The Future of The Future of Integrated Library Integrated Library Systems: Systems:
Moving toward new Moving toward new models and open systemsmodels and open systems
Marshall BreedingMarshall BreedingDirector for Innovative Technologies and ResearchDirector for Innovative Technologies and ResearchVanderbilt UniversityVanderbilt Universityhttp://staffweb.library.vanderbilt.edu/breedinghttp://www.librarytechnology.org/
Massachusetts Library AssociationPre-Conference:The Future of the ILSTuesday, May 6 9:30 – 10:30am
AbstractAbstract
•Libraries demand choice. No matter which ILS (Integrated Library System) a library uses, the future is changing rapidly and libraries are facing difficult choices. This presentation will provide a review of the business and industry trends affecting ILSs as well as forecast what emerging technologies in the next generation ILS will bring to libraries.
Current Status of the Current Status of the Library Automation Library Automation Industry Industry
Technology LandscapeTechnology Landscape
• Most ILS products from commercial Most ILS products from commercial vendors maturevendors mature– None less than a decade oldNone less than a decade old– Approaching end of life cycle?Approaching end of life cycle?
• Evolved systemsEvolved systems
• No success in launching new systems in No success in launching new systems in the commercial spherethe commercial sphere– Horizon 8.0Horizon 8.0– TaosTaos
Current VintageCurrent Vintage
• ALEPH 500ALEPH 500 19961996• Voyager Voyager 19951995• UnicornUnicorn 19821982• PolarisPolaris 19971997• VirtuaVirtua 19951995• KohaKoha 19991999• Library.SolutionLibrary.Solution 19971997• EvergreenEvergreen 20042004• TalisTalis 19921992
Business LandscapeBusiness Landscape• Library Journal Automated System Marketplace:Library Journal Automated System Marketplace:
– Opportunities Emerge in the midst of Turmoil (2008)Opportunities Emerge in the midst of Turmoil (2008)– An Industry redefined (2007)An Industry redefined (2007)– Reshuffling the Deck (2006)Reshuffling the Deck (2006)
• An increasingly consolidated industryAn increasingly consolidated industry• Moving out of a previous phase of fragmentation where many Moving out of a previous phase of fragmentation where many
companies expend energies producing decreasingly companies expend energies producing decreasingly differentiated systems in a limited marketplacedifferentiated systems in a limited marketplace
• Private Equity playing a stronger role then ever before; VCs exitPrivate Equity playing a stronger role then ever before; VCs exit• Narrowing of product options Narrowing of product options • Increasing dissatisfaction with purely commercial, closed source Increasing dissatisfaction with purely commercial, closed source
optionsoptions• Open Source opportunities rise to challenge the grip of Open Source opportunities rise to challenge the grip of
traditional commercial modeltraditional commercial model
Library Automation History Library Automation History
Industry Health 2008Industry Health 2008
• Overall industry showing some growth; individual Overall industry showing some growth; individual companies more profitable then ever.companies more profitable then ever.
• Mixed company growth according to personnel Mixed company growth according to personnel counts:counts:– Ex Libris +6%Ex Libris +6%– Innovative + 5%Innovative + 5%– Library Corporation -10%Library Corporation -10%– SirsiDynix -28%SirsiDynix -28%
• ILS sales represent smaller portion of revenueILS sales represent smaller portion of revenue• Many smaller libraries purchasing automation Many smaller libraries purchasing automation
systemssystems• Very few large library ILS procurementsVery few large library ILS procurements
Other Business Other Business ObservationsObservations• Creative tension aboundsCreative tension abounds• Level of innovation falls below expectations, Level of innovation falls below expectations,
despite deep resources and large development despite deep resources and large development teams.teams.
• Companies struggle to keep up with ILS Companies struggle to keep up with ILS enhancements and R&D for new innovations.enhancements and R&D for new innovations.
• Pressure from investors/owners to reduce costs, Pressure from investors/owners to reduce costs, increase revenue increase revenue
• Pressure from library customers for more Pressure from library customers for more innovative productsinnovative products
• Some companies investing in technology; Some companies investing in technology; expanding marketsexpanding markets
ILS Migration TrendsILS Migration Trends
• Few voluntary lateral migrationsFew voluntary lateral migrations
• Forced MigrationsForced Migrations– Vendor abandonmentVendor abandonment– Need to move from legacy systemsNeed to move from legacy systems– Exit from bad marriages with vendorsExit from bad marriages with vendors– Exit from bad marriages with consortiaExit from bad marriages with consortia
Role of the ILS in Library Role of the ILS in Library Automation StrategiesAutomation Strategies• It’s never been harder for libraries to It’s never been harder for libraries to
justify investments in ILSjustify investments in ILS
• Need for products focused on Need for products focused on electronic content and user experienceelectronic content and user experience– Next-gen interfacesNext-gen interfaces– Federated searchFederated search– LinkingLinking– Electronic Resource ManagementElectronic Resource Management
A new direction in library A new direction in library automationautomation
• A successful pitch for new automation A successful pitch for new automation software is one that enables significant software is one that enables significant transformation toward a new vision of the transformation toward a new vision of the library.library.
•Can’t keep doing the same thing in the Can’t keep doing the same thing in the same waysame way
•Back-end systems make only a Back-end systems make only a moderate impact on customer service moderate impact on customer service deliverydelivery
An age of less integrated An age of less integrated systemssystems
• Increasingly dis-integrated Increasingly dis-integrated environmentenvironment
• Core ILS supplemented by:Core ILS supplemented by:– OpenURL Link ResolversOpenURL Link Resolvers– Metasearch / Federated SearchMetasearch / Federated Search– Electronic Resource ManagementElectronic Resource Management– Next Generation Library InterfacesNext Generation Library Interfaces– RFID / AMHRFID / AMH
No longer an ILS-centric No longer an ILS-centric industryindustry• Portion of revenues derived from core ILS products Portion of revenues derived from core ILS products
diminishing relative to other library tech productsdiminishing relative to other library tech products• Many companies and organizations that don’t offer Many companies and organizations that don’t offer
an ILS are involved in library automationan ILS are involved in library automation::– Cambridge Information GroupCambridge Information Group
• ProQuestProQuest– Serials SolutionsSerials Solutions– WebFeatWebFeat
• BowkerBowker– Syndetic SolutionsSyndetic Solutions– AquaBrowserAquaBrowser
• MuseMuse GlobalGlobal
OCLC in the Automation OCLC in the Automation IndustryIndustry• Initial foray into next-gen interface arena: WorldCat Initial foray into next-gen interface arena: WorldCat
LocalLocal• Technology acquisitions:Technology acquisitions:
– OCLC Pica purchased Sisis on July 1, 2005 for $4,504,700OCLC Pica purchased Sisis on July 1, 2005 for $4,504,700– OCLC Pica purchased FDI on Nov 2, 2005 for $8,913,100OCLC Pica purchased FDI on Nov 2, 2005 for $8,913,100– OCLC purchased Openly Informatics for $1,950,000OCLC purchased Openly Informatics for $1,950,000– OCLC purchased DiMeMa on Aug 14, 2006 for $3,916,200OCLC purchased DiMeMa on Aug 14, 2006 for $3,916,200– EZproxy acquired in Jan 2008EZproxy acquired in Jan 2008
• Library automation services at the network levelLibrary automation services at the network level– Not an ILS?Not an ILS?– An “ILS killer”?An “ILS killer”?
Open Source AlternativesOpen Source Alternatives
• Explosive interest in Open Source driven by Explosive interest in Open Source driven by disillusionment with current vendorsdisillusionment with current vendors
• Beginning to emerge as a practical optionBeginning to emerge as a practical option
• TOC (Total Cost of Ownership) still roughly equal TOC (Total Cost of Ownership) still roughly equal to proprietary commercial modelto proprietary commercial model
• Open Source still a risky AlternativeOpen Source still a risky Alternative
• Commercial/Proprietary options also a riskCommercial/Proprietary options also a risk– ““The SirsiDynix announcement changed the landscape The SirsiDynix announcement changed the landscape
of the ILS marketplace; the traditional ILS market is no of the ILS marketplace; the traditional ILS market is no longer a haven for the risk adverse.” longer a haven for the risk adverse.” (http://pines.bclibrary.ca/resources/talking-points)(http://pines.bclibrary.ca/resources/talking-points)
Open Source InitiativesOpen Source Initiatives
• Multiple projects to develop Open Source ILSMultiple projects to develop Open Source ILS– Koha ZoomKoha Zoom– EvergreenEvergreen– OPALS-NA (K-12 Schools)OPALS-NA (K-12 Schools)– Delft Libraries Delft Libraries
• Multiple projects to develop Open Source Multiple projects to develop Open Source Next-gen CatalogsNext-gen Catalogs– VU Find (Villanova University)VU Find (Villanova University)– C4 prototype (University of Rochester River C4 prototype (University of Rochester River
Campus Libraries)Campus Libraries)
Andrew W. Mellon Andrew W. Mellon FoundationFoundation
• Soliciting a proposal for the design of Soliciting a proposal for the design of an Open Source ILS for higher an Open Source ILS for higher educationeducation
• Led by Duke UniversityLed by Duke University– Early stages. Proposal in developmentEarly stages. Proposal in development
• First and Second stage funding for First and Second stage funding for eXtensible CatalogeXtensible Catalog
Market share / PerspectiveMarket share / Perspective
• Open Source ILS implementations still a very Open Source ILS implementations still a very small percentage of the total picturesmall percentage of the total picture
• Initial set of successful implementations will Initial set of successful implementations will likely serve as a catalyst to pave the way for likely serve as a catalyst to pave the way for othersothers
• Successful implementations in wider range of Successful implementations in wider range of libraries:libraries:– State-wide consortium (Evergreen)State-wide consortium (Evergreen)– Multi-site public library systems (Koha)Multi-site public library systems (Koha)– School district consortia (OPALS-NA)School district consortia (OPALS-NA)
Open Source CompaniesOpen Source Companies
• Index DataIndex Data– Founded 1994; No ILS; A variety of other open source products to Founded 1994; No ILS; A variety of other open source products to
support libraries: search engines, federated search, Z39.50 toolkit, support libraries: search engines, federated search, Z39.50 toolkit, etcetc
• LibLimeLibLime– Founded 2005. Provides development and support services for Founded 2005. Provides development and support services for
Koha ILS. Acquired original developers of Koha in Feb 2007.Koha ILS. Acquired original developers of Koha in Feb 2007.• Marc Roberson – VP Library PartnersMarc Roberson – VP Library Partners• John Rose – VP Strategic marketsJohn Rose – VP Strategic markets• Debra Denault -- Operations ManagerDebra Denault -- Operations Manager
• Equinox. Equinox. – Founded Feb 2007; staff formerly associated with GPLS Pines Founded Feb 2007; staff formerly associated with GPLS Pines
development teamdevelopment team
• Care AffiliatesCare Affiliates– Founded June 2007; headed by industry veteran Carl Grant.Founded June 2007; headed by industry veteran Carl Grant.
Impact of Open SourceImpact of Open Source
• Formidable competition to commercial Formidable competition to commercial closed-source productsclosed-source products– Alternative to the traditional software licensing Alternative to the traditional software licensing
modelsmodels
• Pressure to increase innovationPressure to increase innovation
• Pressure to decrease costsPressure to decrease costs
• Pressure to make commercial systems Pressure to make commercial systems more openmore open
• Disrupts the status quoDisrupts the status quo
Open source ILS Open source ILS BenchmarksBenchmarks• Most decisions to adopt Open Source ILS based on Most decisions to adopt Open Source ILS based on
philosophical preferencesphilosophical preferences• Open Source ILS will enter the main stream once its Open Source ILS will enter the main stream once its
products begin to win through objective procurement products begin to win through objective procurement processesprocesses– Hold open source ILS to the same standards as the Hold open source ILS to the same standards as the
commercial productscommercial products– Hold the open source ILS companies to the same standards:Hold the open source ILS companies to the same standards:
• Adequate customer support ratios, financial stability, service level Adequate customer support ratios, financial stability, service level agreements, etc.agreements, etc.
• Well-documented total cost of ownership statements Well-documented total cost of ownership statements that can be compared to other vendor price quotesthat can be compared to other vendor price quotes
• Do the Open Source ILS products offer a new vision?Do the Open Source ILS products offer a new vision?
New Generation of Library New Generation of Library InterfacesInterfaces
Working toward a new Working toward a new generation of library interfacesgeneration of library interfaces
• Redefinition of the “library catalog”Redefinition of the “library catalog”
• Traditional notions of the library Traditional notions of the library catalog are being questionedcatalog are being questioned
• Better information delivery toolsBetter information delivery tools
• More powerful search capabilitiesMore powerful search capabilities
• More elegant presentationMore elegant presentation
Redefinition of library Redefinition of library catalogscatalogs• More comprehensive information discovery More comprehensive information discovery
environmentsenvironments• It’s no longer enough to provide a catalog limited It’s no longer enough to provide a catalog limited
to the traditional library inventoryto the traditional library inventory• Digital resources cannot be an afterthoughtDigital resources cannot be an afterthought• Forcing users to use different interfaces Forcing users to use different interfaces
depending on type of content becoming less depending on type of content becoming less tenabletenable
• Libraries working toward consolidated search Libraries working toward consolidated search environments that give equal footing to digital environments that give equal footing to digital and print resourcesand print resources
Comprehensive Search Comprehensive Search ServiceService
• More like OAIMore like OAI– Open Archives InitiativeOpen Archives Initiative– Consolidated search services based on Consolidated search services based on
metadata and data gathered in advancemetadata and data gathered in advance
• Problems of scale diminishedProblems of scale diminished
• Problems of cooperation persistProblems of cooperation persist
• Eg: Royal Library of Denmark Eg: Royal Library of Denmark
Web 2.0 FlavoringsWeb 2.0 Flavorings
• A more social and collaborative A more social and collaborative approachapproach
• Web Tools and technology that foster Web Tools and technology that foster collaborationcollaboration
• Tagging, social bookmarking, user Tagging, social bookmarking, user rating, user reviews, community rating, user reviews, community interactioninteraction
The holy grail of New Gen The holy grail of New Gen Library InterfacesLibrary Interfaces
• A single point of entry into all the A single point of entry into all the content and services offered by the content and services offered by the librarylibrary
• Print + ElectronicPrint + Electronic
• Local + RemoteLocal + Remote
• Locally created ContentLocally created Content
Interface expectationsInterface expectations
• Millennial generation library users are well Millennial generation library users are well acclimated to the Webacclimated to the Web
• Used to relevancy rankingUsed to relevancy ranking– The “good stuff” should be listed firstThe “good stuff” should be listed first– Users tend not to delve deep into a result listUsers tend not to delve deep into a result list– Good relevancy requires a sophisticated approach, Good relevancy requires a sophisticated approach,
including objective matching criteria supplemented by including objective matching criteria supplemented by popularity and relatedness factors.popularity and relatedness factors.
• ““Did you mean?” and other features to avoid “No Did you mean?” and other features to avoid “No results found”results found”
• More like this / related contentMore like this / related content
Interface expectations Interface expectations (cont…)(cont…)• Very rapid response. Users have a low tolerance for Very rapid response. Users have a low tolerance for
slow systemsslow systems• Rich visual information: book jacket images, rating Rich visual information: book jacket images, rating
scores, etc.scores, etc.• Let users drill down through the result set Let users drill down through the result set
incrementally narrowing the fieldincrementally narrowing the field• Faceted BrowsingFaceted Browsing
– Drill-down vs up-front Boolean or “Advanced Search”Drill-down vs up-front Boolean or “Advanced Search”– gives the users clues about the number of hits in each sub gives the users clues about the number of hits in each sub
topictopic– Ability to explore collections without Ability to explore collections without a prioria priori knowledge knowledge
• Navigational Bread crumbs Navigational Bread crumbs
Deep searchDeep search
• Increasing opportunities to search the full Increasing opportunities to search the full contentscontents– Google Library Print, Google Publisher, Open Google Library Print, Google Publisher, Open
Content Alliance, Microsoft Live Book Search, etc.Content Alliance, Microsoft Live Book Search, etc.– High-quality metadata will improve search High-quality metadata will improve search
precisionprecision• Commercial search providers already offer Commercial search providers already offer
“search inside the book”“search inside the book”• No comprehensive full text search for books No comprehensive full text search for books
quite yetquite yet• Not currently available through library search Not currently available through library search
environmentsenvironments
Beyond DiscoveryBeyond Discovery
• Fulfillment orientedFulfillment oriented
• Search -> select -> viewSearch -> select -> view
• Delivery/Fulfillment much harder Delivery/Fulfillment much harder than discoverythan discovery
• Back-end complexity should be as Back-end complexity should be as seamless as possible to the userseamless as possible to the user
Library-specific FeaturesLibrary-specific Features
• Appropriate relevance factorsAppropriate relevance factors– Objective keyword ranking + Library Objective keyword ranking + Library
weightingsweightings– Circulation frequency, OCLC holdings, Circulation frequency, OCLC holdings,
scholarly contentscholarly content
• Results grouping (FRBR)Results grouping (FRBR)
• Collection focused (vs sales-driven)Collection focused (vs sales-driven)
Enterprise IntegrationEnterprise Integration
• Ability to deliver content and Ability to deliver content and services through non-library services through non-library applicationsapplications
• Campus portal solutionsCampus portal solutions
• CoursewareCourseware
• Social networking environmentsSocial networking environments
• Search portals / Feed aggregators Search portals / Feed aggregators
Smart and SophisticatedSmart and Sophisticated
• Much more difficult than old gen Much more difficult than old gen OPACSOPACS
• Not a dumbed-down approachNot a dumbed-down approach
• Wed library specific requirements Wed library specific requirements and expectations with e-commerce and expectations with e-commerce technologiestechnologies
Architecture and StandardsArchitecture and Standards
• Need to have an standard approach Need to have an standard approach for connecting new generation for connecting new generation interfaces with ILS and other interfaces with ILS and other repositoriesrepositories
• Proprietary and Proprietary and ad hocad hoc methods methods currently prevailcurrently prevail
• Digital Library FederationDigital Library Federation– ILS-Discovery Interface Group ILS-Discovery Interface Group
New-Gen Library New-Gen Library InterfacesInterfaces
Current Commercial and Open Current Commercial and Open Source ProductsSource Products
Endeca Guided NavigationEndeca Guided Navigation
• North Carolina State UniversityNorth Carolina State Universityhttp://www.lib.ncsu.edu/catalog/http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/catalog/
• McMaster UniversityMcMaster Universityhttp://libcat.mcmaster.ca/http://libcat.mcmaster.ca/
• Phoenix Public LibraryPhoenix Public Libraryhttp://www.phoenixpubliclibrary.org/http://www.phoenixpubliclibrary.org/
• Florida Center for Library AutomationFlorida Center for Library Automationhttp://catalog.fcla.edu/ux.jsphttp://catalog.fcla.edu/ux.jsp
AquaBrowser LibraryAquaBrowser Library
• Queens Borough Public LibraryQueens Borough Public Library– http://aqua.queenslibrary.org/http://aqua.queenslibrary.org/
• Oklahoma State UniversityOklahoma State University– http://boss.library.okstate.edu/http://boss.library.okstate.edu/
• University of ChicagoUniversity of Chicago– http://lens.lib.uchicago.edu/http://lens.lib.uchicago.edu/
Ex Libris PrimoEx Libris Primo
• Discovery and Delivery platform for Discovery and Delivery platform for academic librariesacademic libraries
• Vanderbilt UniversityVanderbilt Universityhttp://alphasearch.library.vanderbilt.eduhttp://alphasearch.library.vanderbilt.edu
• University of Minnesota University of Minnesota http://prime2.oit.umn.edu:1701/primo_library/http://prime2.oit.umn.edu:1701/primo_library/
libweb/action/search.do?vid=TWINCITIESlibweb/action/search.do?vid=TWINCITIES
• University of IowaUniversity of Iowahttp://smartsearch.uiowa.edu/http://smartsearch.uiowa.edu/
Encore from Innovative Encore from Innovative InterfacesInterfaces• Designed for academic, public and special Designed for academic, public and special
librarieslibraries• Nashville Public LibraryNashville Public Library
http://nplencore.library.nashville.org/iii/encore/apphttp://nplencore.library.nashville.org/iii/encore/app
• Scottsdale Public LibraryScottsdale Public Libraryhttp://encore.scottsdaleaz.gov/iii/encore/apphttp://encore.scottsdaleaz.gov/iii/encore/app
• Yale University Lillian Goldman Law Yale University Lillian Goldman Law LibraryLibraryhttp://encore.law.yale.edu/iii/encore/apphttp://encore.law.yale.edu/iii/encore/app
OCLC Worldcat LocalOCLC Worldcat Local
• OCLC Worldcat customized for local OCLC Worldcat customized for local library cataloglibrary catalog– Relies on hooks into ILS for local servicesRelies on hooks into ILS for local services– Tied to library holdings set in WorldCatTied to library holdings set in WorldCat
• University of Washington LibrariesUniversity of Washington Librarieshttp://uwashington.worldcat.org/http://uwashington.worldcat.org/
• University of California Melvyl CatalogUniversity of California Melvyl Catalog
SirsiDynixSirsiDynix
• Recently announced their next generation Recently announced their next generation discovery environment named Enterprisediscovery environment named Enterprise– Relies on Globalbrain technology from Relies on Globalbrain technology from
BrainwareBrainware
• Many legacy interfacesMany legacy interfaces– Enterprise Portal SolutionEnterprise Portal Solution– Rooms / SchoolRoomsRooms / SchoolRooms– iLink / iBistro (legacy)iLink / iBistro (legacy)
• Product based on FAST announced in Product based on FAST announced in March 2006 – withdrawnMarch 2006 – withdrawn
VUFind – Villanova VUFind – Villanova UniversityUniversity
Based on Apache Solr search Based on Apache Solr search toolkittoolkit
http://www.vufind.org/http://www.vufind.org/
Library-developed solutionsLibrary-developed solutions
• eXtensible CatalogeXtensible Catalog
• University of Rochester – River University of Rochester – River Campus LibrariesCampus Libraries
• Financial support from the Andrew Financial support from the Andrew W. Mellon FoundationW. Mellon Foundation
• http://www.extensiblecatalog.info/http://www.extensiblecatalog.info/
The Next Generation of The Next Generation of Library AutomationLibrary Automation
Working toward a new ILS Working toward a new ILS VisionVision
• How libraries work has changed dramatically How libraries work has changed dramatically over the last 20 years.over the last 20 years.
• ILS built largely on workflows cast more than 25 ILS built largely on workflows cast more than 25 years agoyears ago
• Based on assumptions that have long since Based on assumptions that have long since changedchanged
• Digital resources represent at least half of most Digital resources represent at least half of most academic libraries collection budgetsacademic libraries collection budgets
• The automation needs of libraries today is The automation needs of libraries today is broader than that provided by the legacy ILSbroader than that provided by the legacy ILS
Libraries ready for a new Libraries ready for a new coursecourse
• Level of dissatisfaction with the current slate of Level of dissatisfaction with the current slate of ILS products is very high.ILS products is very high.
• Large monolithic systems are unwieldy—very Large monolithic systems are unwieldy—very complex to install, administer and maintain.complex to install, administer and maintain.
• Continue to be large gaps in functionalityContinue to be large gaps in functionality– Interlibrary loanInterlibrary loan– Collection developmentCollection development– Preservation: print / digitalPreservation: print / digital– Book bindingBook binding– Remote storage operationsRemote storage operations
Less Proprietary / More OpenLess Proprietary / More Open
• Libraries demand more opennessLibraries demand more openness• Open source movement greatest challenge Open source movement greatest challenge
to current slate of commercial ILS productsto current slate of commercial ILS products• Demand for open access to dataDemand for open access to data
– API’s essentialAPI’s essential– Beyond proprietary APIsBeyond proprietary APIs– Ideal: Industry-standard set of API’s Ideal: Industry-standard set of API’s
implemented by all systemsimplemented by all systems– Current DLF initiative to define API for an ILS for Current DLF initiative to define API for an ILS for
decoupled catalogsdecoupled catalogs
Open but Commercial?Open but Commercial?
• As library values evolve toward open As library values evolve toward open solutions, commercial companies will see solutions, commercial companies will see increasing advantages in adopting more increasing advantages in adopting more open strategiesopen strategies
• Open DataOpen Data– Well documented database schemasWell documented database schemas– APIs for access to all system functionalityAPIs for access to all system functionality
• More customizability; better integrationMore customizability; better integration• Open Source Software?Open Source Software?• Key differentiation lies in service and supportKey differentiation lies in service and support
Comprehensive automationComprehensive automation
• Need the ability to automation all aspects Need the ability to automation all aspects of library workof library work
• Suite of interoperable modulesSuite of interoperable modules
• Single point of management for each Single point of management for each category of informationcategory of information
• Not necessarily through a single Not necessarily through a single monolithic systemmonolithic system
More lightweight approachMore lightweight approach
• More elegant and efficientMore elegant and efficient
• Easier to install and administerEasier to install and administer
• Automation systems that can be operated Automation systems that can be operated with fewer number of technical staffwith fewer number of technical staff
Redefining the bordersRedefining the borders
• Many artificial distinctions prevail in the legacy Many artificial distinctions prevail in the legacy ILS modelILS model
• Online catalog / library portal / institutional portalOnline catalog / library portal / institutional portal• Circulation / ILL / Direct consortial borrowing / Circulation / ILL / Direct consortial borrowing /
remote storageremote storage• Collection Development / Acquisitions / budget Collection Development / Acquisitions / budget
administrationadministration• Library acquisitions / Institutional ERPLibrary acquisitions / Institutional ERP
• Cataloging / Metadata document ingestion for Cataloging / Metadata document ingestion for digital collectionsdigital collections
• Digital / Print workflowsDigital / Print workflows
Separation of front-end from Separation of front-end from back-end back-end
• ILS OPAC not necessarily best library ILS OPAC not necessarily best library interfaceinterface
• Many efforts already underway to offer Many efforts already underway to offer alternativesalternatives
• Too many of the resources that belong in Too many of the resources that belong in the interface are out of the ILS scopethe interface are out of the ILS scope
• Technology cycles faster for front-end than Technology cycles faster for front-end than for back-end processes.for back-end processes.
Service-oriented ArchitectureService-oriented Architecture
• Work toward a service-oriented business Work toward a service-oriented business applicationapplication
• Suite of light-weight applicationsSuite of light-weight applications
• Flexibility to evolve in step with changes in Flexibility to evolve in step with changes in library services and practiceslibrary services and practices
Enterprise interoperabilityEnterprise interoperability
• Interoperate with non-library Interoperate with non-library applicationsapplications
• Course managementCourse management
• Accounting, finance, ERM Accounting, finance, ERM applicationsapplications
• External authentication servicesExternal authentication services
• Other portal implementationsOther portal implementations
Massively consolidated Massively consolidated implementationsimplementations
• State/Province-wide ILS State/Province-wide ILS implementationsimplementations
• Increased reliance on consortiaIncreased reliance on consortia
• Increased Software as a Service / ASP Increased Software as a Service / ASP options hosted by vendorsoptions hosted by vendors
• Radical simplification of library Radical simplification of library policies affecting services offered to policies affecting services offered to patronspatrons
Fitting into the Global Fitting into the Global EnterpriseEnterprise• Leverage capabilities of search engines: Leverage capabilities of search engines:
– Google, Google Scholar, Microsoft Live, Ask, Google, Google Scholar, Microsoft Live, Ask, etcetc
• OCLC WorldCatOCLC WorldCat
• Sort out the relationships between the Sort out the relationships between the global enterprise and local systemsglobal enterprise and local systems
• Leverage the content in enterprise Leverage the content in enterprise discovery systems to drive users toward discovery systems to drive users toward library resourceslibrary resources
Revise assumptions regarding Revise assumptions regarding MetadataMetadata• Reliance on MARC widely questionedReliance on MARC widely questioned• XML widely deployedXML widely deployed• The next-gen ILS must natively support many The next-gen ILS must natively support many
flavors of metadata: MARC, Dublin Core, Onix, flavors of metadata: MARC, Dublin Core, Onix, METS, etcMETS, etc
• Library of Congress Subject Headings vs FASTLibrary of Congress Subject Headings vs FAST• Approaching a post-metadata where discovery Approaching a post-metadata where discovery
systems operate on actual digital objects systems operate on actual digital objects themselves, not metadata about themthemselves, not metadata about them– High-quality metadata will always improve discoveryHigh-quality metadata will always improve discovery
• Incorporate content from mass digitization effortsIncorporate content from mass digitization efforts• Increasing proportions of rich media content: Increasing proportions of rich media content:
audio, videoaudio, video
Competing in an crowded field Competing in an crowded field of information providersof information providers
• Commercial Web destinations increasingly Commercial Web destinations increasingly overlap with services offered by librariesoverlap with services offered by libraries
• Expectations of users set by their Expectations of users set by their experiences with commercial destinationsexperiences with commercial destinations
• Web-based library services need to be on Web-based library services need to be on the same levelthe same level
• Pressure to revamp library interfaces, Pressure to revamp library interfaces, discovery, and delivery toolsdiscovery, and delivery tools
New models of Software New models of Software DevelopmentDevelopment
• Role of commercial partners Role of commercial partners – Break out of marketing / consumer modelBreak out of marketing / consumer model– Substantial dialog that shapes the Substantial dialog that shapes the
direction of product developmentdirection of product development
• Increased partnershipsIncreased partnerships
• Accelerated development cyclesAccelerated development cycles
• Cost-effective / realistic cost Cost-effective / realistic cost expectationsexpectations
Evolution vs RevolutionEvolution vs Revolution
• What we have today is a result of 35 years What we have today is a result of 35 years of evolutionof evolution
• Is it possible to break free of the constraints Is it possible to break free of the constraints of these evolved systems toward a new of these evolved systems toward a new generation that will offer a fresh approach?generation that will offer a fresh approach?
• Are libraries now willing to let go of the of Are libraries now willing to let go of the of ILS legacy of times past and move forward ILS legacy of times past and move forward with library automation cast in a new with library automation cast in a new mould.mould.
A unique opportunityA unique opportunity
• Web 2.0 has invigorated libraries toward Web 2.0 has invigorated libraries toward more open and collaborative strategiesmore open and collaborative strategies
• Service Oriented Architecture provides a Service Oriented Architecture provides a platform for assembling library systems more platform for assembling library systems more in tune with the needs of today’s librariesin tune with the needs of today’s libraries
• Intense interest by both libraries and vendors Intense interest by both libraries and vendors to catch up and move forward in delivering to catch up and move forward in delivering library interfaces that work better for today’s library interfaces that work better for today’s Web-savvy usersWeb-savvy users
Questions / CommentsQuestions / Comments
