YOU ARE DOWNLOADING DOCUMENT

Please tick the box to continue:

Transcript
Page 1: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

1

Reduction of pollution from agricultural point and diffuse

sources through policy changes and demonstration through pilot

projects

Ivan ZavadskyProject Manager

UNDP GEF Danube Regional Project

1

Page 2: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

2The Danube River Basin, a cultural and historical centre of Europe

Page 3: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

3

Structure of the presentation

The Danube River Protection Convention

EU WFD implementation

UNDP GEF Danube Regional Project: Implementing Components on Agriculture

Page 4: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

4

The Danube River Protection Convention

A legal frame for co-operation to assure

the protection of water and ecological resources and their sustainable use in the Danube

River Basin

4

Page 5: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

5

Danube River Protection Convention OBJECTIVES

Ensure sustainable and equitable water management

Ensure conservation, improvement and the rational use of surface waters and ground water

Control discharge of waste waters, inputs of nutrients and hazardous substances from point and diffuse sources of emissions

Control floods and ice hazards Control hazards originating from accidents

(warning and preventive measures) Reduce pollution loads of the Black Sea

from sources in the Danube catchment area.

Page 6: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

66

ICPDR Policies & Actions

The Joint Action Programme

Page 7: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

7

River Basin Management and implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive

Policies and Strategies of the JAP

Emission inventory and pollution reductionRestoration of wetlands and flood plainsTransnational Monitoring Network (TNMN)

and extended water quality standardsAccident warning system and preventionSustainable flood control and preventionDomestic and basin wide water balance.

Page 8: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

8

Investments and expected results

(Joint Action Programme / Five Years Nutrient Reduction

Plan)Investments: Municipal waste water collection & treatment: 3.709 billion USD Industrial waste water treatment: 0.276 billion USD Agricultural projects and land use: 0.113 billion USD Rehabilitation of wetlands: 0.323 billion USD

Nitrogen reduction:• from point sources : 58,600 t/y• from diffuse sources : 60,000 t/y• total emission reduction : 22 %

Phosphorus reduction:• from point sources : 12,000 t/y• from diffuse sources : 4,000 t/y• total emission reduction : 33 %

Page 9: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

99

Page 10: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

10

The Implementation of The Implementation of the EU Water the EU Water

Framework Directive in Framework Directive in the Danube River Basin the Danube River Basin

Page 11: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

11Development of the Danube RBM Plan

- preparation phaseICPDR

• Strategy for development of RBM Plan• Delimitation of the DRB District (including

the coastal waters of the Black Sea) • Development of issue papers and

preparatory studies on special DRB topicseconomic analysis

transboundary issues

public participation

Danube GIS & mapping criteria

typology & reference conditions of water bodies

artificial and heavily modified water bodies

significant pressures and impacts

effects from human activities on ground water

register of protected areas (species and habitats)

European Commission

Common Implementation Strategy

Guidance documents

Page 12: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

12

Agricultural Pollution Control Strategy in Line with the

WFD Requirements

• Updated basin-wide Emission Inventories 2002

• Article 5 of the WFD: information on the type and scale of significant anthropogenic pressures, including point and diffuse sources of pollution.

• Requirements to consider land use patterns (e.g. urban, industrial, agricultural, forest).

 

Page 13: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

13Project “Harmonised Inventory of Point and Diffuse Emissions of N and P

in the DRB”MONERIS

• Undertaken by the Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin.

• The project aim: to determine and calculate the annual nutrient emissions into the Danube river (1998 to 2000) by applying MONERIS model to the 388 sub-basins of DRB.

• 7 pathways are considered: point sources (discharges from municipal waste water treatment plants and direct industrial discharges); atmospheric deposition; erosion; surface runoff; groundwater; tile drainage and paved urban areas.

• Estimations of Agricultural Diffuse Pollution: 4 main nutrient emission pathways influenced significantly by agriculture –groundwater, tile drainage, soil erosion and surface run-off.

Page 14: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

14

Effect of pollution on Effect of pollution on the Black Seathe Black Sea

14

Page 15: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

15

Significant process degrading the Black Sea

Over-fertilization of the sea by compounds of N and P, largely as a result of agricultural (late 1960s, "green revolution"), domestic and industrial sources. This over-fertilization produces eutrophication which has changed the structure of the Black Sea ecosystem.

It is estimated that the six Black Sea countries contribute about 70% of the total amount of the substances flowing to the Black Sea as waste from human activities.

The remaining 30% (from the other eleven non-coastal countries) enter the Sea via the Danube River.

Current phosphate levels appear to be roughly the same as in the 1960s but total nitrogen levels are still at least four times as those observed during that period.

Page 16: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

16Annual Nitrogen Load in the Danube (in kt/y), subdivided over the countries of origin, with a high estimate for the in

stream denitrification (= removal rate)

68

551total

77

15

30

31

20

23

72

36

23

121

8

28

nitrogen (kt/a)

(12.3% )

(100% )

(13.9% )

(2.8% )

(5.4% )

(5.6% )

(3.5% )

(4.1% )

(13.1% )

(6.5% )

(4.1% )

(22% )

(1.5% )

(5.1% )

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

sou

rce

Inn

D-A

bo

rde

r

Mo

rava

/A-S

K-H

bo

rde

r

H t

o C

R/Y

U

Dra

va

Tis

a

Sa

va

YU

-RO

bo

rde

r

Iron

Ga

tes

YU

-BG

bo

rde

r

BG

-RO

bo

rde

r

out

flow

G ERMANY AUSTRIA CZECH_RE SLO VAKIA

HUNG ARY SLO VENIA CRO ATIA YUG O SLAV

BOSNIA_H BULG ARIA RO MANIA MO LDO VA

UKRAINE

Page 17: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

17

Cooperation with the Black Cooperation with the Black Sea CommissionSea Commission

Page 18: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

18

Memorandum of Understanding

between the International Commission for the Protection of

the Black Sea (ICPBS) and the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR) on Common Strategic

Goals

Page 19: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

19

Goals: In short and medium terms, by adopting

appropriate strategies, in particular in the transition countries, that will permit economic development, whilst assuring the recovery of the agricultural and industrial sector activities, the discharge of nutrient and hazardous substances into the Black Sea shall not exceed the discharges from 1997

In the long-term, the Black Sea ecosystems shall recover to conditions similar to those observed in the 1960s through progressive reduction of loads of anthropogenically applied nutrients and hazardous substances in all countries of the Black Sea Basin.

Nutrient Reduction to the Black Sea

Page 20: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

20

Joint Danube / Black Sea Technical Working Group

Joint Danube / Black Sea TWG

Bulgaria Romania Ukraine

ICPDRPS

MLIMchair

EMISchair

Russia

Georgia

Turkey

Black SeaPS

UNDP/GEFDRP

UNDP/GEFBSP

BS membersDanube members

Page 21: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

21

JTWG Danube-Black Sea Work Programme

Assessment of existing monitoring systems (BSC area)

Development of monitoring programme (BSC area)

Development of ecological status indicators (BSC area)

Assessment of pollution (causes) in the BSC area and of the ecological status of the Black Sea

Development of reporting formats

Recommendations to limit discharge of nutrients and hazardous substances

Enhancing of information mechanisms

Page 22: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

22Nutrient Management in the Danube Basin and its Impact

on the Black SeadaNUbs

General objectives:

to improve the knowledge on the sources, pathways, stocks, losses and sinks of nutrients in a large river catchment,

to improve the knowledge on the effects of nutrients

to develop, improve and combine management tools for nutrients in the Danube Basins and

to develop scenarios and prognoses for nutrient management and its effect on water quality and their consequences on the socio-economic development in the DRB.

Page 23: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

23

UNDP GEF Danube Regional UNDP GEF Danube Regional Project Project

Strengthening the Strengthening the implementation capacities for implementation capacities for

the nutrient reduction and the nutrient reduction and transboundary cooperation in transboundary cooperation in

the DRBthe DRB

Page 24: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

24

The Overall Objective of the Project

24

Complement the activities of the ICPDR required to strengthen a regional approach for solving transboundary problems. This includes

the development of national policies and legislation, the definition of priority actions for pollution control, especially nutrient reduction,

as well as the achieving of sustainable transboundary ecological conditions within the

DRB and the Black Sea basin area.

Page 25: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

25

Project Time Frame

• Phase 1 (2002-2003), Preparation– activities related to ICPDR Expert Groups, WFD

support, sectors: agriculture, industry, wetlands; public participation, pilot activities etc.

• Phase 2 (2004-2006), Implementation– Application of methodologies, plans, strategies and

pilot projects prepared in the Phase 1

25

Page 26: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

26

Goals of the DRP in Short....

• Reduce Nutrient and Toxic Pollution in the Danube and Black Sea Ecosystems;

• Reinforce Transboundary Cooperation and the Ecosystem Approach.

26

Page 27: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

27

The Approach?

1. Support the ICPDR & its Member States, through strengthening the ICPDR Structures, activities and policy development;

2. Strengthen Public Involvement in addressing key environmental problems through supporting the NGOs (DEF network), public awareness activities, communication strategy, small grants programme and access to information.

27

Page 28: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

28

A Summary of DRP Activities

• Strengthening Institution (s);

• Improving Management Tools;

• Developing Policies;

• Promoting Public Participation;

• Implementing Pilot Projects.

28

Page 29: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

29

Strengthening Institutions

• Danube Protection Commission (ICPDR);– WQ Monitoring System;– ICPDR Info System (Danubis), – Accident Prevention and Control;– Joint Danube-Black Sea Working Group;

• National Level; – Inter-ministerial Committees;

• Other Stakeholders: – DEF.

29

Page 30: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

30

• River Basin Management (EU Water Framework Directive),

• Danube GIS,

• Economic Instruments (Tariffs,Fines etc.)

• Monitoring of Nutrients in Wetlands.

Developing & Utilizing Tools

30

Page 31: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

31

Developing Policies

• Agriculture;

• Industry;

• Economic Instruments;

• Land Use and Wetlands;

• Phosphates in Detergents.

31

Page 32: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

32

Supporting Pilot Projects

• River Basin Management

(Sava River Basin),

• Agriculture,

• Wetlands.

32

Page 33: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

33

Supporting Public Participation

• Public Awareness (Communication Strategy, products & campaigns);

• Small Grants Programme;• Support to DEF;• Public Participation in Developing a

Danube River Basin Mgmt. Plan;• Improving Access to Information (phase 2)

for Addressing Hot Spots

33

Page 34: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

34

UNDP GEF Danube Regional Project

Output 1.2: Policies for the Control of Agricultural Point and Non-point Sources of Pollution

Output 1.3: Pilot Projects on Agricultural

Pollution Reduction

Page 35: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

35

Policies for the Control of Agricultural Point and Non-point

Sources of Pollution Up-dating the basin-wide inventory on priority

agricultural point and non-point sources of pollution (Phase 1)

Reviewing the relevant legislation, existing policy programmes and actual state of enforcement in the DRB with respect to promotion and application of best agricultural practices

Reviewing the inventory on important agrochemicals (nutrients etc.) in terms of quantities of utilization, their misuse in application, their environmental impacts and potential for reduction

Identifying the main institutional, administrative and funding deficiencies (including complementary measures) to reduce pollutants

Introducing or, where existing, further developing concepts for the application of BAP in all DRB countries

Page 36: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

36

Policies for the Control of Agricultural Point and Non-point

Sources of Pollution(2)

Inventory/description of policy instruments/programmes

Assessment of adequacy (e.g. state of enforcement)

Description of main deficiencies

Review of BAP projects/programmes

Assessment of nutrient reduction capacity of BAP projects/programmes identified

Gaps/deficiencies in the implementation of BAP

Page 37: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

37

Policies for the Control of Agricultural Point and Non-point

Sources of Pollution(3) Develop basin-wide unifying concept of BAP according

to need for intervention that is identified – develop the “hierarchy of BAP” in more detail, taking into account national circumstances

Take account of EU requirements where appropriate

Prepare concept paper for each of the 11 DRB countries and translate into appropriate national languages for purposes of consultation

Discuss the new concept with governments, farming communities and NGOs in the DRB and disseminate the results and conclusions

Page 38: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

38

Pilot Projects on Agricultural Pollution Reduction

Analyzing existing programmes and pilot projects promoting BAP (especially regarding animal farming and manure handling, as well as organic farming) in DRB countries, and assess nutrient reduction capacities (Phase 1)

Developing practical concepts for the introduction respectively promotion of appropriate agricultural practices and manure handling in the central and downstream DRB countries by taking into account national demand and international markets

Preparing and implementing for the central and lower DRB countries typical pilot projects (especially in UA, MD, RO, BG, YU and B-H) to train and support farmers in the application of best agricultural practice

Page 39: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

39

Pilot Projects on Agricultural Pollution Reduction (2)

Clearly defined mechanisms for promoting BAP through the agricultural extension services

Consultation workshop on the design and development of selection criteria for pilot projects promoting BAP in the priority countries

List of potential projects in the central and lower DRB countries (especially in UA, MD, RO, BG, YU and B-H) to train and support farmers in the application of best agricultural practice

Preliminary implementation plans

Page 40: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

40

Danube Regional Project Web Page

• http://www.icpdr.org/undp-drp

Page 41: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

41

Thank you Thank you for your attentionfor your attention!!

Page 42: The Danube River Basin,  a cultural and historical centre of Europe

42

………….


Related Documents