14. Chondrichthyes and Teleosts - 202.pptpeople.uncw.edu/scharff/courses/202/pdfs/14. Chondrichthyes and... · Reproduction in Chondrichthyes. 5/18/2012 4 BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
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5/18/2012
1
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
About 1000 species
Unchanged in last 200 MY
Nearly all marine
Shark populations threatened
Vertebrates
Living Gnathostomes (jawed fishes)Cartilaginous fishes
(Class Chondrichthyes)
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
No bone (calcified cartilage)
Heterocercal tail
Paired pectoral and pelvic fins
Pelvic claspers in males
Placoid scales
Vertebrates
Living Gnathostomes (jawed fishes)Cartilaginous fishes
(Class Chondrichthyes)
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BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Exposed gill slits
No swim bladder
Retain high urea concentrations
Well-developed senses
Vertebrates
Living Gnathostomes (jawed fishes)Cartilaginous fishes
(Class Chondrichthyes)
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Mostly carnivores
Olfactory organs
Mechanoreception with lateral line
Good vision
Attacks fine-tuned with electroreceptors
Vertebrates
Feeding in Chondrichthyes
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BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Internal fertilization
Types of maternal investment:
1. Oviparity
2. Ovoviviparity
3. Viviparity
Intrauterine cannabalism “oophagy”
Vertebrates
Reproduction in Chondrichthyes
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BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Dorsoventrally flattened
Large, fused pectoral fins
Dorsal spiracles for water intake
Pavement-like crushing teeth
Skates lay eggs in leathery case “mermaid’s purse”
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Skeleton of bone (endochondral)
Presence of swim bladder or lungs
Gill cover = operculum
Two classes:1. Class Actinopterygii (ray-finned)
• Modern bony fishes (teleosts)
2. Class Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned)
Vertebrates
Living Gnathostomes (jawed fishes)
Bony fishes (Osteichthyes)
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
5/18/2012
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BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Teleost modifications:
Cycloid or Ctenoid scales
Homocercal tail
Fin morphology
Swim bladder
Jaw design
Vertebrates
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Types of scales
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BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Types of caudal fins
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Only 7 species; includes lungfish and coelacanth
Diphycercal tail
Muscular fins
Lungs and gills present
Lineage gave rise to tetrapods
Vertebrates
Lobe-finned fishes (Sarcopterygii)
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BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Migration• Diadromous fishes (anadromous vs.
catadromous)• Spawning migrations• Seasonal (temperature)
Respiration• Gill filaments with plates containing
blood vessels• Water flow opposite of blood flow
Reproduction• External fertilization and oviparity
in most• Large numbers of eggs• Larvae carry yolk sac
Vertebrates
Teleost Function
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
Atlantic wolffish
5/18/2012
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BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
BIO202 - 2012 Scharf
New world record largemouth bass caught recently in California
25.1 pounds
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