Transcript
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Motivation in PracticeNon-Monetary Methods
PEOPLEMOTIVATION AND LEADERSHIP
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An Introduction
Financial rewards often
used to motivateemployees and improve
productivity.
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An Introduction
Breaks, holidays.
Job security. Safe, healthy working environment. Friendly colleagues, superiors,
subordinates. Interesting, stimulating tasks.
Other factors are important, such as:
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An Introduction
ecognition for effort, achievement.
!hance to take responsibility,chance of promotion
Independence
"pportunities to show how good youare
Other factors are important:
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An Introduction
#igh degree of specialisation to
ma$imise productivity.
Expansion of mass production
systems led to:
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An Introduction
become e$perts in performing
tasks.
be %uicker and & or to
generate less wastage.
Specialisation enables
employees to:
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An Introduction
Becomes boring and
repetitive.
Can lead to employees losin
interest! as "ob:
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An Introduction
increased absenteeism, highlabour turnover.
lower productivity, poor%uality work.
Can lead to:
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An Introduction
redesigning 'obs to make themmore challenging&fulfilling.
giving people more freedom over
aspects of their work. allowing people to work in teams.
Methods to increase "ob
satisfaction involve:
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Definition
#ob Enlarement
Providing staff with moretasks of same / similar
nature.
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Ep!anation
#ob Enlarement
(mployee given severaldifferent tasks to do all
re%uiring similar level of skill.
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
Providing some variation of tasks may
help to:
reduce potential boredom from 'ust
concentrating on one task, increasing
'ob satisfaction and productivity. Increase efficiency ) workers being
able to fill in for absentees.
#ob Enlarement
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
*ay also re%uire much less training
than 'ob enrichment. However it may:
not motivate those who would prefer
e$tra responsibility rather than more
tasks of the same nature. still lead to claims for additional pay.
#ob Enlarement
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
*ay also re%uire much less training
than 'ob enrichment. However it may:
result in a fall in productivity as
employees find it harder to
concentrate on several activitiesrather than one, and & or switch
between tasks.
#ob Enlarement
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Definition
#ob Enrichment
Providing employees with
more challenging tasks and /or greater responsibility and
ultimately opportunities to
demonstrate their abilities.
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Ep!anation
#ob Enrichment
!ay include allowing employee
on production line to: plan their work. order materials. supervise others. carry out routine maintenance.
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
#ob Enrichment
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
%reater &o' satisfactionfor
individual employees.
#ob Enrichment
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A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
Ma( not suit a!! some notwilling & have the ability.
Trainin$ costs)
Increase" pa()
#ob Enrichment
Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
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Definition
#ob $otation
Providing employees with "obvariety by changing their "ob
or tasks at various intervals
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Ep!anation
#ob $otation
#ype of "ob enlargement. !ay
include moving an employee:
from one part of production line
to carry out different task.
to a new department, eg financeto personnel.
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
#ob $otation
Similar to "ob enlargement $
providing some variety may:
reduce potential boredom fromconcentrating on one task, increasing
'ob satisfaction and productivity.
Increase efficiency with workers easilybeing able to fill in for others in the
case of absentees.
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
#ob $otation
*ay also re%uire much less training
than 'ob enrichment. However it
may:
not motivate those who would prefer
e$tra responsibility rather than moretasks of the same nature. still lead to claims for additional pay.
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
#ob $otation
*ay also re%uire much less training
than 'ob enrichment. However it
may:
-lso result in a fall in output as
employees learn new 'obs and taketime to settle in when switching
between 'obs & tasks.
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Definition
%eam &or'in
%here the production or
provision of a service isorganised into working groups
instead of individual employees
specialising in individual tasks.
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Ep!anation
%eam &or'in
+roups of employees responsible for a
particular department, product or
process, are allowed to decide how workis to be divided & controlled in terms of
speed & pace, including timing of breaks.
inked with *ayo/s ideas re0 social
needs of individuals.
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Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
%eam &or'in
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A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
Better decision making andincreased productivity.
+reater innovation & willingness to
take risks. ess disruption to the workplace, eg
if fle$ible workers.
%eam &or'in
Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
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A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
+reater scope for conflict.
%eam &or'in
Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
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Definition
Participation
#he "oint involvement of
management and employees in!aking decisions on matters of
mutual concern.
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Le#e!s of Participation
Participation
Information sharin$)
Schoo! counci!) *or+er "irectors) *or+er counci!s)
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Potentia! A"#anta$es an" Disa"#anta$es
A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
Participation
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A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
&mployees feel more valued and
fulfilled:
Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
1ositive relationships between
management 2 employees
Improved motivation and
performance.
Participation
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A"#anta$es Disa"#anta$es
3ecisions taken more slowly.
+reater potential for conflict.
Potentia! a"#anta$es an" "isa"#anta$es
Participation
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Manaement by (b"ectives )M*(+
*anagement by ob'ectives
involves e#er(employee having
targets to achieve, derived from
aims&ob'ectives of the business.
Definition
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e( -enefits
1rovides unity and direction.
1rovides motivation.
Manaement by (b"ectives )M*(+
Purpose
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,eleation
#he act of giving duties and / or
the responsibility and authority fordecision making to subordinates
'workers below you(.
Definition . Ep!anation
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Princip!es of %oo" De!e$ation
+reat deal of trust 4illingness of managers to
delegate responsibility.
,eleation
e%uires0
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Frees up top management time to
focus on ma'or issues.
(mployees feel valued & trusted. ower supervision costs.
,eleation
Potentia! A"#anta$es an" Disa"#anta$es
Some workers, however, not willing &
have the ability. 5raining to ensure
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