19th Century Imperialism. What is Imperialism? The takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation with the intent of dominating the political,
Post on 16-Dec-2015
221 Views
Preview:
Transcript
What is Imperialism?
The takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation with the intent of dominating the political, economic, and social life of the people of that nation.
Economic Motivations
With industrialization, Europeans needed new markets and raw materials to increase their profit margin.
Sense of National Pride
Europeans viewed empire as a measure of national greatness. Competition for colonies amongst Europeans (and later the United States).Ability to project military power aboard increasingly became the role of navy.
Social Justification Social Darwinism- Herbert Spencer and others used Charles Darwin’s idea of Survival of the Fittest and applied it to race coming to the erroneous conclusion that some races (Europeans) are better than others.
White Man’s BurdenTake up the White Man’s Burden--Send forth the best ye breed--Go bind your sons to exileTo serve your captive’s need;To wait in heavy harness,On fluttered folk and wild--Your new-caught sullen peoples,Half-devil and half-child.
White Man’s BurdenTake up the White Man’s Burden--The savage wars of peace--Fill full the mouth of FamineAnd bid the sickness cease;And when your goal is nearestTe end for others sought,Watch Sloth and heathen FollyBring all your hopes to naught.
Rudyard Kilping, @1890’s
Christian MissionariesMissionaries wanted to “civilize” and “westernize” the peoples of Asia, Africa and the Pacific.Many tried in the process to end practices such as slavery and sati.
Resistance to Imperialism
Eleven major uprisings against colonial powers including:Samori Toure - Mandinkan kingdom in west Africa(French west Africa)Maji Maji uprising in German East Africa (Tanzania)Ethiopia (Menelik II and the Battle of Adowa 1896.)
Resistance to Imperialism
Defensive Modernization
In places such as Ethiopia, Siam and Japan, nations decided to modernize and emulate the west before they were taken over.
Resistance to Imperialism
“… The African is really helpless against the material goods of the white man, as embodied in the trinity of imperialism, capitalistic exploitation, and militarism.”
Edward Morel, a British journalist
Consequences of Imperialism
Loss of political autonomy (control)
Spread of disease
Exploitation of land, resources and people
Conversions of Christianity
Roots of modern day conflicts (Rwanda, Middle East, Vietnam…)
top related