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Page 1: Mines GENERAL - tsg3.ustsg3.us/tnsg_lib/unit_dig_lib/fm21_75/appa.pdf · Mines GENERAL A unit may use mines ... arming and emplacing procedure. Make sure that the firing-device safety

FM 21-75

APPENDIX A

Mines

GENERAL

A unit may use mines during security, defen-sive, retrograde, and offensive operations in orderto reduce the enemy’s mobility. In those operations,leaders pick the places for the mines and their menemplace them and, when required, retrieve them (SeeTM 9–1345-203-12P).

The mines you will most commonly use are:

M14, Antipersonnel

M16Al, Antipersonnel

M18Al, Antipersonnel

M26, Antipersonnel

M15, Antitank

M21, Antitank

M24, Off-Route Antitank

CONTENTSGENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1ANTIPERSONNEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2ANTITANK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-22

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ANTIPERSONNEL

M14, ANTIPERSONNEL MINE

This is a blast-type, high-explosive minewith a plastic body. A pressure of 9 to 15.8kg(20 to 35 lb) will detonate it.

To emplace an M14 mine:

Remove the mine from the packing boxand inspect it. If the mine is crackedor otherwise damaged, do not use it.

Use the M22 wrench from the pack-ing box to unscrew the white plasticshipping plug from the detonator wellin the bottom of the mine. Keep theshipping plug for possible future use.

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Inspect the firing pin’s position. If itextends into the detonator well. themine is unsafe to use.

Inspect the detonator well for foreignmatter. If foreign matter is present,carefully remove it by tapping themine against the palm of the hand.

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Dig a hole about 10 cm (4 in) in diam-eter and just deep enough (about 3.8em [1.5 in]) so that the pressure plate ofthe mine will extend above the ground.

Make sure the ground at the bottomof the hole is solid enough to supportthe mine when pressure is applied tothe pressure plate. If the ground is toosoft, place a block of wood or othersolid support in the bottom of the hole.

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To disarm and remove an M14 mine, re-verse the steps used to arm and emplace it.

Inspect the area around the mine tosee if the mine has been tampered with.If it has been, do not try to disarm it.Report the tampering to your leader.

Remove the soil from the mine withoutputting pressure on the mine.

Grasp the body of the mine with onehand and insert the safety clip withthe other.

With the safety clip in place, turn thepressure plate so that the arrow pointsto S (SAFE). That disarms the mine.Remove the mine from the hole.Turn the mine over and carefully re-move the detonator from the detonatorwell.Screw the plastic shipping plug intothe detonator well.Clean off the mine and put it in apacking box.

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M16Al, ANTIPERSONNEL MINE

This is a bounding, fragmentation minewith a metallic body. It can be set for pressuredetonation or set with a tripwire attached to arelease-pin ring. A pressure of 3.6 kg (8 lb) ormore against one or more of the three prongsof the fuze, or a pull of 1.3 kg (3 lb) or more onthe tripwire, will detonate the mine.

To emplace an M16Al mine:

Remove the mine from its packingbox and inspect it for damage. If themine is dented, cracked, or otherwisedamaged, do not use it.

Unscrew the shipping plug from thefuze well with the closed end of theM25 fuze wrench. Keep the shippingplug for future disarming of the mine,if required.

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Inspect the fuse well and flash tube ofthe mine for foreign matter. If foreignmatter is present, turn the mine upsidedown and gently tap its bottom to dis-lodge the matter.

Set the mine down and take a fuze outof the fuze box.

Inspect the fuze for damage and formissing safety pins. Make sure thatthe safety pins move freely in thesafety-pin holes. Also make sure that

the rubber gasket is around the fusebase.

With the open end of the wrench, makesure that the bushing adapter on thefuze well is tight.

Screw the fuze assembly into the fuzewell with the fuze wrench.

Dig a hold about 15 cm (6 in) deep and13 cm (5 in) in diameter.

Put the mine in the hole.

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To disarm and remove an M16A1 mine,reverse the steps used to arm and emplace it.

Check the mine and the area around itto see if the mine has been tamperedwith.

If it has been, do not try to disarm it.

Report the tampering to your leader.

Uncover the top of the mine.

Insert the positive safety pin throughthe positive safety pin hole.

Insert the locking safety pin throughthe locking safety pin hole oppositethe release-pin ring.

Insert the interlocking safety pin be-tween the positive safety pin andlocking safety pin.

If tripwires are attached to the release-pin ring, cut all of them after thesafety pins have been inserted.

Remove the dirt from around the mineand then lift the mine out of the hole.

Unscrew and remove the fuze assembly.

Replace the plastic shipping plug inthe fuze well.

Replace the mine and fuze in the pack-ing box.

M18Al, ANTIPERSONNEL MINE(CLAYMORE)

This is a curved, rectangular mine con-taining C4 explosive and 700 steel balls. It canbe fired electrically or nonelectrically.

The Claymore projects 700 steel balls ina fan-shaped pattern about 2 meters (6.6 ft)high and 60 degrees wide to a range of 50 meters(165 ft). These balls are effective as far as 100meters (328 ft) and are dangerous up to 250meters (825 ft) forward of the mine.

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To emplace a Claymore for commanddetonation:

Remove the electrical firing wire, the Position the firing-device safety bailfiring device, and test set from the in the FIRE position and squeeze thebandoleer. Do not take the mine out firing-device handle with a firm, quickof the bandoleer. squeeze.

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161-017 0 - 94 - 5

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To disarm and remove a Claymore, reversearming and emplacing procedure.

Make sure that the firing-device safetybail is in the SAFE position.

Disconnect the firing wire from thefiring device and replace the dustcovers.Move to the mine and unscrew andremove the shipping-plug primingadapter from it. Take the firing devicewith you.Remove the blasting cap from theshipping-plug priming adapter andthen screw the adapter back into thedetonator well.Put the blasting cap inside its card-board container, remove the firing wirefrom the stake, and reroll the firingwire.Pick up the mine and put it in thebandoleer.Remove the firing wire from the stakeat the firing position and put it in thebandoleer.

To emplace a Claymore with a tripwire:Emplace and aim the mine to coverthe desired kill zone.Put an anchor stake (1) about 1 meter(3.3 ft) to the rear of the mine andattach the firing wire to it, leavingabout 1.5 meters (5 ft) of slack. Do notinsert the blasting cap into the mineat this time.Unroll the firing wire to a point about20 meters (66 ft) to either the left orright front of the mine. Put an anchorstake (2) at that point.Attach a clothespin (or other impro-vised device) to stake (2) with its closedend pointing toward the kill zone. Theclothespin can be tied or nailed to thestake.Move across the kill zone and put inanother stake (3).Attach the trip wire to stake (3) andunroll the tripwire to stake (2).

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Attach the end of the tripwire to a connection to the clothespin by cut-C-ration plastic spoon or some other ting one strand of the firing wire andnonconductor of electricity. Connect forming two bare wire loops that canthe tripwire and spoon before setting fit over the ends of the clothespin.up the mine. (Do that before setting up the mine.)Prepare the firing wire at stake (2) for

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Slide the loops over the ends of theclothespin and tighten them to fit inthe grooves of the clothespin.

Insert the tripwire spoon into the jawsof the clothespin. The tripwire shouldbe about ankle-high and not too tight.

Unroll the firing wire to a site to therear of the mine and put in anotheranchor stake (4).

Attach the firing wire to stake (4).

Move to the mine, insert the blastingcap into the detonating well, screw in

the shipping-plug priming adapter,and recheck the aim.

Move to stake (4) to attach the firingwire to the power source.

Cut the shorting plug and dust coverfrom the end of the firing wire and re-move about 2.54 cm (1 in) of insulationfrom each strand of the firing wire.

Twist the ends of the wires and attachthem to a power source (BA 206 orBA 4386 battery or any other powersource that produces at least 2 volts ofelectricity). The system is now ready.

To disarm and remove a Claymore with atripwire, reverse the steps used- to arm andinstall it.

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Disconnect the firing wire from thepower.

Remove the blasting cap from the mineand place the cap in its protective cover.

Place the mine in the bandoleer.

Roll up the firing wire and recover theother items, going from stake (1) to(2), (2) to (3), and (3) to (4).

Put all of the accessories in the bando-leer and move back to your position.

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M26, ANTIPERSONNEL MINEThis is a small, bounding, fragmentation

mine. It can be set for either pressure or trip-wire activation. A pressure of 13 kg (28 lb) ontop of the mine, or a pull against the tripwirewill detonate it.

To emplace an M26 mine for pressuredetonation:

Dig a hole in the ground about 13 cm(5 in) deep and wide enough to acceptthe mine.

Remove a 2.5 cm (1 in) layer of dirt outto about 15 cm (6 in) from around themine to allow knuckle clearance neededwhen turning the arming handle.

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NOTE: Leave the tripwire spool assemblyattached to the mine This helps to stabi-

Remove the arming handle from thetripwire spool by pulling it upward

lize the mine in the hole.

from the spool.

Close the spread ends of the arming-latch retaining pin (cotter pin) to aidits removal after the mine is emplaced.

Place the mine in the hole, with coverend up, so that the mine cover lugs ex-tend just slightly above ground level.

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Pack the dirt around the mine, leavingthe cover lugs exposed.

Remove the arming-latch retaining pinby pulling the ring straight up.

Attach the arming handle to the lugson the arming latch. Hold the minefirmly with the thumb and finger ofone hand to keep it from turning. Turnthe cover clockwise (about ¼ turn)until it stops.

The arrow on the mine cover should beslightly past the center of the red A(armed) position.

Camouflage the mine.

Remove the arming latch from the

To disarm and remove an M26 mine setfor pressure detonation, reverse the steps usedto arm and install the mine.

mine by pulling straight out on thearming handle. Keep the arming latchand arming handle for future use. Themine is now armed.

Carefully remove all camouflage fromaround the top of the mine.

If there is any sign of boobytrappingor tampering, do not try to disarm andremove the mine. Instead, destroy themine in place.

If there are no signs of boobytrappingor tampering, replace the arming latchby sliding it under the arming handlelugs from the side opposite the arrow.

Make sure that the middle prong ofthe arming latch engages the trip-lever cam.

Remove a 2.5 cm (1 in) layer of dirt outto about 15 cm (6 in) from the edge ofthe mine to allow knuckle clearance.

Attach the arming handle to the arm-ing latch.

Hold the mine with one hand and turnthe cover counterclockwise with yourother hand until it stops (about ¼turn).

The arrow on the cover should lineup with the S (SAFE) position on themine.

Remove the arming handle.

Insert the arming-latch retaining pinthrough the holes in the arming latchand mine body. (It may be necessaryto rotate the latch back about ½ cm[¼ in] to align the holes.)

Remove the mine from the hole.

Clear the mine and repackage it.

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To emplace an M26 mine for tripwiredetonation:

Dig a hole in the ground about 13 cm(5 in) deep and wide enough for themine.

Remove a 2.5 cm (1 in) layer of dirt outto about 15 cm (6 in) from around themine to allow knuckle clearance neededwhen turning the arming handle.

Remove the tripwire spool assembly

by pulling it away from the mine body.

Remove the arming handle from thetripwire spool by pulling it upward.

Unscrew and remove the trip leverfrom the tripwire spool.

Remove one or more tripwires, asrequired, from the tripwire spool bypressing in on the plastic tripwireretainer(s) and lifting the tripwire(s)off the top of the spool.

Retain or replace any unused trip-wires on the spool.

Replace the tripwire spool assemblyon the mine. Leave the spool on themine to help stabilize it.

Close the spread ends of arming-latchretaining pin (cotter pin) to aid itsremoval after the mine is emplaced.

Place the mine in the hole with thecover end up, so that the mine coverlugs extend just slightly above groundlevel.Pack the dirt around the mine, leavingthe cover lugs exposed.Screw the trip lever about four turnsinto the trip-lever cam (in the top cen-ter of the mine cover) until it is tight.

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To disarm and remove an M26 mineemplaced for tripwire detonation, reversethe steps used to arm and install the tripwiredetonation.

Cut the tape holding the coils of wire.

Attach the loop end(s) of the tripwire(s)to the loop of the trip lever.

Leaving some slack, attach the otherend of the tripwire(s) to a firm anchorstake(s).

Remove the arming-latch retaining pinby pulling the ring straight up.

Assemble the arming handle to thelugs on the arming latch. Hold themine body firmly with your thumb andfinger of one hand to keep the minefrom turning. Rotate the cover clock-wise (from S to A) until it stops (about¼ turn).

Camouflage the mine.

Remove the arming latch from themine by pulling straight out on thearming handle. Keep the arming latchand arming handle for future use. Themine is now armed.

Carefully remove all camouflage fromaround the mine.

If there is any evidence of boobytrap-ping or tampering, do not try to disarmand remove the mine. Take care not tomove the trip lever or press on themine cover.

Replace the arming latch. With thetwo raised arming handle lugs facingupward, slide the arming latch underthe six lugs of the mine cover from theside opposite the arrow. Make surethat the middle prong of the arminglatch engages the trip-lever cam.

Remove a layer of dirt about 2.5 cm(1 in) deep for a distance of about 15cm (6 in) from the edge of the mine toallow knuckle clearance for turningand removing the arming latch.

Attach the arming handle to the lugson the arming latch.

Hold the mine with one hand and turnthe mine cover counterclockwise withyour other hand until it stops (about ¼turn). The arrow on the cover shouldpoint to the S (SAFE) position on themine body.

Remove the arming handle from themine and keep it for future use.

Insert the arming-latch retaining pinthrough the holes in the arming latchand mine body. It may be necessary toturn the latch back (up to ½ cm [¼ in])to align the holes of the latch and body.

Remove the mine from the ground.Clean the mine and repackage it.

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ANTITANKM15, ANTITANK MINE

This antitank mine has a cylindrical steelbody. It is pressure detonated. A force of 159to 340 kg (350 to 750 lb) on the pressure platewill detonate the mine.

To emplace an M15 mine:Remove the mine from its packing box.Using the M20 wrench, unscrew thearming plug by turning it counter-clockwise. Take it out of the mine.Inspect the fuze well for foreignmatter. Remove any found.

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Make sure that the booster retainer isseated in the fuze well. If it is missing,replace the mine.

Put the mine down and pick up themetal fuze container.

Open the container with the keyattached to its bottom.

Remove the fuze from the container.

Make sure that the green end of the

detonator shows in the bottom of thefuze and that the safety clip is in placebetween the pressure plate and thebody of the fuze.

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Remove the safety fork from betweenthe pressure plate and the body of thefuze. Keep the safety fork for future use.

Insert the fuze into the fuze well.Make sure that the fuze is seatedsecurely on top of the booster retainer.Put no-pressure on the pressure platewhen handling the fuze.

Check the clearance of the pressureplate of the fuze in the fuze well byusing the tab end of the M20 wrench.If the pressure plate is too high, thebutton on the plate will interfere withthe movement of the arming shutterin arming the mine. If the fuze doesnot fully seat, remove it and replaceit with another fuze.Pick up the arming plug M4 and turnthe setting knob to the SAFE posi-tion — if it is not already on SAFE.

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Dig a hole about 38 cm (15 in) in diam-eter and 15 cm (16 in) deep, with wallssloping 45 degrees.

Check the bottom of the hole to makesure that the ground is solid so thatthe mine will not sink into the ground.If it is not solid, insert a wooden boardor other support to give the mine afirm foundation.

Lay the mine in the hole so that thetop surface of the pressure plate isabout 3 cm (11/2 in) below ground level.Fill in the dirt around the mine andpat it down.Using the M20 wrench, arm the mineby turning the setting knob fromSAFE through DANGER to ARMED.Camouflage the mine.

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To disarm and remove an M15 mine,reverse the steps used to arm and install it.

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Carefully remove all camouflage fromaround the mine. Look for boobytrapsand other signs of tampering. If thereare signs of tampering or boobytraps,destroy the mine in place.

If there are no signs of tampering orboobytraps, Slowly turn the settingknob from ARMED through DANGERto SAFE. Use the M20 wrench.

Turn the arming plug counterclock-wise with the M20 wrench and removeit from the mine.

Remove the fuze from the fuze well.

Insert the safety fork under the pres-sure plate and place the fuze in asecure container.

Put the arming plug in the fuze well.

Remove the mine from the hole andput it in the packing box.

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M21, ANTITANK MINEThis antitank mine has a cylindrical steel

body. It is pressure detonated. A pressure of 1.7kg (3.75 lb) against the tilt rod (causing the rod totilt 20 degrees or more) will detonate the mine.When not using the tilt rod, a pressure of 131.5 kg(290 lb) on the pressure ring will detonate the mine.

To emplace an M21 mine:

Remove the mine and its componentsfrom the packing box.

Inspect the mine and components forserviceability. Check for cracks, dents,or other signs of damage. If a damageditem is found, replace it.

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Make sure that the cotter pins of thefuze pull-ring assembly and the fuze clo-sure assembly are in place and secure.

Turn the mine bottom up and, with thescrewdriver end of the M26 wrench,remove the closing plug assembly byturning it counterclockwise.

A-28

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Inspect the booster cavity for foreignmatter. Remove any found.

Insert the M120 booster (with thewasher side toward the fuze) into thebooster cavity.

With the M26 wrench, replace theclosing-plug assembly by turning it

clockwise until tight. The gasket ofthe closing-plug assembly should beagainst the booster.

Turn the mine bottom down.

With the M26 wrench, remove theshipping-plug assembly from the fuzehole of the mine.

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Inspect the fuze hole. If foreign matter

With the closure end of the M26wrench, remove the closure assemblyfrom the M607 fuze. The gasket on thebottom of the fuze should stay in place.

A-30

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Screw the fuze hand-tight into thethreaded fuze hole of the mine chargecap. Set the mine down.

Dig a hole in the ground 30 cm (12 in)in diameter and 15 cm (6 in) deep.

Check the bottom of the hole to makesure that the ground is solid and hasa firm, flat foundation for the mineto rest on. If the ground is soft, themine may tilt and lose effectiveness.

In soft ground, place a board or otherflat object under the mine as a firmfoundation.

Place the mine in the hole.

Press the ground firmly against thesides of the mine, leaving the fuzeuncovered.

Screw the extension rod into thethreaded pressure ring of the fuze.

Make sure that the extension rod isvertical.

If the mine is being set for pressure detona-tion with the pressure rings, do not use theextension rod. Instead:

Remove the pull ring assembly bandand stop on the fuze. This arms themine.Keep the above items for future use, ifneeded, to disarm the fuze.

Camouflage the mine.

To disarm and remove an M21 mine, re-verse the steps used to arm and install it.

Check the area for boobytraps or anysigns of tampering. If there are booby-traps or signs of tampering, destroythe mine in place.If there are no boobytraps or signs oftampering, remove the camouflagematerial from around the mine.Reassemble the band, stop, and pull-ring assembly on the fuze so that thepressure ring is immobilized. When thecotter pin is in place, spread the endsso that it is not easily removable.Remove the extension rod and theextension-rod adapter, if present. Becareful not to damage them.Remove the dirt from around the mineand remove the mine from the hole.Remove the fuze from the mine and in-stall the closure assembly on the fuze.Install the shipping-plug assembly intothe fuze hole of the mine.Turn the mine bottom up and removethe closing-plug assembly.Remove the booster, then reinstall theclosing-plug assembly with the gaskettoward the booster cavity.Put the mine, fuze, and components intheir original container.

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FM 21-75

M24, OFF-ROUTE ANTITANK MINEThis is a remotely detonated mine system. TANK) rocket to be launched from an “off-

It is activated by vehicles running over a linear route” launch position. The launcher should beswitch (called a discriminator) which causes a between 3 and 30 meters (10 to 100 feet) from3.5-inch HEAT (HIGH EXPLOSIVE ANTI- the edge of the path.

A-32


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