Introduction to Introduction to PhilosophyPhilosophy
Introduction to PhilosophyJason M. Chang
Lecture Outline
1. Defining philosophy
2. Relevance of philosophy
3. Beginnings of philosophy
Defining Philosophy
• Literal translation (from Greek)
• Questions of philosophy
o Irresolvableo Interminableo Inescapable
Defining Philosophy
Defining Philosophy
Defining Philosophy
A discipline that aims at truth about or understanding of reality, existence, and meaning through disciplined reasoning
Red – the aimBlue – the topicsYellow – the method
Relevance of Philosophy
Why study philosophy?
1. Critical thinking skills2. Skills in argumentation3. Communication skills4. To be like Bruce Lee5. Plato’s answer
Source: http://www.scu.edu/cas/philosophy/whystudy.cfm
Relevance of Philosophy - Plato’s answer
• Introduction to Plato
• Plato’s cave
o “Imagine a dark scene…”
Plato 427-347 BC
Relevance of Philosophy - Plato’s answer
• Prisoners in the cave
o Features of the prisonerso Prisoners as a metaphor for what?
• Escapee who ascends the cave
o Features of the escapeeo Escapee as a metaphor for what?
Relevance of Philosophy - Plato’s answer
The importance of philosophy for Plato
• Frees us from our prejudices
• Enlarges our understanding of the True and Good
• Part of a well-lived human life
Beginnings of Philosophy
• Introduction to Socrates
Socrates 469-399 BC
Beginnings of Philosophy
Why is Socrates important?
• Represents philosophy (and the examined life)
• Challenged others to live the examined life
• Willing to die for philosophy
Beginnings of Philosophy
Socrates’ mission in life
• Origins of his mission
o Oracle of Delphi’s proclamation
o Recognition of corruption and ignorance
o Twofold mission
Beginnings of Philosophy
Carrying out his mission
• Challenge to Athenians
• Socratic method
• Public reception of Socrates’ actions
Beginnings of Philosophy
Socrates’ trial and execution
• Official charges
• Socrates in jail
• Socrates’ execution (399 BC)
