Tourism Planning and Sustainable Development by M.L Ntuli
Planning Defined
Multidimensional activity and seeks to be integrative. It embraces social, economic, political, psychological, anthropological and technological factors. It is concerned with past present and future.
Tourism Development Strategy
Tourism planners
Economic Benefits of Travel and Tourism
Goals of Tourism Planning and Development
Tourism Planning Scales
Site planning
Individual property development for hotels, restaurants, resorts and attractions.
Employs professionals to plan and design properties.
Destination scale
Also known as “Community Attraction complex” and Destination Zone
Basic elements of planning a destination scale includes:
Transportation or accessibility
Adequate public utilities and management
Attraction Complexes
Links with cities and attractions
Regional Scale
More comprehensive than site and destination
Many resource areas covered
Greater number of involved political jurisdiction
Time period is longer
The better each site and destination relates to others the better chances of regional scale success
Objectives of Tourism Planning
The creation of a mechanism for the structured provision of facilities over quite large geographic areas.
The coordination of the fragmented nature of tourism (particularly relation to accommodation, transport, marketing and human resources).
Objectives of Tourism Planning
Certain interventions to conserve resources and maximize benefits to the local community in an attempt to achieve sustainability (usually through a tourism development or management plan).
The redistribution of tourism benefits (the development of new tourism sites or the economic realignment of places that tourists have begun to leave).
Tourism System
Demand (1)
Demand (2)
Supply
Attractions (1)
Entice, lure and stimulate interest in travel.
Provide Visitor Attractions
Definition: Developed locations that are planed and managed for visitor interest, activity and enjoyment
Classification:
Ownership
Resource
Touring/long stay
Attractions (2)
Service: Types of ownerships
Service
Location and service are influenced by both the local and foreign markets.
Tourism Business depend on urban infrastructure
Business gain from clustering
Fragile environment should be avoided
Services depends on the attractions.
Entrepreneurship is critical to tour planning
Transportation
Provides linkage between market source and destination.
Modes of travel should be planned so as not to spoil the trip.
Transportation is more than engineering
Highways require greater sensitivity to the environment
Pedestrianism
Information (1)
Difference between information and promotion:
Promotion attracts people
Information describes the destination
MapsGuidebooksBrochuresWebsites
Information (1)
Planning includes knowledge on:
Weather conditions
Physical demands
Customs
Social contact
Host privacy
Food
Etiquette
Religious Beliefs
Information (2)
Planning includes knowledge on:
History
Politics
Communication
Facilities, services
Health
Promotion
4 activities of promotion:
Advertising (paid)
Publicity (unpaid)
Public relations
Incentives (gifts and discounts)
Issue on misleading and unproductive promotion must be replaced by new ethical standards for better quality experiences.
External factors that influence the supply side of tourism (1)
1.Natural resources
Tourism development related to natural resources:
Water Topography Vegetation Wildlife Climate
External factors that influence the supply side of tourism (2)
2.Cultural resources:
Tourism development related to cultural resources:
Prehistory, archeology History Ethnicity, Lore, Education Industry, Trade and
Professionalism Entertainment, health,
Religious and sports
External factors that influence the supply side of tourism (3)
3.Entrepreneurship
Needs entrepreneurs who visualized new developments and creative ways of management
4.Finance- Capital Requirement
5.Labor
6.Competition
7.Community- attitude of the area towards tourism
8.Government polices- loosely or rigid?
9.Organization leadership
references
Mrs M. Coroea
M.L Ntuli
http://www.slideshare.tourismplaningandpolicy.com
