Dry Cow Therapy, Mastitis and Milk -
EnhancementTherapeutic treatment with casein hydrolyzate eradicate effectively bacterial
infection in treated mammary quarters in cows
Doron Tiomkin, Hchaklait, , Hchaklait, Veterinarian Services, Israel.Veterinarian Services, Israel.
Adin Swhimmer,,
CentralCentral Laboratory for Udder Health, IsraelLaboratory for Udder Health, Israel..
Nissim Silanikove, Agricultural Research , Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Animal Science, Israel.Organization, Institute of Animal Science, Israel.
Gabriel Leitner, The Veterinary Institute, Israel, The Veterinary Institute, Israel
Jose Iscovich, Mileutis Ltd., Mileutis Ltd.
Histology of gland treated with casein hydrolyzate (CNH) vs. non-treated gland
Control GlandTreated Gland
CNH in Goats: Precipitous drying of milk secretion only in the treated gland
Silanikove et al, Life Sci., 2002
The Physiological Basis
Dramatic activation of the innate immune system within 8 hours
Secretion of large number of activated neutrophils.
Enhanced secretion of immunoglobulins.
Formation of bactericide environment:Secretion of antimicrobial proteins and free radicals formation.
Drastic reduction in lactose and citrate concentration: elimination of food for bacteria.
Treatment procedures
Repeat the treatment twice over two days.
Don’t milk between treatments.
After the last treatment the gland is not milked until the next lactation.
Evacuate the treated gland and infuse the drug into the cistern.
Clinical mastitis with Arcanobacterium pyogenes
Antibiotic treatment is not effective.
The common treatment is to cut the teat in order to drain the infection or to treat with chlorhexidine or povidone - iodine.
Without treatment the infection might spread and become lethal.
To pour or not to pour
SCC (×1000) before treatment and 15 to 60 days after treatment in 45 cows
Note: SCC-PRE denotes pre-treatment somatic cell counts; SCC-POST denotes post-treatment somatic cell count. Pooled across herds (n=10) and period, 2001-2003.
Somatic Cell Counts
Pathogens Number SCC - PREAverage
SCC - POSTAverage
Staphylococcus aureus 5 1,235.2 147.4
All Streptococcus 17 3,357.4 262.3
Escherichia coli 7 1,781.2 275.4Arcanobacterium pyogenes 10 1,465.1 145.6
Others 6 3,283.5 226.7
All:Average SCC 2,210.2 205.0Standard deviation 2,374.3 170.2
SCC (×1000) frequencies after treatment with CNH
Stage 0 – 200 201 – 400 >401
Clinical 22% 8% 0
Subclinical 40 % 22% 8%
Total 62% 30% 8%
SCC (×1000) frequencies after treatment with CNH in the
following lactation
Reminder : pretreatment average SCC was 2,210.2
100 25.9%
101 - 200 33.3%
201 - 400 25.9%
401 14.8%
Bacterial cure in cows treated with CNH
433Total
08Others
010 pyogenesA .
14E. coli
26All Streptococcus
15S. aureus
Detected microorganism after
treatment
Detected microorganism before
treatment
Cure rate of 88.87 %P > .05
Ontogenesis of milk production in cows treated with CNH
Pooled across herds (n=10) and period, 2001-2003.
26
30
34
38
Average30 - 59
days priorto
treatment
Average 0-29
days priorto
treatment
Average 0 - 29
days aftertreatment
Average30 - 59
days aftertreatment
Milk
yie
ld, L
/d
Dry period and new infections
"For every 5 kg increase in milk yield at dry-off above 12.5 kg, the odds of a cow having an environmental intramammary infection at calving increased at least by 77%".
Rajala-Schultz et al.; J Dairy Sci 2005; 88; 577-9
The risk of new intramammary infections might be reduced if milk production decreased prior to dry off, the udder involuted rapidly, and the teat canal closed in a timely manner".
R.T. Dingwell et al. 2001; National Mastitis Council Annual Meeting Proceedings, pp. 69-79; NMC, Verona, Wisconsin
Dry off treatment: CNH vs. antibiotics SCC values
840
307
172 157
0
200
400
600
800
1000
CNH n=11 Antibiotics n=33
SC
C (
,00
0)
Before treatment After treatment
Dry off treatment – infections in subsequent lactation
45%100%100% Non infected
post-treatment
2002CNS
1001 .coliE
0001S. uberis
1000 .chromogS
2004S. dysgalactia
0003S. aureus
Detected DIFFERENT
microorganism 60-89 days after
calving .
Detected SAME microorganism 60-89 days after
calving .
Detected SAME microorganism, 0-59 days after
calving .
Detected microorganism
before treatment
0 50 100 150 200 250 30010
20
30
40
50
60
70 Lactation: First (14,773 L) Second (10,614 L) Third (after treatment)
Milk
yie
ld (
L)
Days in milk
Cow 2425
0 50 100 150 200 250 30010
20
30
40
50
60
70
Milk
yie
ld (
L)
Days in milk
Lactation: First (12,460 L) Second (10,639 L) Third (12,106 L) Forth (after treatment)
Cow 2331
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
38.5
39.0
39.5
40.0
40.5
41.0
41.5
42.0
42.5
43.0
43.5
44.0
44.5
45.0
100% were bacterial free with SCC < 200,000
All cows were infectedat end of lactation
Milk yield during the first 100 days in lactation in the year before and after dry period treatment
Milk
yie
ld, L
/d
Days in milkingValues were corrected for lactation number
3.7 Liter\d increase9.36%
3.2 Liter\d increase7.8%
Mean milk yield increase during first 100 days of lactation
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
100 post calving daysof previous lactation
100 post calving daysafter treatment
Mil
k y
ield
, L
\d
Control n=33 Treated n=11
12.1%-17.24% increase4% difference
Conclusions
CNH is effective as a dry period treatment: eradicates existing infections, prevents new infections and lowers SCC.
CNH gained high rate of bacterial cure, with secretion of milk with low SCC during the next lactation cycle.
CNH improve dramatically milk hygiene immediately, without the need to discard milk from the uninfected gland.
CNH is effective where no alternative treatments exist.
CNH shortens the dry cow period treatment .
CNH increases milk yield.
