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01ST DETECT PROPRIETARYWWW.1STDETECT.COM
NOVEL SAMPLE INLETS TO ENABLE MASS
SPECTROMETRIC DETECTION OF
EXPLOSIVES
WARREN MINO, DAVID RAFFERTY, ABRAR RIAZ, MICHAEL SPENCER, JAMES WYLDE
TEDW 2013
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INTRODUCTION
MASS SPECTROMETRY IN EXPLOSIVES DETECTION
RECAP OF PREVIOUS WORK
SAMPLE INTRODUCTION
CASE STUDY
CONCLUSION
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
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CORPORATE BACKGROUNDSUBSIDIARY OF ASTROTECH CORPORATION (NASDAQ:ASTC) – AUSTIN TX
‒ Leverage technology developed for space program into terrestrial space
‒ Amibitious needs of space program = incubate cutting edge technologies
1st DETECT FOUNDED NOV 2007 TO COMMERCIALIZE MS TECHNOLOGY DESIGNED FOR SPACE PROGRAM
‒ Air quality monitoring for ISS‒ 400 compounds to low ppb‒ NO SERVICE DEPOTS NEARBY!
OVERVIEW – 1ST DETECT CORP
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OVERVIEW – 1ST DETECT MMS-1000™
TRUE PORTABLE MASS SPECTROMETER Cylindrical Ion Trap Commercial release at Pittcon 2012
PORTABLE SIZE & LIGHTWEIGHT 6”x 12”x 8” / 4 - 7 kg (9-16 lbs.)
HIGHLY SENSITIVE ppm - direct leak ppb - membrane inlet ppt - pre-concentrator
KEY PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS 30 - 450 amu (customizable to ~650 amu) < 0.5 amu resolution (< 0.3 amu typical) 1 sec cycle time (user programmable) MS2 capable (MS3 in manual mode) with > 90% efficiency ~ 45 W average power consumption (~65 W max) Auto mass tune with internal standard
DEPLOYMENTS Food and Beverage Evolved gas analysis CWA / threat detection Air quality monitoring
COST COMPETITIVE WITH IMS
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MASS SPECTROMETRY & EXPLOSIVES
Any detection technology is a trade off
More threats
Complexity
Information
SWaP
69
131
155
219
368355
343193
393
305
293
255
243
100
205
267
443
Simplicity
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MINIATURE ION TRAP
MINIATURE ION TRAP:Easily miniaturized: hyperbolic -> cylindrical electrodes
No loss of resolution
No loss of mass range
Manufacturable architecture
Ruggedized for field use
“Free” MS/MS
BUT: Sensitivity can be impacted
61ST DETECT PROPRIETARYWWW.1STDETECT.COM
MINIATURE ION TRAP
MINIATURE ION TRAP:Easily miniaturized: hyperbolic -> cylindrical electrodes
No loss of resolution
No loss of mass range
Manufacturable architecture
Ruggedized for field use
“Free” MS/MS
BUT: Sensitivity can be impacted
71ST DETECT PROPRIETARYWWW.1STDETECT.COM
MINIATURE ION TRAP
MINIATURE ION TRAP:Easily miniaturized: hyperbolic -> cylindrical electrodes
No loss of resolution
No loss of mass range
Manufacturable architecture
Ruggedized for field use
“Free” MS/MS
BUT: Sensitivity can be impacted
81ST DETECT PROPRIETARYWWW.1STDETECT.COM
MINIATURE ION TRAP
MINIATURE ION TRAP:Easily miniaturized: hyperbolic -> cylindrical electrodes
No loss of resolution
No loss of mass range
Manufacturable architecture
Ruggedized for field use
“Free” MS/MS
BUT: Sensitivity can be impacted
91ST DETECT PROPRIETARYWWW.1STDETECT.COM
SOLUTION
PRE-CONCENTRATOR (PRECON-1000™)Resistive mesh coated with sorbent materialMesh corrugated and inserted into ¼” ID quartz tubeInternal manifold & valve systemDedicated internal controller and power supply boardsInternal sampling pump (MS roughing pump)
InstalledMesh AssemblyCorrugated MeshCoated Mesh
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104 Gain
PERFORMANCE
PERFORMANCEMeasured concentration gain ~104
Enabled low pptr to sub pptr sensitivity with miniature ion trap MS
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RDX EGDN
HMTD PETN
CASE STUDY – EXPLOSIVE HEADSPACE
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UREA NITRATE AMMONIUM NITRATE
SODIUM PERCHLORATE POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
CASE STUDY – EXPLOSIVES HEADSPACE
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INTRODUCTION
MASS SPECTROMETRY IN EXPLOSIVES DETECTION
RECAP OF PREVIOUS WORK
SAMPLE INTRODUCTION
CASE STUDY
CONCLUSION
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
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Direct injection –vialo Sample deposited in glass vialo Chilled to freeze sample before
evacuationHeated vialo Direct or IRo Internal desorber
Allows direct injection of sample into vacuum chamberDirect sampling and IR heating under test
EXPLOSIVES SAMPLING – DIRECT
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EXPLOSIVES SAMPLING – DIRECT
HMX RDX
HMTD TNT
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MS ETD DETECTOR
MASS SPECTROMETRY: CROSSING THE VACUUM
Membrane SelectivitySensitivity
API Gas Load = PumpsSWaP
Split Flow Sensitivity
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DESORPTION
SOLUTION: EVACUATED DESORBERSample collected on standard swab
Evacuated prior to desorption
Functionally mimics pre-concentrator
No sample loss, low power, no selectivoty
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DESORPTION
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EXPLOSIVES SAMPLING – SWAB
TNT HCE
EGDN
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PRECONCENTRATOR (HEADSPACE):o RDXo EGDNo HMTDo PETNo Urea Nitrate
EVACUATED DESORBER :o TNTo Hexachloroethane
DIRECT INJECTION:o HMXo RDX
CONCLUSIONS:o Demonstrated ionization with EIo Demonstrated trapping in miniature CITo Characteristic peaks identifiedo Demonstrated thermal desorption of particulate and SVOC compounds
o Ammonium Nitrateo Sodium Permanganateo Potassium Permanganateo Sodium Perchlorateo Potassium Perchlorate
EXPLOSIVES DETECTION - SUMMARY
SUMMARY OF EXPLOSIVES ANALYSIS
o HMTDo TNT
o EGDN
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Residual toluene
Cinnamaldehyde
OATMEAL
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Optimized flow paths
Hybrid desorber -> P/C
Alternate heating methods
Alternate ionization
FUTURE WORK
Molecular IonMethyl Salicylate152 Da
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CONCLUSION
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!
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