2011 Example from enterprise support in Poland Rafał Trzciński Impact Evaluation Seminar Warsaw, 12.12.2011.
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2011
Example from enterprise support in Poland
Rafał Trzciński
Impact Evaluation Seminar
Warsaw, 12.12.2011
Purpose of the evaluation
Estimation of the impact of grants on growth of SMEs
in Poland.
Measure covered by the study:Improvement of
competitiveness of SMEs through investments (Measure 2.3)
implemented within Sectoral Operational Programme
Improvement of the Competitiveness of Enterprises, years
2004-2006 (SOP-ICE).
Measure 2.3 was aimed at improvement of competitiveness
of Polish SMEs through modernisation of their product offer
and their technology base.
Average value of the subsidy amounted to PLN 532 thousand.
Impact evaluation problem
?
Factor x1
Factor x2
Problem: low
competitiveness of enterprises
SOP-ICE
EffectsSELECTION
BIAS
The approach
Counterfactual framework -> Q: what would have
happened in the absence of the intervention?
Quasi-experimental approach was chosen.
Control group was selected from unsuccessful
applicants.
Method used to reduce the selection bias:
Propensity Score Matching.
Data sets used in the evaluation
PARP data sets (databases of all applicants, with employment +9);
19 covariates were controlled, such as: age, revenues, size, legal form, assets, the use of other subsidies, etc.
Central Statistical Office data sets (Report on revenues, costs and financial results and the cost of fixed assets);
31 outcome variables were estimated, such as: net revenues from sales, employment, expenditures, profits, etc.
Unsuccessful applicantsControl group
ps= 0,6ps= 0,5
ps= 0,8ps= 0,1
ps= 0,2
ps= 0,3ps= 0,2
ps= 0,01
ps= 0,4
ps= 0,9
Beneficiaries
ps= 0,8ps= 0,3
ps= 0,9ps= 0,4
ps= 0,1
Propensity Score Matching (1-1; nearest neighbour)
Selection bias
Variable Treated(mean value)
Untreated
(mean value)
Control group(mean value)
The standardized difference in
percent (before matching)
The standardized difference in
percent (after matching)
Age of the company 10,31 10,41 10,13 -1,12 2,28Revenues (in total) 50409,24 74320,05 62275,93 -4,74 -2,35Revenue growth before the programe (comparing 2 periods)
0,72 0,59 0,73 26,72 -2,35
Assets (in toatal) 32676,70 75478,18 30319,08 -2,78 0,15Assets growth before the programe (comparing 2 periods)
0,70 0,60 0,70 20,12 -0,35
Value of deminimis 13802,67 9826,17 11593,88 5,22 2,90Total employment 70,34 44,77 71,15 47,44 -1,50Employment growth before the programme
0,66 0,57 0,66 18,88 -0,46
Difference in employment 7,29 4,20 7,73 17,62 -2,49Percentage of women 0,27 0,33 0,27 -25,82 0,98Number of contracts signed in Phare
1,15 0,45 1,06 53,95 6,87
Value of signed contracts in Phare 15502,53 5301,36 13934,88 46,73 7,18Application in SOP-ICE Measure 2.1 0,06 0,02 0,06 21,45 2,77Contract in SOP-ICE Measure 2.1 0,04 0,01 0,03 20,24 2,60Contract in SOP-HRD Measure 2.3 0,08 0,04 0,09 15,92 -2,28Credit 0,70 0,53 0,68 34,68 4,86Project area … … … … …Region … … … … …Legal form … … … … …PKD code … … … … …
Date of measurement
Employment and wages costs
Impact: +14 FTEs Impact: +PLN 511thousand
Net revenues from sales
Impact: +PLN 5 211 thousand
Operating expenses
Impact: +PLN 5 006 thousand
Losses – scale of the phenomenon
Impact: +3,3% Impact: zero
Losses
Impact: +PLN 360 thousandImpact: +PLN 3 335 thousand
Profits
Impact: +PLN 412 thousand Impact: +PLN 248 thousand
Asset Turnover
Impact: -0,10
Total expenditures on tangible fixed assets in use
Impact: +PLN 434 thousand Impact: +PLN 395 thousand
Liabilities
Impact: +PLN 458 thousand Impact: +PLN 372 thousand
Export
Impact: +PLN 1 479 thousand Impact: -PLN 753 thousand
Value of purchases in total imports
Impact: +PLN 1 307 thousand
Structure of imports
Impact: +PLN 1 158 thousand Impact: -PLN 109 thousand
Current ratio
Impact: -0,07
Main positive impacts:
Employment and wages.
Export and import (production activity).
Profits.
Expenditures on tangible fixed assets in use
(machinery and technical equipment).
Main negative impacts, or no impact:
Productivity of the enterprises.
Losses and their amount.
Liquidity of the enterprises.
Summary
www.parp.gov.pl/index/more/24238
Thank you for your attention!
Polish Agency for Enterprise Development81/83 Pańska Street
00-834 Warsaw, Poland
Tel + 48 (22) 432 80 80Fax + 48 (22) 432 86 20
+ 48 (22) 432 84 04
Infoline: + 48 (22) 432 89 91/92/93www.parp.gov.pl
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