1 Production and use of S&T&I Statistics and Indicators in Republic of Macedonia State Statistical Office Ministry of Education and Science October 2008,

Production and use of Production and use of S&T&I Statistics and IndicatorsS&T&I Statistics and Indicators

in Republic of Macedonia in Republic of Macedonia

State Statistical OfficeState Statistical OfficeMinistry of Education and Ministry of Education and ScienceScience

October 2008, BelgradeOctober 2008, Belgrade

REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIAREPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

STATE STATISTICAL OFFICESTATE STATISTICAL OFFICE

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CONTENTCONTENT

Production of S&T&I Statistics and Production of S&T&I Statistics and IndicatorsIndicators

Some Science and Technology Some Science and Technology IndicatorsIndicators

Needs and ObstaclesNeeds and Obstacles

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INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN R&D POLICYR&D POLICY

Ministry of Education and ScienceMinistry of Education and Science Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ministry of EconomyMinistry of Economy Ministry of HealthMinistry of Health Ministry of EcologyMinistry of Ecology 4 States Universities and 4 States Universities and 13 S&T Institutes13 S&T Institutes R&D unit R&D unit within industrywithin industry

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Institutes involved in R&D Institutes involved in R&D policy:policy:

The Ministry of Education and Science (MES) is The Ministry of Education and Science (MES) is the government body responsible for R&D the government body responsible for R&D policy in the Republic of Macedoniapolicy in the Republic of Macedonia

The MES has the responsibility to organise, The MES has the responsibility to organise, finance, develop and promote science, finance, develop and promote science, technological development, as well as technological development, as well as international co-operation related to these international co-operation related to these issues. issues.

In this context MES is the most concern for In this context MES is the most concern for analysing and monitoring of the indicators for analysing and monitoring of the indicators for making adequate policy decisionsmaking adequate policy decisions

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Legal Framework:Legal Framework:

Law on Scientific and Research ActivityLaw on Scientific and Research Activity Law on Encouraging and Supporting the Law on Encouraging and Supporting the

Technological DevelopmentTechnological Development Law on Higher EducationLaw on Higher Education Law on Industrial and Intellectual Property Law on Industrial and Intellectual Property

ProtectionProtection Law for Macedonian Academy of Sciences Law for Macedonian Academy of Sciences

and Artsand Arts Law on State Statistics Law on State Statistics

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At the moment the analyze of these indicators on R&D is performed in the Ministry

The analyze on bibliometrics is made by National Library bibliotheca

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Production of S&T&I statistics:Production of S&T&I statistics:

State Statistical Office of the Republic of State Statistical Office of the Republic of Macedonia is responsible body for collecting, Macedonia is responsible body for collecting, processing and dissemination of S&T&I processing and dissemination of S&T&I statisticsstatistics

Sector for Social statistics-Department for Sector for Social statistics-Department for social services (crime and public statistics, social services (crime and public statistics, social protection, health statistics, education social protection, health statistics, education and science)and science)

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Two statistical surveysTwo statistical surveys

1.1.Statistical survey for scientific and Statistical survey for scientific and research - development activity - research - development activity - annual surveyannual survey

2. Innovation2. Innovation

( survey for reporting units ) – five-( survey for reporting units ) – five-year surveyyear survey

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HISTORYHISTORY

The survey for research and development The survey for research and development began in 1968began in 1968

From 1997 the methodology for conduction From 1997 the methodology for conduction of the scientific and research- development of the scientific and research- development activity survey is changed according to the activity survey is changed according to the Frascati manualFrascati manual

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HarmonizationHarmonization

Classifications are harmonized with Classifications are harmonized with international standards:international standards:

ISCED, ISCED, Classification of Scientific Fields-2001, Classification of Scientific Fields-2001,

according to UNESCO and OECD according to UNESCO and OECD methodology and CERIF), methodology and CERIF),

NACE that provide international NACE that provide international comparison of the datacomparison of the data

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R&D Personnel and Expenditure R&D Personnel and Expenditure are processed according to:are processed according to:

– Sector of performanceSector of performance– Type of employmentType of employment– GenderGender– AgeAge– Part timePart time– Full time Full time

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– FTEFTE– Professional attainmentProfessional attainment– Ethnic affiliationEthnic affiliation– Field of scienceField of science– ISICISIC– Personnel and expenditure by regionPersonnel and expenditure by region

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Response rateResponse rate

For 2006, the total received reports For 2006, the total received reports were 85.9 %. were 85.9 %.

Response rate is decreasing.Response rate is decreasing. The publication for 2007 is in the The publication for 2007 is in the

phase or preparation and will be phase or preparation and will be ready at the end of October 2008ready at the end of October 2008

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Users of R&D dataUsers of R&D data

Ministry of Education and ScienceMinistry of Education and Science OECDOECD EurostatEurostat UNESCOUNESCO OthersOthers

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Innovation statisticsInnovation statistics

The research is carried out in 2005The research is carried out in 2005 Methodological materials are Methodological materials are

obtained from Eurostat on our obtained from Eurostat on our requestrequest

The results were published in 2007. The results were published in 2007. The response rate is 64.4%The response rate is 64.4%

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R&D Intensity (%) of GDP by Sector of R&D Intensity (%) of GDP by Sector of PerformancePerformance

YearYear 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003 20042004 20052005 20062006

GERD (Gross Domestic GERD (Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D) / Expenditure on R&D) / GDPGDP

0.440.44 0.320.32 0.260.26 0.220.22 00.2500.25 0.240.24 0.210.21

BERD (Expenditure on BERD (Expenditure on R&D in the Business R&D in the Business Sector) / GDPSector) / GDP

0.030.03 0.020.02 0.010.01 0.0030.003 0.020.02 0.030.03 0.030.03

GOVERD (Government GOVERD (Government Intramural Expenditure Intramural Expenditure on R&D) / GDPon R&D) / GDP

0.150.15 0.160.16 0.150.15 0.140.14 0.120.12 0.110.11 0.100.10

HERD (Expenditure on HERD (Expenditure on R&D in the Higher R&D in the Higher Education Sector) / Education Sector) / GDPGDP

0.270.27 0.130.13 0.110.11 0.080.08 0.110.11 0.100.10 0.080.08

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GERD as % of GDP GERD as % of GDP (comparison by countries)(comparison by countries)

EU-15EU-15 EU-25EU-25 HRHR MKMK RORO TRTR

GERD/GDPGERD/GDP 1.191.19 1.851.85 1.221.22 0.210.21 0.390.39 0.660.66

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Structure of Gross Expenditure on R&D Structure of Gross Expenditure on R&D by sectors of performanceby sectors of performance

YearYear 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003 20042004 20052005 20062006

TotalTotal 100.0100.0 100.0100.0 100.0100.0 100.0100.0 100.0100.0 100.0100.0 100.0100.0

Business sectorBusiness sector 5.75.7 6.26.2 2.62.6 1.31.3 6.06.0 12.112.1 12.312.3

Government Government sectorsector

34.134.1 51.551.5 56.556.5 62.362.3 48.248.2 46.146.1 47.947.9

Higher educationHigher education 60.260.2 42.442.4 40.940.9 36.436.4 45.845.8 41.641.6 39.839.8

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R&D Personnel by sector of R&D Personnel by sector of performanceperformance

YearYear 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003 20042004 20052005 20062006

TotalTotal 30943094 29092909 28692869 25892589 25522552 26422642 23732373

Business Business sectorsector

241241 203203 100100 6767 136136 158158 7878

Government Government sectorsector

10441044 809809 820820 829829 754754 754754 671671

Higher Higher educationeducation

18091809 18971897 19491949 16931693 16621662 17301730 16241624

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FTE by sector of performanceFTE by sector of performance

Year Year 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003 20042004 20052005 20062006

TotalTotal 17861786 16301630 15191519 14641464 14471447 14351435 13571357

Business Business sectorsector

234234 205205 100100 6868 128128 130130 7272

Government Government sectorsector

862862 734734 759759 771771 697697 675675 651651

Higher Higher educationeducation

690690 691691 660660 626626 622622 630630 634634

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FTE/Labor ForceFTE/Labor Force

YearYear 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003 20042004 20052005 20062006

TotalTotal 30943094 29092909 28692869 25892589 25522552 26422642 23732373

FTEFTE 17861786 16301630 15191519 14641464 14471447 14351435 13571357

FTE / FTE / 1000 1000 Labor Labor ForceForce

2.22.2 1.91.9 1.81.8 1.71.7 1.71.7 1.71.7 1.51.5

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ObstaclesObstacles Science and technology are still a low Science and technology are still a low

priority in national systempriority in national system Our academic and scientific community do Our academic and scientific community do

not pay enough attention for these not pay enough attention for these indicators although there are several public indicators although there are several public institutes funded by the state to conduct institutes funded by the state to conduct such analyzessuch analyzes

Even at the governmental level there is not Even at the governmental level there is not enough awareness for the importance of enough awareness for the importance of these indicatorsthese indicators

In general there is a lack of interest for In general there is a lack of interest for S&T&I Statistics and Indicators.S&T&I Statistics and Indicators.

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ObstaclesObstaclesIn the sphere of production of In the sphere of production of statistics:statistics:

Statistical office is understaffed in this Statistical office is understaffed in this area, only one person is responsible area, only one person is responsible for the surveyfor the survey

Missing of data for some key Missing of data for some key institutions, that reflects to the quality institutions, that reflects to the quality of the data (especially in Business of the data (especially in Business Sector and Natural Sciences)Sector and Natural Sciences)

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NeedsNeeds Increasing the awareness for the importance of Increasing the awareness for the importance of

S&T&I Indicators, especially at Government S&T&I Indicators, especially at Government levellevel

More intensive collaboration between the More intensive collaboration between the stakeholders (Government, MES, SSO and stakeholders (Government, MES, SSO and responding units, especially cooperation with responding units, especially cooperation with R&D unit in Business sector)R&D unit in Business sector)

Improvement of internal capabilities for Improvement of internal capabilities for production of S&T&I statistics, the quality of the production of S&T&I statistics, the quality of the R&D data, increase of coverage of the survey, R&D data, increase of coverage of the survey, training of staff – in SSO for analyzing the data training of staff – in SSO for analyzing the data and in MES for using of the bibliometrics dataand in MES for using of the bibliometrics data

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Webpages:Webpages:

www.mon.gov.mk - (Ministry of Education and Science)- (Ministry of Education and Science)

www.stat.gov.mk - (State Statistical Office)- (State Statistical Office)

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