stone or a set of stones that is struck to producesound.
BT percussion idiophoneliu qin
BT plucked luteliu sheng
USE lu shengliuto attiorbato
USE archlutelive electronics
BT electronicslokkelje
USE keyed fiddlelootspill
BT accordionlove flute
USE Native American flutelow voice
BT singerNT alto voice
bass-baritone voice bass voice
lowland bagpipesUSE border pipes
lowland pipesUSE border pipes
lu shengUF kæng
liu shengBT mouth organ
luo guUF luo gu ensembleBT percussion ensemble
luo gu ensembleUSE luo gu
lurBT natural horn
luteA fretted plucked-string instrument with a pear-
shaped body that was popular in 16th-18th centuryEurope. For other lute-type instruments, see pluckedlute and bowed lute.
UF lyraBT plucked luteNT archlute
Baroque lute Renaissance lute
lute, BrazilianUSE viola-de-cocho
lute-clavierUSE lute-harpsichord
lute consortUSE lute ensemble
lute ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more European
lutes, often of different sizes.UF lute consortBT plucked instrument ensemble
lute-harpsichordA gut-strung harpsichord with a mellow tone similar
to a lute.UF lautenclavicymbel
Lautenwerk lautenwerck lute-clavier theorbo-harpsichord
BT plucked string instrument keyboard instrument zither
luthealUF piano luthealBT prepared piano
lyraUSE bowed string instrument
hurdy-gurdy lute lyre
lyra, bellUSE glockenspiel
lyra (lira da braccio)USE lira da braccio
lyra (lirone)USE lirone
lyra (short-necked fiddle)USE lira (short-necked fiddle)
lyra bastardaUSE baryton
lyra de gambaUSE lirone
lyra perfectaUSE lirone
lyra violUF lyro-viol
viola bastardaBT viol
lyreAn unspecified string instrument whose strings are
attached to a yoke that lies in the same plane as thesoundtable.
UF lira lyra
BT plucked string instrumentNT begena
cithara crwth jouhikko krar simsimiyya talharpa
lyre, bellUSE glockenspiel
lyre-guitarBT guitar
lyro-violUSE lyra viol
lyroneUSE lirone
ma tʻou chʻinUSE morin huur
MacArthur harpUSE harp zither
machadaUSE cavaquinho
macheteUSE cavaquinho
machete-de-bragaUSE cavaquinho
machetinhoUSE cavaquinho
madalUF madalaBT drum
madalaUSE madal
madindaUSE amadinda
magnetic resonator pianoAn electronically-augmented acoustic grand piano
using electromagnets to extend the capabilities of thetraditional piano without speakers or amplification.
UF MRP (magnetic resonator piano)BT piano
mahanataka vinaUSE gottuvadyam
mahoriAn instrumental ensemble originating in Thailand
that combines melodic and rhythmic percussion,string, and wind instruments.
BT instrumental ensemblemale voice
BT singerNT baritone voice
bass-baritone voice bass voice boy soprano voice changing voice countertenor voice tenor voice
mallet controllerAn electronic instrument that simulates the sound
of a mallet instrument.UF xylophone controllerBT mallet instrument
percussion controllermallet ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or more differentmallet instruments of any type.
BT percussion ensembleNT marimba ensemble
mallet instrumentAn unspecified mallet instrument of any type.
UF keyboard percussion instrument mallet percussions
BT percussion idiophoneNT balo
gender glockenspiel heliphon mallet controller marimba sticcado pastorale vibraphone xylophone xylorimba zoomoozophone
mallet percussionsUSE mallet instrument
mando-celloUSE mandoloncello
mandocelloUSE mandoloncello
mandolaUF mandolino
mandora mandore mandorre
BT mandolinmandolin
UF mandolineBT plucked luteNT mandola
mandoloncellomandolin ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or moreinstruments of the mandolin family.
UF mandolin orchestraBT plucked instrument ensemble
mandolin guitar zitherUSE harp zither
MP-17
mandolin harp zitherUSE harp zither
mandolin orchestraUSE mandolin ensemble
mandolin zitherUSE harp zither
mandolineUSE mandolin
mandolinoUSE mandola
mandoloncelloUF mando-cello
mandocelloBT mandolin
mandoraUSE calichon
mandolamandore
USE mandolamandorlauten
USE calichonmandorre
USE mandolamandurria
USE bandurriaMannerchor
USE men's chorusmaraca
BT indirectly struck idiophonemarching band
BT bandmarimba
UF marimbaphoneBT mallet instrument
marimba (mbira)USE mbira
marimba ensembleBT mallet ensemble
marimba-xylophoneUSE xylorimba
marimbaphoneUSE marimba
marimbulaUSE mbira
marine trumpetUSE trumpet marine
marovany (box zither)BT plucked string instrument
zithermarovany (tube zither)
USE valihaMartenot
USE ondes MartenotMartenot's ondes musicales
USE ondes Martenotmatou qin
USE morin huurmatouqin
USE morin huurmbila
USE mbirambira
UF African hand piano hand piano hand piano, African kalimba kisaanj kututeng lamellaphone lamellophone likembe linguaphone marimba (mbira) marimbula mbila nsansi sandza sansa sansi thumb piano
BT plucked idiophonemechanical clock-organ
USE musical clockmechanical instrument
An unspecified instrument whose sound isproduced fully or partially through automated means.
UF automatic instrument automatic musical instrument automatophone
BT instrumentNT clock chimes
mechanical organ
mechanical piano music box orchestrion panharmonicon phonograph turntable violano-virtuoso
mechanical organAn unspecified mechanized organ.
UF automatic organBT mechanical instrument
organNT barrel organ
calliope fairground organ musical clock player organ water organ
mechanical pianoAn unspecified mechanized piano.
BT mechanical instrument piano
NT barrel piano player piano
mechanical singing-bird boxUF mechanical singing-bird tabatiere
singing-bird box, mechanical tabatiere, mechanical singing-bird
BT music boxmechanical singing-bird tabatiere
USE mechanical singing-bird boxmedium voice
BT singerNT baritone voice
mezzo-soprano voicemegaphone
A device used to amplify other media in theperformance of a musical work.
BT wind instrumentNT vamp-horn
mellophoneUSE alto horn
melodeon (button-key accordion)BT button-key accordion
melodeon (reed organ)USE reed organ
melodicaA keyboard harmonica.
UF scalettaBT harmonica
melody fluteBT duct flute
toy instrumentmelody instrument
An unspecified instrument on which more than onenote can be played.
BT instrumentmeloharp
BT zithermembranophone
An unspecified instrument whose sound isproduced via vibrations of a stretched membrane.
BT instrumentNT drum
singing membranemendjan
USE mendzanmendzan
UF mendzang mendjan menjyang menzan
BT xylophonemendzang
USE mendzanmenjyang
USE mendzanmen's chorus
A chorus of adult male voices.UF MannerchorBT chorus
menzanUSE mendzan
meta-harpBT plucked string instrument
zithermey
UF nay (oboe)BT double reed instrument
mezzo-soprano (singer)USE mezzo-soprano voice
mezzo-soprano oboeUSE oboe d’amore
mezzo-soprano voiceUF mezzo-soprano (singer)BT female voice
medium voiceMIDI controller
BT electronic instrumentNT keyboard controller
wind controllerMIDI-harpsichord
USE electronic harpsichordmilitary band
USE bandmime
UF mime artistBT performer
mime artistUSE mime
mirdangUSE mridanga
mirlitonBT singing membrane
mirutankamUSE mridanga
miruthangamUSE mridanga
misniceUF mjersniceBT bagpipe
mixed chorusBT chorus
mixed mediaNon-musical elements such as movement,
projected images, audience participation, etc., oreffects related to electronic music.
UF multi-media multimedia
BT ensemble performer
mjersniceUSE misnice
mobile phoneUSE cell phone
mock trumpetUSE chalumeau
Mongolian zitherUSE yatga
monochordBT plucked string instrument
zithermoon guitar
USE yue qinmoon lute
USE yue qinmorin huur
UF huur, morin khil-khuur ma tʻou chʻin matou qin matouqin
BT bowed lutemoso-biwa
USE biwamountain dulcimer
USE Appalachian dulcimermouseketier
BT electronic instrumentmouth bow
BT musical bowNT chipendani
mouth drumUSE vocal percussion
mouth harmonicaUSE harmonica
mouth organAn unspecified mouth organ.
BT free reed instrumentNT harmonica
khæn lu sheng plung sheng sho
mrdangUSE mridanga
mrdangaUSE mridanga
mrdangamUSE mridanga
mridangaAny of several types of double-headed drum used
to accompany devotional music and known byvarious names in different regions of India.
MP-18
mridanga (Continued)UF khol
mirdang mrdang mrdanga mrdangam mridangam mirutankam miruthangam pakhavaj pakhawaj
BT drummridangam
USE mridangaMRP (magnetic resonator piano)
USE magnetic resonator pianomukha veena
USE mukhavinamukhavina
UF mukha veenaBT double reed instrument
multi-mediaUSE mixed media
multimediaUSE mixed media
musette (bagpipe)USE bagpipe
musette (oboe)UF musette pipeBT oboe
musette pipeUSE musette (oboe)
music boxUF musical boxBT mechanical instrument
plucked idiophoneNT mechanical singing-bird box
music conductorUSE conductor
music directorUSE conductor
music sampler softwareUSE software sampler
music synthesizerUSE synthesizer
musical bowA bow that is played as a musical instrument in its
own right and not as a device to draw sound fromanother instrument.
UF harp bowBT zitherNT berimbau
gora mouth bow
musical boxUSE music box
musical clockA clock equipped with a mechanical organ. For
sounds produced by a clock equipped with a carillonor other chiming mechanism use clock chimes.
UF clock, musical clock-organ flute clock flute-playing clock mechanical clock-organ
BT mechanical organmusical glasses
USE glass harmonica verrophone
musical instrumentUSE instrument
musical jaw boneUSE jawbone
musical synthesizerUSE synthesizer
musical toy instrumentUSE toy instrument
musicsticksUSE clapsticks
nadasvaramUSE nagasvaram
nadaswaramUSE nagasvaram
nagasuramUSE nagasvaram
nagasvaramUF nadasvaram
nadaswaram nagasuram nagaswaram nakasvaram
nayanamBT double reed instrument
nagaswaramUSE nagasvaram
naiUSE nay (flute)
panpipesnakasvaram
USE nagasvaramnallari
USE tʻaepʻyongsonarrator
USE speakerNative American flute
UF American Indian flute love flute Native American love flute
BT duct fluteNT siyotanka
Native American love fluteUSE Native American flute
natural hornAn unspecified valveless horn. For the orchestral
valved or valveless French horn, use horn.BT brass instrumentNT alphorn
bugle didjeridu kob ligawka lur oliphant post horn Russian horn shofar turu (side-blown trumpet)
natural trumpetUSE trumpet
nay (flute)UF nai
ney qusaba
BT ductless flutenay (oboe)
USE meynayanam
USE nagasvaramnaykhi
USE naykhimnaykhim
UF naykhiBT drum
new century harpBT plucked string instrument
zitherney
USE nay (flute)ngoma
UF engoma goma gomo ingoma ingomba ngomba ngomm ngomo
BT drumngomba
USE ngomangomm
USE ngomangomo
USE ngomangoze
USE algojanickelodeon
USE orchestrionnishiki-biwa
USE biwano-flute
USE nokanno-kan
USE nokannoardske balke
USE noordsche balknohkan
USE nokannokan
UF no-flute no-kan nohkan
BT ductless flute
noordsche balkAny of several types of zither played in the Low
Countries.UF hommel
humle hummel noardske balke scheitholt
BT psalteryNorthumberland small pipes
USE Northumbrian small pipeNorthumbrian small pipe
UF Northumberland small pipes Northumbrian small pipes Northumbrian smallpipes small pipe, Northumbrian small pipes, Northumbrian
BT bagpipeNorthumbrian small pipes
USE Northumbrian small pipeNorthumbrian smallpipes
USE Northumbrian small pipenotched rattle
UF bone rattle rattle, bone rattle, notched
BT indirectly struck idiophoneNovachord
UF electrical orchestra Hammond Novachord orchestra, electrical
BT electronic keyboard electronic organ
nsansiUSE mbira
nun's fiddleUSE trumpet marine
nyckelgigaUSE keyed fiddle
nyckelharpaUSE keyed fiddle
oboeBT double reed instrumentNT musette (oboe)
oboe d’amore oboe da caccia
oboe d’amoreUF mezzo-soprano oboeBT oboe
oboe da cacciaBT oboe
oboe ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more oboes of
any type, sometimes also including one or moreEnglish horns or other double reed instrument.
BT woodwind ensembleocarina
BT duct fluteolifant
USE oliphantoliphant
UF olifantBT natural horn
ondes MartenotUF Martenot
Martenot's ondes musicales ondes musicales ondium Martenot
BT electronic instrumentondes musicales
USE ondes Martenotondium Martenot
USE ondes Martenotongnyugum
BT plucked string instrument zither
ophicleideBT brass instrument
oratorUSE speaker
orchestraA large ensemble consisting of bowed string
instruments and some combination of wind and othertypes of instruments, or such an ensemble whoserelative size is not specified. For a small orchestra sospecified, use chamber orchestra.
UF full orchestra large orchestra
BT instrumental ensembleNT chamber orchestra
orchestra, electricalUSE Novachord
MP-19
orchestra bellsUSE glockenspiel
orchestral bellsUSE glockenspiel
orchestral chimesUSE tubular bells
orchestrionUF nickelodeonBT mechanical instrument
organUF enharmonic organ
pipe organBT aerophone
keyboard instrumentNT bambuso sonoro
chamadron chamber organ electronic organ mechanical organ positive organ pyrophone theater organ
organ, cabinetUSE reed organ
organ, parlorUSE reed organ
organ ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more organs of
any type.BT keyboard ensemble
organetteBT player organ
organistrumUSE hurdy-gurdy
orkonUF chrometteBT recorder
orpharionBT plucked lute
orphealAn instrument combining aspects of the piano,
organ, and harmonium.BT keyboard instrument
oudUF oude
ʻudBT plucked lute
oudeUSE oud
pakhavajUSE mridanga
pakhawajUSE mridanga
pan, sopranoUSE steel drum
pan, steelUSE steel drum
pan fluteUSE panpipes
pan pipesUSE panpipes
pandean pipesUSE panpipes
pandeiroUSE tambourine
pandoraUSE bandora
pandoreUSE bandora
pandurUSE tambura (drone lute)
panfluteUSE panpipes
panharmoniconBT mechanical instrument
panpipesUF antara
nai pan flute pan pipes pandean pipes panflute pan's pipes
BT ductless fluteNT siku
panpipes ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more sets of
panpipes.BT woodwind ensemble
pan's pipesUSE panpipes
parA cylindrical drum that originated in Tamil Nadu,
India.BT drum
par-dessus de violeUSE pardessus de viole
paradonUSE baryton
paraiUF piraiBT frame drum
pardessus de violeUF descant viol
high treble viol par-dessus de viole quinton
BT violparidon
USE barytonpariton
USE barytonparlor organ
USE reed organpastoral oboe
USE pipe (musical instrument)pava
USE algojapawa
USE algojapedal clarinet
USE contrabass clarinetpedal clavichord
A clavichord with a pedal-board like that of anorgan.
BT clavichordpedal harp
A modern Western harp. For an unspecifiedchordsphone in which the plane of strings isperpendicular to the soundboard see harp.
BT harppedal harpsichord
A harpsichord with a pedal-board like that of anorgan.
UF pedalcembaloBT harpsichord
pedal pianoA piano with a pedal-board like that of an organ.
UF pedal pianoforteBT piano
pedal pianoforteUSE pedal piano
pedal steel guitarA steel guitar equipped with a pedal that allows for
instantaneous change of tuning.BT steel guitar
pedalcembaloUSE pedal harpsichord
pejogedan bumbungUSE gamelan joged bumbung
pelittoneBT tuba
penny whistleUF feadog stain
pennywhistle tin whistle whistle (penny whistle)
BT duct flutepennywhistle
USE penny whistlepentacontachordon
USE sambuca linceapercussion
One or more unspecified instruments in thepercussion family that are often included as part of alarger ensemble. For a single unspecified percussioninstrument see percussion instrument.
BT instrumentpercussion controller
BT electronic instrument percussion instrument
NT mallet controllerpercussion ensemble
BT instrumental ensembleNT drum circle
handbell choir kulintang ensemble luo gu mallet ensemble steel band taiko (drum ensemble)
percussion idiophoneAn unspecified percussion idiophone.
BT struck idiophoneNT bell
bilo bonang bronze drum cajon cata celesta clapsticks cloud chamber bowls crotales cymbal dulcitone gong jaltarang kei kemanak khong wong kulintang lithophone mallet instrument polopalo ranat ek ranat thum semantron slit drum steel drum toy piano triangle tubaphone txalaparta
percussion instrumentA single unspecified percussion instrument. For
one or more unspecified percussion instruments thatare often included as part of a larger ensemble seepercussion.
BT instrumentNT balloon
drum drum set glass leaf percussion controller sound effects struck idiophone struck string instrument tin can
performerAn unspecified participant in a musical work.
NT actor audience celebrant conductor dancer instrument mime mixed media signer voice
phiaUSE phin phia
phin phiaUF phia
phin pia pin piah
BT stick zitherphin pia
USE phin phiaphonofiddle
A one-string violin developed by Augustus Strohand used in early sound recordings.
BT violinphonograph turntable
UF turntable, phonograph turntable system (phonograph)
BT mechanical instrumentpi
BT double reed instrumentpi pa
UF Chinese lute pipa
BT plucked lutepianette
USE barrel pianopiano
UF concert grand (piano) fortepiano grand piano pianoforte spinet (piano) spinnet (piano) upright piano
MP-20
piano (Continued)BT keyboard instrument
struck string instrument zither
NT magnetic resonator piano mechanical piano pedal piano prepared piano spinet square piano
piano, toyUSE toy piano
piano accordionUSE accordion
piano ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more pianos,
each of which has one or more performers.BT keyboard ensemble
piano-harpBT electronic instrument
piano luthealUSE lutheal
piano organUSE barrel piano
piano-playerUSE player piano
pianoforteUSE piano
piccoloBT flute
piccolo trumpetUSE trumpet
pien chungUSE bian zhong
pillana groviUSE venu
pin peatA Khmer classical court ensemble.
UF bin bady pinn peat pinpeat
BT ensemblepin piah
USE phin phiapincollo
USE pinkullupincullo
USE pinkullupincuyllu
USE pinkullupingullo
USE pinkullupinkayllu
USE pinkullupinkillu
USE pinkullupinkullu
An end-blown flute from the Andes region.UF pincollo
pincullo pincuyllu pingullo pinkayllu pinkillu pinquillo
BT duct flutepinn peat
USE pin peatpinpeat
USE pin peatpinquillo
USE pinkullupipa
USE pi papipe (musical instrument)
An unspecified simple end-blown flute with orwithout finger holes.
UF bamboo pipe chalumeau (pipe) pastoral oboe shepherd's pipe symphonet tabor pipe
BT duct fluteNT flaviol
gaita (pipe) galoubet
pipe bandAn ensemble consisting of two or more bagpipes
and various drums.UF bagpipe bandBT instrumental ensemble
pipe organUSE organ
pipes, cauld windUSE border pipes
pipes, lowlandUSE border pipes
pipes, Scotish lowlandUSE border pipes
piphatAn instrumental ensemble of Thailand featuring the
pi.UF sep nyaiBT instrumental ensemble
piraiUSE parai
pʻiriBT double reed instrument
pitch-pipeUSE pitchpipe
pitchpipeUF pitch-pipeBT free reed instrument
pitoUSE dulzaina
player organBT mechanical organNT organette
player pianoUF piano-player
reproducing pianoBT mechanical pianoNT digital player piano
player piano ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more player
pianos.BT keyboard ensemble
plectral instrumentUSE plucked instrument
plucked dulcimerUSE Appalachian dulcimer
plucked idiophoneBT idiophone
plucked instrumentNT Jew’s harp
mbira music box
plucked instrumentAn unspecified plucked instrument of any material.
For a plucked string instrument see plucked stringinstrument.
UF plectral instrumentBT instrumentNT plucked idiophone
plucked string instrumentplucked instrument ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or more pluckedinstruments of various types.
UF plucked string ensembleBT instrumental ensembleNT balalaika ensemble
guitar ensemble harp ensemble koto ensemble lute ensemble mandolin ensemble tambura (fretted lute) ensemble
plucked luteAn unspecified plucked string instrument of the
Sachs-Hornbostel classification. For the frettedplucked-string instrument popular in 16th-18thcentury Europe see lute.
BT plucked string instrumentNT balalaika
bandolin bandora bandurria banjo banjo ukulele biwa bouzouki calichon cavaquinho charango cigar box guitar cittern colascione cuatro dombra domra dutar English guitar guitar
guitarra portuguesa guitarron gunibri harp-lute guitar kacapi (plucked lute) kobza komuz kopuz lavta liu qin lute mandolin orpharion oud pi pa ruan rubab sanshin sanxian sapeh sarod saz setar (Iranian instrument) shamisen shudraga sitar sung tambura (drone lute) tambura (fretted lute) tanbur tar (lute) theorbo tiple tres ukulele vihuela viola d'arame viola-de-cocho yue qin
plucked string ensembleUSE plucked instrument ensemble
plucked string instrumentAn unspecified plucked string instrument. For an
unspecified plucked instrument of any material seeplucked instrument.
UF plucked stringed instrumentBT plucked instrument
string instrumentNT Appalachian dulcimer
autoharp bandura chakhe chipendani citaharp claviorgan đan bau diddley bow harmonic canon harp harp-piano harp zither harpola harpsichord ichigenkin kacapi (zither) kayagum komunʾgo koto lute-harpsichord lyre marovany (box zither) meta-harp monochord new century harp ongnyugum plucked lute psaltery qanun qin siter stick zither tambi valiha vina virginal washtub bass yatga zheng zitho-harp
plucked stringed instrumentUSE plucked string instrument
MP-21
plungBT mouth organ
plung orchestraAn ensemble consisting of two or more plungs.
BT instrumental ensemblepochette
UF kit kytte pocket fiddle Taschengeige treble violin
BT violinpocket fiddle
USE pochettepodorhythm
USE foot tappingpoispil
USE bumbasspolitiko laouto
USE lavtapolopalo
BT percussion idiophonepommer
USE shawmPontian lyra
USE kamanchePontic kemenche
USE kamanchePontic lyra
USE kamanchePortuguese guitar
USE guitarra portuguesaPortuguese viola
USE viola d'aramepositive
USE positive organpositive organ
A movable organ.UF positive
table organBT organ
post hornUF coach-horn
posthornBT natural horn
posthornUSE post horn
practice chanterBT double reed instrument
prepared pianoA piano that has been altered by placing objects
on and/or between the strings.BT pianoNT lutheal
prepared violinA violin that has been altered by attaching wire or
objects on and/or between the strings.BT violin
preset rhythm machineUSE drum machine
primer clarinetUSE clarinet
processed soundBT electronics
provencal, tambourinUSE tambourin
Provence, tambourin deUSE tambourin
psalmodiconUSE psalmodikon
psalmodikonUF psalmodicon
salmodikonBT bowed string instrument
zitherpsaltery
An unspecified neckless zither.UF ala
salterioBT plucked string instrument
zitherNT Baltic psaltery
epinette des Vosges gusli langeleik noordsche balk
puitaUSE cuica
pullankulalUSE venu
pullankuzhalUSE venu
pungBT drum
pyrophoneUF calliope, explosion
calliope, fire chemical harmonica explosion calliope explosion organ fire calliope fire organ flame organ harmonica, chemical
BT organqanun
UF k'anon kanonaki kanoon kanun
BT plucked string instrument zither
qawulUSE kaval
qinUF ch'in
guqinBT plucked string instrument
zitherqobuz
UF kiak kobuz kobyz kyyak qobyz
BT bowed luteqobyz
USE qobuzqopuz
USE kopuzquena
UF cuena kena kena-kena quena-quena
BT ductless flutequena-quena
USE quenaquerequexe
USE reco-recoquica
USE cuicaquijada
USE jawbonequijada de burro
USE jawbonequinto (drum)
BT congaquinton
USE pardessus de violequiringua
USE teponaztliqupuz
USE kopuzqurai
USE kuraiqusaba
USE nay (flute)rabab (lute)
USE rubabrabab (spike fiddle)
Any of the various spike fiddles common in NorthAfrica, the Middle East, and other parts of Asia.
UF rababa (spike fiddle) rababah (spike fiddle) rebab (spike fiddle) ribab (spike fiddle) spike fiddle
BT bowed luterababa (imzad)
USE imzadrababa (spike fiddle)
USE rabab (spike fiddle)rababah (lute)
USE rubabrababah (spike fiddle)
USE rabab (spike fiddle)rabeca
UF rebecaBT bowed lute
rabobUSE rubab
racketUF cervelas
cervelat cortaldi cortalli rackett rankett
BT double reed instrumentrackett
USE racketradio receiver
BT electronic instrumentralladera
USE guiroram's horn
USE shofarrana-t ay-k
USE ranat ekranaat eek
USE ranat ekranat aek
USE ranat ekranat dham
USE ranat thumranat ek
UF rana-t ay-k ranaat eek ranat aek roneat ek
BT percussion idiophoneranat thum
UF ranat dhamBT percussion idiophone
rankettUSE racket
rapping, headUSE head rapping
rascadorUSE guiro
raspadorUSE reco-reco
rattleBT indirectly struck idiophoneNT baby rattle
sistrumrattle, bone
USE notched rattlerattle, notched
USE notched rattlerbab
USE rubabreader
USE speakerrebab (lute)
USE rubabrebab (spike fiddle)
USE rabab (spike fiddle)rebana
UF rebanoBT drum
rebanoUSE rebana
rebecA European bowed lute, normally with a vaulted
back and tapering outline.UF rebeck
rebecke rebekke
BT bowed luterebeca
USE rabecarebeck
USE rebecrebecke
USE rebecrebekke
USE rebecreco-reco
UF canza caracaxa casaca cataca ganza querequexe raspador reque-reque
BT indirectly struck idiophonerecorder
UF basset recorder beak flute Blockflote common flute English flute flauto dolce
MP-22
recorder (Continued) subcontrabass recorder
BT duct fluteNT alto recorder
bass recorder contrabass recorder csakan great bass recorder orkon sopranino recorder soprano recorder tenor recorder tonette tussefløyte
recording and reproducing pianoUSE digital player piano
reed instrumentAn unspecified reed instrument.
BT woodwind instrumentNT double reed instrument
single reed instrumentreed organ
UF cabinet organ harmonium melodeon (reed organ) organ, cabinet organ, parlor parlor organ
BT free reed instrumentNT bichromatic harmonium
vocalionRenaissance lute
A lute popular in Europe from the 15th-17thcenturies that has five to twelve courses, the uppercourses tuned primarily in fourths.
BT luterepinque
An Afro-Brazilian medium-sized single-headeddrum, sometimes used in pairs.
UF repiqueBT drum
repiqueUSE repinque
reproducing pianoUSE player piano
reque-requeUSE reco-reco
resonator guitarUF dobro
resophonic guitarBT guitar
resophonic guitarUSE resonator guitar
rgya glinUSE rgya-gling
rgya-glingUF rgya glinBT double reed instrument
rhythm machineUSE drum machine
ribab (lute)USE rubab
ribab (spike fiddle)USE rabab (spike fiddle)
rin gongUSE singing bowl
rindikUSE tingklik
robabUSE rubab
rohbabUSE rubab
roneat ekUSE ranat ek
roopillBT single reed instrument
royal Kent bugleUSE keyed bugle
ruanUF chung juan
daruan zhongruan
BT plucked luterubab
UF Afghan lute rabab (lute) rababah (lute) rabob rbab rebab (lute) ribab (lute) robab
rohbab rubaub rubob
BT plucked luteNT imzad
rubaubUSE rubab
rubobUSE rubab
rudra veenaUSE vina
rudra vinaUSE vina
Russian hornBT natural horn
ryutekiBT ductless flute
sa lawUSE salo
sackbutA brass instrument operated using a telescopic
slide that was generally used in the 15th-18thcenturies.
UF sagbut shagbut shakbush
BT trombonesaenap
USE tʻaepʻyongsosagbut
USE sackbutsahnai
UF sanai sanayi shahnai shanai shehnai surnai
BT double reed instrumentsaitar
USE setar (Iranian instrument)salmodikon
USE psalmodikonsalo
A Thai two-string spike fiddle with a separate bowand coconut shell resonator.
UF sa lawBT bowed lute
salterioUSE dulcimer
psalterysaluang
An Indonesian open end-blown bamboo flute.BT ductless flute
sambeUSE sapeh
sambuca linceaAn enharmonic harpsichord.
UF pentacontachordonBT harpsichord
samisenUSE shamisen
sampehUSE sapeh
sampeqUSE sapeh
sampiʹUSE sapeh
samplerAn electronic musical instrument that has no sound
of its own, and whose sounds are entirely derivedfrom recordings.
UF sound samplerBT electronic instrumentNT software sampler
sampler softwareUSE software sampler
sampling drum machineUSE drum machine
sanaiUSE sahnai
sanayiUSE sahnai
sandzaUSE mbira
sangenUSE shamisen
sanjaUSE shudraga
sansaUSE mbira
sanshinA Japanese three-stringed lute.
UF jabisen jamisen
BT plucked lutesansi
USE mbirasantir
USE santursantoor
USE santursantur
A trapezoidal dulcimer of Asia and the Balkans.UF santir
santoor sintir (dulcimer)
BT dulcimersanxian
A Chinese long-necked lute.UF hsien tse
sanxian xian ze xianzi
BT plucked luteUSE sanxian
saoA Vietnamese transverse bamboo flute.
BT ductless flutesape
USE sapehsapeh
An Indonesian plucked lute.UF sambe
sampeh sampeq sampiʹ sape sapi
BT plucked lutesapi
USE sapehsaran.gi
USE sarangisarangi
A South Asian short-necked fiddle.UF saran.giBT bowed lute
sarindaA South Asian bowed lute.
BT bowed lutesarod
A South Asian short fretless plucked lute.BT plucked lute
sarrusophoneA brass instrument played with a double reed.
BT double reed instrumentsatara
USE algojasatsuma-biwa
USE biwasaung-gauk
A Burmese arched harp.UF Burmese harp
conʻʺ conʻʺ kokʻ tsaung
BT harpsaw dua-ng
USE so duangsaw-sa-m sai
USE so sam saisaw u
USE so usax horn
USE saxhornsaxhorn
UF sax hornBT brass instrumentNT alto horn
baritone hornsaxoflute
A toy wind instrument consisting of 15 pieces thatcan be connected in various ways.
BT duct flute toy instrument
saxophoneUF subcontrabass saxophoneBT single reed instrumentNT alto saxophone
baritone saxophone bass saxophone contrabass saxophone
MP-23
sopranino saxophone soprano saxophone tenor saxophone
saxophone choirUSE saxophone ensemble
saxophone ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more
saxophones of any type.UF saxophone choirBT woodwind ensemble
sazA long-necked fretted lute.
BT plucked luteNT baglama
scalettaUSE melodica
scalmuseUSE shawm
schalmeiUSE shawm
schalmuseUSE shawm
scheitholtUSE noordsche balk
SchlusselfidelUSE keyed fiddle
SchlusselfiedelUSE keyed fiddle
Scottish harpUSE Irish harp
Scottish lowland bagpipesUSE border pipes
Scottish lowland pipesUSE border pipes
sehtarUSE setar (Iranian instrument)
sekereUSE cabaca
semandronUSE semantron
semanterUSE semantron
semanterionUSE semantron
semanthronUSE semantron
semantronA wooden percussion board struck with a hammer
and used as a call to prayer.UF semandron
semanter semanterion semanthron simandron
BT percussion idiophonesemar pagulingan
USE gamelan semar pegulingansemar pegulingan
USE gamelan semar pegulingansemsemiya
USE simsimiyyasemsemiyya
USE simsimiyyasep nyai
USE piphatsequencer
An electronic device that creates repeatablesequences of sound.
BT electronic instrumentserng
USE sungserpent
BT brass instrumentseta
USE setar (Iranian instrument)setar (Iranian instrument)
An Iranian four-stringed plucked long-necked lute.UF saitar
sehtar seta setor sihtar
BT plucked lutesetar (sitar)
USE sitarsetor
USE setar (Iranian instrument)seyo go
USE changgoshagbut
USE sackbut
shahnaiUSE sahnai
shakbushUSE sackbut
shakuhachiA Japanese end-blown bamboo flute.
UF syakuhatiBT ductless flute
shalmUSE shawm
shalmeUSE shawm
shalmieUSE shawm
shalmuseUSE shawm
shamisenA Japanese three-stringed fretless plucked lute.
UF samisen sangen
BT plucked luteshanai
USE sahnaishandz
USE shudragashandze
USE shudragashank bone
USE tibiashanz
USE shudragashawm
UF bombarde (shawm) chalmeye chalmie chalumeau (shawm) pommer scalmuse schalmei schalmuse shalm shalme shalmie shalmuse
BT double reed instrumentshehnai
USE sahnaishekere
USE cabacasheng
BT mouth organshepherd's pipe
USE pipe (musical instrument)shidurgu
USE shudragashin bone
USE tibiashinbone
USE tibiashino
USE shinobueshinobue
A Japanese transverse bamboo flute.UF shino
takebueBT ductless flute
shoBT mouth organ
shofarUF ram's hornBT natural horn
showground organUSE fairground organ
shudragaUF sanja
shandz shandze shanz shidurgu shudugu
BT plucked luteshudugu
USE shudragasico
USE sikusicu
USE sikuside drum
USE snare drumsigner
A performer who uses sign language.BT performer
sihtarUSE setar (Iranian instrument)
sikuUF sico
sicu zampona
BT panpipessimandron
USE semantronsimple chordophone
USE zithersimsimijah
USE simsimiyyasimsimiyah
USE simsimiyyasimsimiyya
An Arabian bowl or box lyre.UF semsemiya
semsemiyya simsimijah simsimiyah sumsumiyya
BT lyresinger
A performer who uses his or her voice to producemusical tone. For an unspecified vocalized part seevoice.
UF vocalistBT voiceNT child's voice
female voice high voice lead singer low voice male voice medium voice
singing-bird box, mechanicalUSE mechanical singing-bird box
singing bowlA Himalayan metal bowl that is generally struck or
rubbed with a padded mallet.UF bowl, Himalayan
bowl, singing gong, rin gong, suzu Himalayan bowl rin gong suzu gong Tibetan singing bowl
BT bell friction idiophone
singing membraneA membrane made to vibrate by speaking or
singing into it.BT membranophoneNT kazoo
mirlitonsinging trumpet
USE vamp-hornsingle reed instrument
An unspecified single reed instrument.BT reed instrumentNT balaban (single reed instrument)
birbyne chalumeau cifte clarinet launeddas roopill saxophone tarogato
sintirUSE gunibri
sintir (dulcimer)USE santur
sipsiUSE cifte
sistroA series of small mushroom-shaped bells mounted
in a frame on a handle.UF timpano musicaleBT bell
sistrumBT rattle
sitarUF citara
setar (sitar)BT plucked luteNT surbahar
siterBT plucked string instrument
zither
MP-24
siyotankaBT Native American flute
skrzypceUF diabelskie skrzypce
devil's fiddle devil's violin diable skrzype fiddle, devil's
BT violinslide trombone
USE tromboneslide trumpet
USE trumpetslit drum
A hollowed-out piece of wood with one or moreslits.
BT percussion idiophoneNT teponaztli
small pipe, NorthumbrianUSE Northumbrian small pipe
small pipes, NorthumbrianUSE Northumbrian small pipe
snare drumUF caixa
side drumBT drumNT surdo
tabor tamboril tambourin
so duangA two-stringed Thai bowed lute.
UF saw dua-ngBT bowed lute
so laUSE suo na
so sam saiA three-stringed Thai spike fiddle.
UF saw-sa-m saiBT bowed lute
so uUF saw uBT bowed lute
soft samplerUSE software sampler
software samplerUF music sampler software
sampler software soft sampler
BT samplersolchanggo
USE changgosolo vocal ensemble
An ensemble consisting of solo voices. For anensemble consisting of two or more unspecifiedvoices see vocal ensemble.
BT vocal ensemblesolor
USE bansurisona
USE suo nasong bell
USE xylophonesong flute
USE tonettesonus de canna
USE launeddassopranino clarinet
UF E♭ clarinet (sopranino) E-flat clarinet (sopranino) high E♭clarinet high E-flat clarinet
BT clarinetsopranino recorder
BT recordersopranino saxophone
BT saxophonesoprano, boy (singer)
USE boy soprano voicesoprano, child (singer)
USE child soprano voicesoprano (singer)
USE soprano voicesoprano pan
USE steel drumsoprano recorder
UF descant recorderBT recorder
soprano saxophoneBT saxophone
soprano voiceUF soprano (singer)
BT female voice high voice
sordellinaUF surdellinaBT bagpipe
sornaUSE zurna
sornaiUSE zurna
sound effectsSounds and noises, primarily percussive that are
often produced by noise-making objects not normallyregarded as musical instruments.
BT percussion instrumentsound sampler
USE samplersound synthesizer
USE synthesizersousaphone
BT tubaSpanish guitar
USE guitarspeaker
A performer who uses a speaking, rather than asinging, voice.
UF narrator orator reader
BT voicespike fiddle
USE rabab (spike fiddle)spinet
BT pianospinet (harpsichord)
USE harpsichordspinet (piano)
USE pianospinnet (piano)
USE pianospoken chorus
An ensemble of performers who use a speakingvoice rather than a singing voice.
BT chorussquare piano
UF square pianoforteBT piano
square pianoforteUSE square piano
squashboxUSE concertina
squeezeboxUSE button-key accordion
staccato-pastorellaUSE sticcado pastorale
stage bandUSE big band
stand-up bassUSE double bass
steel bandAn ensemble consisting of steel drums and rhythm
instruments.UF steel orchestra
steelband tinpanny
BT percussion ensemblesteel drum
UF bass pan drum, steel pan, soprano pan, steel soprano pan steel pan tenor pan
BT percussion idiophonesteel guitar
UF Hawaiian guitar Hawaiian steel guitar kika kila
BT guitarNT pedal steel guitar
steel orchestraUSE steel band
steel panUSE steel drum
steelbandUSE steel band
sticcadoUSE sticcado pastorale
sticcado pastoraleUF staccato-pastorella
sticcado
sticcado-pastroleBT mallet instrument
sticcado-pastroleUSE sticcado pastorale
stick zitherA chordophone consisting of a stick bearing a
string.BT plucked string instrument
zitherNT bumbass
phin phiastone flute
USE iwabuestone whistle
USE iwabuestraw fiddle
USE xylophonestreet organ
USE barrel organstreet piano
USE barrel pianostring band
An ensemble consisting largely or wholly of stringinstruments and often associated with jazz music.
BT instrumental ensemblestring bass
USE double bassstring ensemble
USE bowed string ensemblestring instrument
An unspecified string instrument. For anunspecified string instrument played with a bow seebowed string instrument.
UF chordophone stringed instrument
BT instrumentNT bowed string instrument
harp-lute plucked string instrument struck string instrument zither
string instrument ensembleUSE bowed string ensemble
string keyboard instrumentUSE keyboard instrument
string orchestraAn orchestra consisting solely or primarily of string
instruments.BT instrumental ensemble
stringed instrumentUSE string instrument
stringed instrument ensembleUSE bowed string ensemble
stringed keyboard instrumentUSE keyboard instrument
stringsUSE bowed string ensemble
struck idiophoneBT idiophone
percussion instrumentNT concussion idiophone
indirectly struck idiophone percussion idiophone
struck string instrumentBT percussion instrument
string instrumentNT berimbau
clavichord dulcimer piano tangent piano
stviriUSE chiboni
su-naUSE suo na
subcontrabass recorderUSE recorder
subcontrabass saxophoneUSE saxophone
suifukinBT edge-blown instrument
sulingBT duct flute
sumsumiyyaUSE simsimiyya
sungUF serngBT plucked lute
suo naUF chi na
hiang te la pa
MP-25
so la sona su-na suona ta ti wa wa erh wu li wa
BT double reed instrumentsuona
USE suo nasupeljka
UF supelkaBT ductless flute
supelkaUSE supeljka
surbaharBT sitar
surdellinaUSE sordellina
surdoUF caixa-surdaBT snare drum
surlaUSE zurna
surleUSE zurna
surnaUSE zurna
surnaiUSE sahnai
zurnasuzu gong
USE singing bowlsviraja
USE sviralasvirala
UF duduk (duct flute) frula jedina jedinka jednojka sviraja svirale zvegljica
BT duct flutesvirale
USE sviralaswaenap
USE tʻaepʻyongsosyakuhati
USE shakuhachisymphonet
USE pipe (musical instrument)symphonic band
USE bandsymphonic wind ensemble
USE bandsymphonic winds
USE bandsynth
USE synthesizersynthesiser
USE synthesizersynthesizer
An electronic instrument capable of producingsounds by generating electrical signals of differentfrequencies.
UF music synthesizer musical synthesizer sound synthesizer synth synthesiser
BT electronic instrumentNT electronic keyboard
ta tiUSE suo na
taarUSE tar (lute)
tabalaUSE tabla
tabatiere, mechanical singing-birdUSE mechanical singing-bird box
tablaA pair of small, tuned, hand-played drums from
South Asia.UF tabalaBT drum
table organUSE positive organ
taborBT snare drum
tabor pipeUSE pipe (musical instrument)
tabourUSE tambourin
tabourinUSE tambourin
tʻaepʻyongsoUF hojok
nallari saenap swaenap
BT double reed instrumenttaiko
BT drumtaiko (drum ensemble)
An ensemble consisting mainly of indigenousJapanese percussion instruments.
BT percussion ensembletakebue
USE shinobuetalharpa
BT bowed string instrument lyre
talking drumUF dundun
ganganBT hourglass drum
tam-tamA large flat gong of indefinite pitch.
UF tamtamBT gong
tambalBT dulcimer
tambiBT plucked string instrument
zithertambor
USE atabaquetamboril
BT snare drumtamborim
BT frame drumtambou
A French Caribbean drum formed from a hollowedout tree trunk covered in animal skin.
BT drumtamboura
USE tambura (drone lute)tambourin
A double-headed snare drum from Provence. Forthe single-headed frame drum, usually with jingleshanging loosely from openings in the shell, seetambourine.
UF Provence, tambourin de provencal, tambourin tabour tabourin tambourin de Provence tambourin provencal
BT snare drumtambourin de Provence
USE tambourintambourin provencal
USE tambourintambourine
A small single-headed frame drum, usually withjingles hanging loosely from openings in the shell. Forthe double-headed snare drum from Provence seetambourin.
UF adufo basque, tambour de pandeiro tambur de basque
BT frame drum indirectly struck idiophone
tambouritzaUSE tambura (fretted lute)
tamburUSE tanbur
tambur de basqueUSE tambourine
tambura (drone lute)A South Asian long-necked plucked drone lute.
UF pandur tamboura tamburi tampuri tanpura
BT plucked lutetambura (fretted lute)
A Balkan long-necked lute.UF tambouritza
tamburica tamburitza
BT plucked lutetambura (fretted lute) ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or more tamburas.BT plucked instrument ensemble
tamburiUSE tambura (drone lute)
tamburicaUSE tambura (fretted lute)
tamburitzaUSE tambura (fretted lute)
tampuriUSE tambura (drone lute)
tamtamUSE tam-tam
tamukkuUSE tasha
tanboorUSE tanbur
tanburUF tambur
tanboor tanbura (lute)
BT plucked lutetanbura (lute)
USE tanburtangent piano
A keyboard instrument whose strings are struck byslips of wood that resemble harpsichord jacks.
BT keyboard instrument struck string instrument zither
tanpuraUSE tambura (drone lute)
tansoBT ductless flute
tap dancerA performer who tap dances as part of a musical
composition.BT dancer
tape (electronics)USE electronics
tapping, footUSE foot tapping
tar (drum)BT frame drum
tar (lute)UF taarBT plucked lute
tar pinkaylluUSE tarka
taragotUSE tarogato
tarakavaUSE tarogato
tarcaUSE tarka
tarkaA wooden duct flute of the Andes.
UF anata tar pinkayllu tarca tharka
BT duct flutetaro patch fiddle
USE ukuleletarogato
UF taragot tarakava torogoata
BT single reed instrumenttaropatch
USE ukuleletarsa
USE tashatarsha
USE tashatasa
USE tashaTaschengeige
USE pochettetasha
UF tamukku tarsa tarsha tasa
BT drumtavil
UF dhavul thavil
BT drum
MP-26
television setBT electronic instrument
telharmoniumUF dynaphoneBT electronic instrument
keyboard instrumenttemple drum
USE yaogutenor (singer)
USE tenor voicetenor horn
USE alto horntenor oboe
USE English horntenor pan
USE steel drumtenor recorder
BT recordertenor saxophone
BT saxophonetenor trombone
USE trombonetenor violin
BT bowed lutetenor voice
UF tenor (singer)BT high voice
male voicetenora
BT double reed instrumentteorbe
USE theorbotepenahuasqui
USE teponaztliteponagua
USE teponaztliteponahuaztli
USE teponaztliteponaxtle
USE teponaztliteponaztli
UF quiringua tepenahuasqui teponagua teponahuaztli teponaxtle tinco tun-kul
BT slit drumtermenvoks
USE theremint'goerra
USE gorat'gorrah
USE goratharka
USE tarkathavil
USE taviltheater organ
An organ developed to provide background musicfor silent films.
UF cinema organ theatre organ
BT organtheatre organ
USE theater organtheorb
USE theorbotheorbe
USE theorbotheorbo
A large extended-neck lute with two peg boxes thatwas used principally in the Baroque period, on whichthe upper courses have a reentrant tuning and thediapasons are tuned diatonically.
UF chitarrone teorbe theorb theorbe tiorba tuorba tuorbe
BT plucked lutetheorbo-harpsichord
USE lute-harpsichordtheremin
UF aetherphon termenvoks thereminvox
BT electronic instrument
thereminvoxUSE theremin
thoroughbassUSE continuo
through bassUSE continuo
thumb pianoUSE mbira
ti-tseUSE di zi
Tibetan singing bowlUSE singing bowl
tibiaUF shank bone
shin bone shinbone
BT woodwind instrumenttimbales criollos
BT drumtimpani
UF kettledrum kettledrums timpanum tympani
BT drumtimpano musicale
USE sistrotimpanum
USE timpanitimple
USE tipletin can
BT percussion instrumenttin whistle
USE penny whistletinco
USE teponaztlitingklik
UF rindikBT xylophone
tinpannyUSE steel band
tiorbaUSE theorbo
tipleUF guitarillo
timpleBT plucked lute
tobaUSE tupan
tom-tomUF Chinese tom-tomBT drum
tombakUSE zarb
tommy talkerUSE kazoo
tonetteUF song fluteBT recorder
topanUSE tupan
torogoataUSE tarogato
tower clock bellUSE clock chimes
toy instrumentAn instrument made for children that is often a
simplified or scaled-down version of a conventionalinstrument.
UF musical toy instrument toy musical instrument
BT instrumentNT baby rattle
harpola melody flute saxoflute toy piano
toy musical instrumentUSE toy instrument
toy orchestraUF toy symphonyBT instrumental ensemble
toy pianoUF piano, toyBT keyboard instrument
percussion idiophone toy instrument
toy symphonyUSE toy orchestra
tʾpanUSE tupan
transverse fluteUSE flute
trap kitUSE drum set
trap setUSE drum set
trapsUSE drum set
trautoniumBT electronic instrument
treble violBT viol
treble violinUSE pochette
treble voiceUSE boy soprano voice
tresBT plucked lute
triangleBT percussion idiophone
trieddaUSE launeddas
tromba marinaUSE trumpet marine
tromboneUF slide trombone
tenor trombone valve trombone
BT brass instrumentNT alto trombone
bass trombone sackbut
trombone choirUSE trombone ensemble
trombone ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more trombones.
UF trombone choirBT brass ensemble
trueddaUSE launeddas
trumpUSE Jew’s harp
trumpetUF bass trumpet
natural trumpet piccolo trumpet slide trumpet valve trumpet
BT brass instrumentNT keyed trumpet
trumpet, mockUSE chalumeau
trumpet, singingUSE vamp-horn
trumpet choirUSE trumpet ensemble
trumpet ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more trumpets.
UF trumpet choirBT brass ensemble
trumpet marineUF fiddle, nun's
marine trumpet nun's fiddle tromba marina
BT bowed lutetruvedda
USE launeddastsaung
USE saung-gauktshipendani
USE chipendanitsigulka
USE gudulkatsymbaly
USE cimbalomtuba
UF bass horn bass tuba BB♭ tuba Bʹ♭ tuba bombardon Cʹ tuba CC tuba contrabass tuba double B-flat tuba double C tuba
BT brass instrumentNT helicon
pelittone sousaphone
MP-27
tuba ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more tubas.
BT brass ensembletuba stentoro-phonica
USE vamp-horntubaphone
UF tubuphoneBT percussion idiophone
tube zitherBT zitherNT chakhe
valihatubular bells
UF chimes, orchestral orchestral chimes
BT belltubuphone
USE tubaphonetulum
USE chibonitulumi
USE chibonitumba
BT drumtumbadora
USE congatun-kul
USE teponaztlitunbak
USE zarbtuning fork piano
USE dulcitonetuorba
USE theorbotuorbe
USE theorbotupan
UF daul goc toba topan tʾpan
BT drumturntable, phonograph
USE phonograph turntableturntable system (phonograph)
USE phonograph turntableturu (side-blown trumpet)
BT natural horntusse fløyte
USE tussefløytetussefløyte
UF tusse fløyteBT recorder
txalapartaBT percussion idiophone
txistuUSE galoubet
tympaniUSE timpani
ʻudUSE oud
uilean pipeUSE uilleann pipe
uileann pipeUSE uilleann pipe
uilleann pipeUF Irish organ
uilean pipe uileann pipe
BT bagpipeuke
USE ukuleleukelele
USE ukuleleukulele
UF taro patch fiddle taropatch uke ukelele yukelele
BT plucked luteukulele banjo
USE banjo ukuleleunspecified instrument
USE instrumentupright bass
USE double bassupright piano
USE pianourucungu
USE berimbau
valehaUSE valiha
valihaUF baliha
marovany (tube zither) valeha valiha-volo volo
BT plucked string instrument tube zither
valiha-voloUSE valiha
valve tromboneUSE trombone
valve trumpetUSE trumpet
vamp-hornUF singing trumpet
trumpet, singing tuba stentoro-phonica vamping-horn
BT megaphonevamping-horn
USE vamp-hornveena
USE vinaveene
USE vinavenu
A ductless flute used in Carnatic music.UF kulalu
pillana grovi pullankulal pullankuzhal venuvu
BT ductless flutevenuvu
USE venuverrophon
USE verrophoneverrophone
UF glasses, musical musical glasses verrophon
BT friction idiophoneveuze
BT bagpipevibraharp
USE vibraphonevibraphone
UF vibraharpBT mallet instrument
vichitra vinaUSE vicitra vina
vicitra vinaUF vichitra vinaBT vina
vielleUSE hurdy-gurdy
vielle a roueUSE hurdy-gurdy
vihuelaUF vihuela comun
vihuela de manoBT plucked lute
vihuela comunUSE vihuela
vihuela de manoUSE vihuela
vinaUF bin
bina rudra veena rudra vina veena veene vinai vine
BT plucked string instrument zither
NT gottuvadyam vicitra vina
vinaiUSE vina
vineUSE vina
violAn unspecified instrument from the family of
fretted, bowed string instruments in use from the16th-18th centuries.
UF gamba (family of viols) viola da gamba (family of viols)
BT bowed luteNT lyra viol
pardessus de viole treble viol viola da gamba viola d'amore violone
viol, bassUSE viola da gamba
violaBT bowed luteNT viola pomposa
viola bastardaUSE lyra viol
viola braguesaUSE viola d'arame
viola choirUSE viola ensemble
viola chuleiraUSE viola d'arame
viola da braccioUF braccio, viola daBT bowed string instrument
viola da gambaUF bass viol
gamba, viola da viol, bass
BT violviola da gamba (family of viols)
USE violviola d'amore
BT violviola d'arame
UF arame, viola da Portuguese viola viola braguesa viola chuleira viola de arame
BT plucked luteviola de arame
USE viola d'arameviola-de-cocho
UF Brazilian lute lute, Brazilian
BT plucked luteviola di bordone
USE barytonviola ensemble
An ensemble consisting of two or more violas.UF viola choirBT bowed string ensemble
viola paredonUSE baryton
viola pomposaBT viola
violano-virtuosoBT mechanical instrument
violetta d'amoreA bowed string instrument with five playing and six
resonating strings developed in Germany in the 20thcentury.
BT bowed luteviolin
BT bowed luteNT electric violin
phonofiddle pochette prepared violin skrzypce
violin choirUSE violin ensemble
violin ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more violins.
UF violin choirBT bowed string ensemble
violoBT bowed lute
violoncelloUSE cello
violoncello piccoloBT cello
violoneUF double bass violBT viol
violottaBT bowed lute
virginalBT keyboard instrument
plucked string instrument zither
visualsA visual component of a musical performance.
MP-28
vocal ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more unspecified
voices. For an ensemble consisting of solo voices,use solo vocal ensemble.
BT ensembleNT chorus
solo vocal ensemblevocal percussion
A vocalist who creates sounds with the mouth thatapproximate, imitate, or otherwise serve the samepurpose as a percussion instrument.
UF bouladjel mouth drum
BT voice body percussion
vocalionBT reed organ
vocalistUSE singer
voiceAn unspecified vocalized part. For a performer who
uses his or her voice to produce musical tone seesinger.
BT performerNT singer
speaker vocal percussion
voloUSE valiha
Vosges, epinette desUSE epinette des Vosges
wa wa erhUSE suo na
washboardBT indirectly struck idiophone
washboard bandUF band, washboardBT instrumental ensemble
washintUF wasintBT ductless flute
washtub bassUF gutbucketBT plucked string instrument
wasintUSE washint
water organUF hydraulic organ
hydraulis hydraulos hydraulus
BT mechanical organNT hydraulic barrel organ
waterphoneBT friction idiophone
Welsh harpUSE Irish harp
whistleBT duct flute
whistle (penny whistle)USE penny whistle
whistlingBT aerophone
body percussionwind band
USE bandwind-bell
USE wind chimewind chime
UF wind-bell windchime
BT aerophone idiophone
wind controllerUF electronic trumpet
electronic valve instrument electronic wind instrument eVI (electronic valve instrument) eVI wind controller eWI (electronic wind instrument)
BT aerophone MIDI controller
wind ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more mixed wind
instruments. For a brass or woodwind ensemble, seebrass ensemble or woodwind ensemble. For windband, see band.
BT instrumental ensembleNT brass ensemble
woodwind ensemblewind ensemble (band)
USE band
wind instrumentAn unspecified woodwind or brass instrument.
BT aerophoneNT brass instrument
jug megaphone woodwind instrument
wind machineUF aeoliphoneBT friction idiophone
wind orchestraUSE band
wind symphonyUSE band
windchimeUSE wind chime
woman's voiceUSE female voice
women’s chorusBT chorus
wood-wind instrumentUSE woodwind instrument
woodwind ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more different
woodwind instruments.BT wind ensembleNT clarinet choir
flute choir oboe ensemble panpipes ensemble saxophone ensemble
woodwind instrumentAn unspecified woodwind instrument.
UF wood-wind instrumentBT wind instrumentNT edge-blown instrument
reed instrument tibia
wu li waUSE suo na
xaramitaUSE gralla
xian zeUSE sanxian
xianziUSE sanxian
xiaoBT ductless flute
xirimiaUSE chirimia
xirimitaUSE gralla
xunBT ductless flute
xylo-marimbaUSE xylorimba
xylophoneUF bell, song
fiddle, straw song bell straw fiddle
BT mallet instrumentNT amadinda
angklung (xylophone) gambang mendzan tingklik
xylophone controllerUSE mallet controller
xylorimbaUF marimba-xylophone
xylo-marimbaBT mallet instrument
yamatobueUSE kagurabue
yanchinUSE yoochin (dulcimer)
yanchirUSE yoochin (dulcimer)
yang qinUF yangqinBT dulcimer
yanggumUF kurachʾolsa kumBT dulcimer
yangqinUSE yang qin
yaoguUF huagu
temple drumBT drum
yatagaUSE yatga
yatgaUF Mongolian zither
yataga yatug yatug-a yatuga
BT plucked string instrument zither
yatugUSE yatga
yatug-aUSE yatga
yatugaUSE yatga
yoochin (dulcimer)UF eochin
yanchin yanchir
BT dulcimeryue hu
USE gao huyue qin
UF moon guitar moon lute yueqin
BT plucked luteyueqin
USE yue qinyuka
BT drumyukelele
USE ukulelezampona
USE sikuzarah
USE kazoozarb
UF domback dombak tombak tunbak
BT goblet drumzheng
UF Chinese zither gu zheng guzheng
BT plucked string instrument zither
zhong huUF zhonghuBT er hu
zhonghuUSE zhong hu
zhongruanUSE ruan
zhui qinBT hu qin
ziliaUSE finger cymbals
zilsUSE finger cymbals
zinkUSE cornett
zitherUF cither
simple chordophoneBT string instrumentNT aeolian harp
ajaeng Appalachian dulcimer autoharp bulbultarang citaharp clavichord claviorgan đan bau đan tranh diddley bow dolceola dulcimer harmonic canon harp guitar harp-piano harp zither harpola harpsichord hurdy-gurdy ichigenkin kacapi (zither) kayagum
MP-29
komunʾgo koto lute-harpsichord marovany (box zither) meloharp meta-harp monochord musical bow new century harp ongnyugum piano psalmodikon psaltery qanun qin siter stick zither tambi tangent piano tube zither vina virginal yatga zheng zitho-harp
zither ensembleAn ensemble consisting of two or more zithers.
BT instrumental ensemblezither harp
USE harp zitherzitho-harp
BT plucked string instrument zither
zoomoozophoneBT mallet instrument
zukraUSE zurna
zumariBT double reed instrument
zurlaUSE zurna
zurnaUF sorna
sornai surla surle surna surnai zukra zurla
BT double reed instrumentzvegljica
USE svirala
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