Athens Sparta
• Central Greece
• 4 miles from Aegean Sea
• Travelers!• Enjoy
spreading ideas, art, knowledge
• Naval power & strong influence
to other City States
• Isolated
• Harbor 25 miles away - surrounded by mountains!
• Not friendly to outsiders
• Better soil for agriculture
• Being a soldier is VERY
important
Sparta
• Patron Goddess: Artemis
Goddess of Wilderness, Hunt, Fertility
• Worshipped same Gods as Athenians
• Patron Goddess: AthenaGoddess of Wisdom,
Justice, Courage
• Worshipped same Gods as Spartans
Athens
Zeus – King of Gods
Poseidon – God of the
Sea
Greek Architecture
• Acropolis: a highly elevated plateau in Athens • A complex center
for politics, commerce, culture
• Parthenon: the most famous temple on the Acropolis, built in honor of Athena
• Project initiated by Pericles
The Acropolis is not one building or temple, but rather a collection of Athens’ community structures atop a high plateau.
ACRO = Extreme, Edge, Height, SummitPOLIS = City-State, City, Citadel
The Acropolissits atop
the city of Athens
DORIC IONIC CORINTHIAN
The Agora today
Video Clip: Secrets of the
Parthenon
Warm Up 10-24
Once your group has arrived, begin to share the 5 main ideas from your reading
dissections.
Miss Mangold will be passing out popsicle sticks. Make sure
you grab one.
Athens Sparta• Democracy since 500 BCE
• Free men over age 18 can be citizens
• No women, no slaves can be citizens
• What rights could the Citizens enjoy?
• Agora• Vote• Hold office• Own property• Defend themselves
in court
• Council of 500: Five hundred citizens of Athens selected to run the city’s daily functions
• Proposed new laws
• Assembly: ideas for new laws went to a much larger group, who met every 10 days.
Athens• Oligarchy – decisions
made by the few and the powerful
• Council of Elders- all important decisions made within
• Must be 60 years old
• 2 kings, 28 men• Assembly: met outside
of city because it was so large but had little power
• Only could vote “yes” or “no” to Council’s laws
Sparta
• Pericles: a great leader who developed Athens’ culture, democracy and power during the Golden Age.• Loved creativity, music,
the arts, drama • Rebuilt the city • Supported democracy
and reforms to allow its growth
Athens• Oligarchy – decisions
made by the few and the powerful
• Council of Elders- all important decisions made within
• Must be 60 years old
• 2 kings, 28 men• Assembly: met outside
of city because it was so large but had little power
• Only could vote “yes” or “no” to Council’s laws
Sparta
• Economy: the way a community or region organizes the manufacture and exchange of money, food, products, and services to meet people’s needs.
Athens Sparta
• Trade with foreign lands and other city-states buying and selling in the agora
• Coins easier for trade
• A center for politics, commerce, socialization
• Got necessary goods from:
• Farming• Conquering Others• Slaves/Noncitizens• Little trade
• Generally discouraged trade and the transfer of new ideas
Athens Sparta• Education:
• Boys go to school to learn reading, writing, math
• Girls stay at home to learn to run the house
• Society Society Structure:
+ Women – could not inherit or own property; could not attend Assembly
+Slaves –• Most Athenians owed a slave• Captives of war, or born into
it
• Education:• Boys begin military
training at age 7• Girls may also learn
military techniques
• Society Structure:+ Women – generally freer than Athenian women because men were almost always at war
+ Non-Citizens – free, but not Spartan
- No government, but military is OK
+ Helots – slaves which provided for the city-state
Athens
• Contributions to Society:
- Democracy Direct vs.
Representative- Citizenship
the right to vote running for office
- Philosophy “thinking about
thinking” Socrates, Plato
- Tragedies and Comedies Theater
Find the Fib
1. Any Athenian can participate in government, as long as they are a member of the Council of 500.
2. Democracy and Oligarchy were the two main governments we discussed for Athens and Sparta.
3. Sparta and Athens differed in many ways, including their social structures.
4. The geography of Greece is mountainous and rocky, but Athens was situated by the sea and Sparta was more inland.
